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Inoculation with Phosphate-Solubilizing Fungi Diversifies the Bacterial Community in Rhizospheres of Maize and Soybean

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Pedosphere 2007年第2期17卷 191-199页

作者： WANG Guang-Hua JIN Jian XU Mei-Na PAN Xiang-Wen C. TANG Laboratory of Black Soil Ecology Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Harbin 150081 （China）. Department of Agricultural Sciences La Trobe University Bundoora Vic 3086 （Australia）

Application of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) has been reported to increase P uptake and plant growth. However, no information is available regarding the ecological consequences of the inoculation with PSMs. The effect of inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing fungal (PSF) isolates Aspergillus niger P39 and Penicillium oxalicum P66 on the bacterial communities in the rhizospheres of maize (Zea mays L. 'Haiyu 6') and soybean (Glycine max Merr. 'Heinong 35') was examined using culture-dependent methods as well as a culture-independent method, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Compared with the control, the number of culturable microbes for soybean was significantly greater with P39, whereas for maize, the same was significantly greater with P66. In addition, a greater number of microbes were found in the rhizosphere of maize compared with soybean. The fingerprint of DGGE for 16S rDNA indicated that inoculation with PSF also increased bacterial communities, with the P66 treatment having higher numbers of DGGE bands and a higher Shannon-Weaver diversity index compared with P39; the composition of the microbial community was also more complex with the P66 treatment. Overall, complex interactions between plant species and exotic PSMs affected the structure of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere, but plant species were more important in determining the bacterial community structure than the introduction of exotic microorganisms.

关键词： bacterial community diversity PCR-DGGE phosphate-solubilizing fungus rhizosphere

Recreational potential as an indicator of accessibility control in protected mountain forest areas

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第7期14卷 1419-1427页

作者： Tomasz DUDEK Department of agroecology University of Rzeszów

The article presents research findings related to recreational use of forests located in protected mountainous areas with forestage of over 80%. The study was designed to identify recreational potential of the Carpathian national parks （Bieszczady National Park, Bahia G6ra National Park, Goree National Park and Magura National Park; southern Poland） and to compare these findings with the actual number of visitors. The information received on the recreational potential of parks is important from the point of view of protection of natural resources and the financial situation of the parks. The calculated ratio may be an effective tool of management for park administration, that allows to reconcile statutory social and protective functions of national parks. The study determined the recreational potential of the forests with the use of recreational valorisation method designed for areas with varied terrain, and the evaluated factors included the stands of trees with their habitat and land relief. The permissible number of national park visitors, expressed as man- hour/ha/year ranges from 19.31 in Bieszczady National Park （BG： 19~ 35＇ E, 49~ 35＇ N） to 32.06 in in Bieszczady National Park （B： 22~ 40＇ E, 49~ lo＇ N）. In 3 out of 4 investigated parks, Magura National Park （M： 21025＇ E, 49~ 30＇ N）, Gorce National Park （G： 20~ lo＇ E, 49~ 35＇ N）, B） recreation carrying capacity was not exceeded, whether or not the strictly protected area is taken into account. Only in BG was the recreation carrying capacity exceeded by nearly 24%, or by 85% if the strictly protected area isexcluded from tourism-related exploitation. The presented procedure for monitoring access to mountain forests in national parks, from the viewpoint of natural resources conservation, can be applied in other mountainous areas covered with forests and exposed to tourist and recreational traffic, and in forests facing particular risk of recreational damage, e.g. in urban and suburban forests growing in areas wi

关键词： Forest recreation Recreational capacity Protected areas Mountain forests the Carpathians

Spatiotemporal Variations and Influencing Factors Analysis of PM_(2.5) Concentrations in Jilin Province,Northeast China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2018年第5期28卷 810-822页

作者： WEN Xin ZHANG Pingyu LIU Daqian Northeast Institute of Geography and agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences

High PM_(2.5) concentrations and frequent air pollution episodes during late autumn and winter in Jilin Province have attracted attention in recent years. To describe the spatial and temporal variations of PM_(2.5) concentrations and identify the decisive influencing factors, a large amount of continuous daily PM_(2.5) concentration data collected from 33 monitoring stations over 2-year period from 2015 to 2016 were analyzed. Meanwhile, the relationships were investigated between PM_(2.5) concentrations and the land cover, socioeconomic and meteorological factors from the macroscopic perspective using multiple linear regressions(MLR) approach. PM_(2.5) concentrations across Jilin Province averaged 49 μg/m^3, nearly 1.5 times of the Chinese annual average standard, and exhibited seasonal patterns with generally higher levels during late autumn and over the long winter than the other seasons. Jilin Province could be divided into three kinds of sub-regions according to 2-year average PM_(2.5) concentration of each city. Most of the spatial variation in PM_(2.5) levels could be explained by forest land area, cultivated land area, urban greening rate, coal consumption and soot emissions of cement manufacturing. In addition, daily PM_(2.5) concentrations had negative correlation with daily precipitation and positive correlation with air pressure for each city, and the spread and dilution effect of wind speed on PM_(2.5) was more obvious at mountainous area in Jilin Province. These results indicated that coal consumption, cement manufacturing and straw burning were the most important emission sources for the high PM_(2.5) levels, while afforestation and urban greening could mitigate particulate air pollution. Meanwhile, the individual meteorological factors such as precipitation, air pressure, wind speed and temperature could influence local PM_(2.5) concentration indirectly.

关键词： particulate matter PM2.5 spatial variation temporal variation Jilin Province

Evapotranspiration Estimation Based on MODIS Products and Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land(SEBAL) Model in Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2013年第1期23卷 73-91页

作者： DU Jia SONG Kaishan WANG Zongming ZHANG Bai LIU Dianwei Northeast Institute of Geography and agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences

In this study,the Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land(SEBAL) model and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) products from Terra satellite were combined with meteorological data to estimate evapotranspiration(ET) over the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast *** cover/land use was classified by using a recursive partitioning and regression tree with MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) time series data,which were reconstructed based on the Savitzky-Golay filtering *** MODIS product Quality Assessment Science Data Sets(QA-SDS) was analyzed and all scenes with valid data covering more than 75% of the Sanjiang Plain were selected for the SEBAL *** provided 12 overpasses during 184-day growing season from May 1st to October 31st,*** ET estimated by the SEBAL model was misestimaed at the range of-11.29% to 27.57% compared with that measured by Eddy Covariance system(10.52% on average).The validation results show that seasonal ET from the SEBAL model is comparable to that from ground observation within 8.86% of *** results reveal that the time series daily ET of different land cover/use increases from vegetation on-going until June or July and then decreases as vegetation *** ET is lower in dry farmland(average(Ave):491 mm) and paddy field(Ave:522 mm) and increases in wetlands to more than 586 *** expected,higher seasonal ET values are observed for the Xingkai Lake in the southeastern part of the Sanjiang Plain(Ave:823 mm),broadleaf forest(Ave:666 mm) and mixed wood(Ave:622 mm) in the southern/western Sanjiang *** ET estimation with SEBAL using MODIS products can provide decision support for operational water management issues.

关键词： evapotranspiration Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land (SEBAL) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiome-ter (MODIS) products Sanjiang Plain China

Validation of Global Evapotranspiration Product(MOD16) Using Flux Tower Data from Panjin Coastal Wetland,Northeast China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2018年第3期28卷 420-429页

作者： DU Jia SONG Kaishan Northeast Institute of Geography and agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Recent advances in remote sensing technology and methods have resulted in the development of an evapotranspiration(ET) product from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer(MOD16). The accuracy of this product however has not been tested for coastal wetland ecosystems. The objective of this study therefore is to validate the MOD16 ET product using data from one eddy covariance flux tower situated in the Panjin coastal wetland ecosystem within the Liaohe River Delta, Northeast China. Cumulative ET data over an eight-day period in 2005 from the flux tower was calculated to coincide with the MOD16 products across the same period. Results showed that data from the flux tower were inconsistent with that gained form the MOD16 ET. In general, results from Panjin showed that there was an underestimation of MOD16 ET in the spring and fall, with Biases of -2.27 and -3.53 mm/8 d, respectively(–40.58% and -49.13% of the observed mean). Results for Bias during the summer had a range of 1.77 mm/8 d(7.82% of the observed mean), indicating an overestimation of MOD16 ET. According to the RMSE, summer(6.14 mm/8 d) achieved the lowest value, indicating low accuracy of the MOD16 ET product. However, RMSE(2.09 mm/8 d) in spring was the same as that in the fall. Relationship between ET and its relevant meteorological parameters were analyzed. Results indicated a very good relationship between surface air temperature and ET. Meanwhile a significant relationship between wind speed and ET also existed. The inconsistent comparison of MOD16 and flux tower-based ET are mainly attributed to the parameterization of the Penman-Monteith model, flux tower measurement errors, and flux tower footprint vs. MODIS pixels.

关键词： Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer(MODIS) MOD16 evapotranspiration validation coastal wetland eddy covariance flux tower

Transfer of CrylAc and Cry2Ab proteins from genetically engineered Bt cotton to herbivores and predators

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Insect Science 2018年第5期25卷 823-832页

作者： Michael Meissle Jorg Romeis Agroscope Research Division agroecology and Environment Zurich Switzerland

With the cukivation of Bt cotton, the produced insecticidal Cry proteins are ingested by herbivores and potentially transferred along the food chain to natural enemies, such as predators. In laboratory experiments with Bollgard II cotton, concentrations of CrylAc and Cry2Ab were measured in Lepidoptera larvae （Spodoptera littoralis, Hello- this virescens）, plant bugs （Euschistus heros）, aphids （Aphis gossypii）, whiteflies （Bemisia tabaci）, thrips （ Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella occidentalis）, and spider mites （Tetranychus urticae）. Tritrophic experiments were conducted with caterpillars ofS. littoralis as prey and larvae of ladybird beetles （Harmonia axyridis, Adalia bipunctata） and lacewings （Chrysop- erla carnea） as predators. Immunological measurements （ELISA） indicated that herbivores feeding on Bt cotton contained 5%-50% of the Bt protein concentrations in leaves except whiteflies and aphids, which contained no or only traces of Bt protein, and spider mites, which contained 7 times more Cry 1Ac than leaves. Similarly, predators contained 1%-30% of the Cry protein concentration in prey. For the nontarget risk assessment, this indicates that Bt protein concentrations decrease considerably from one trophic level to the next in the food web, except for spider mites that contain Bt protein concentrations higher than those measured in the leaves. Exposure of phloem sucking hemipterans is negligible.

关键词： arthropod food web Bacillus thuringiensis Bt cotton Cry protein ELISA transgenic plants

Oxidative Stress and Role of Natural Plant Derived Antioxidants in Animal Reproduction

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第10期12卷 1826-1838页

作者： ZHONG Rong-zhen ZHOU Dao-wei Northeast Institute of Geography and agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The experimental knowledge on the role of oxidative stress,and beneficial and detrimental effects of plant derived antioxidants in male and female animal reproduction are reviewed in this *** radical-induced oxidative stress in animal reproduction causes great loss to livestock *** therapy has been implicated to be effective in preventing diseases resulted from oxidative *** the advantages of lower side effects of natural antioxidants than those of synthetic antioxidants,plants or their extracts have been extensively utilized in *** many advances have been gained on application of plant derived antioxidants in alleviating oxidative stress,debatable issues still *** many opposite effects were observed even using plant extracts containing similar bioactive substances in the same animal ***,plant derived antioxidants,like free radicals,are ＂double-edged swords＂ in animal reproduction,representing that they may exhibit beneficial or detrimental effects in animal reproduction,including spermatogenesis,semen functions,estrous cycles,ovulation,ovary functions,endometrium,embryo development,and *** dose-dependent manner as an explanation of plant extracts＇ dual function,future studies are needed to investigate the mechanism of double-edged actions of plant derived antioxidants in different animal reproduction systems.

关键词： oxidative stress plant extract antioxidant double-edged effect animal reproduction

Characterization of root-associated bacterial community structures in soybean and corn using locked nucleic acid(LNA) oligonucleotide-PCR clamping and 454 pyrosequencing

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第8期15卷 1883-1891页

作者： YU Zhen-hua YU Jiang Makoto Ikenaga Masao Sakai LIU Xiao-bing WANG Guang-hua Key Laboratory of Mollisols agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Agronomy Northeast Agricultural University Faculty of Agriculture Kagoshima University

supported in part by grants from the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences （XDB15010103）;the National Natural Science Foundation of China （41201247）

关键词： bacterial diversity high-throughput sequencing corn soybean SSU rRNA genes

CO_2 mitigation potential in farmland of China by altering current organic matter amendment pattern

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第9期53卷 1351-1357,1407-1417页

作者： CADISCH Georg Institute of Plant Production and agroecology in the Tropics and Subtropics University of Hohenheim

The estimation of the global warming mitigation potential in terrestrial ecosystems is of great importance for decision makers to adopt measures to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) as well as to reduce greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions. In this paper, we compiled data published in peer-reviewed journals, and conducted a holistic analysis of the effects of organic matter amendment on soil organic carbon sequestration, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in paddy and upland systems. Results showed that organic matter amendment increased soil organic carbon content, and apparent conversion rate of organic matter carbon to soil organic carbon in paddies was constant, while that in uplands decreased along with amendment years at 25 years time scale. Organic matter amendment during the rice season led to large CH4-C emissions, e.g on average 99.5 g CH4-C per kg organic carbon input under intermittent flood conditions, and 191.7 g CH4-C per kg organic carbon input under continuous flood conditions, respectively. By alteration of organic matter amendment from rice season to off-rice upland crop season, estimated CH4-C emissions in China could be cut by 3.5 Tg yr-1, accounting for 63% of current CH4-C emissions (5.5 Tg). If organic matter amendment percentage was increased from current 30% to future 50% of organic matter production and by alteration of organic matter amendment from rice season to off-rice upland crop season, the equivalent CO2-C mitigation potential in farmland of China would be 49.2 Tg yr-1 at the 10th year organic matter amendment and 36.0 Tg yr-1 at the 30th year amendment. These findings are important not only for China but also for the other rice production countries to increase farmland global warming mitigation.

关键词： climate change global warming radiative forcing SOC GHGs CH4 N2O