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Characterisation of the granular dynamics at the interface between a pipe and a granular flow in a rotating drum

Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 117-125页

作者： Francois Rioual Paule Emmanuelle Eva Gbehe Research unit FRISE National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and the Environment1 Rue Pierre Gilles De Gennes92160AntonyFrance

A new mobile bed heat exchanger is presented in this work which is composed of a flowing granular material in a rotating drum and a cylindrical pipe with potential interest in different energy applications as cooling,heating or heat recovery *** optimal design of the device requires a characterisation of the phenomena involved at the interface between the granular flow and the *** process is modelled by the discrete element method and a global classification of the flow patterns around the pipe is presented with respect to the three main control parameters of the problem:the Froude number,the diameter ratio and the relative filling height of the *** second part is devoted to the characterisation of the structure of the flow at the interface(velocity field,density field)in particular in a so-called Biflow regime where granular motion occurs above as well as below the pipe which is favourable to transfer by convection.A typical behavior at the interface with the pipe consists of a zone I with high velocities of particles at the top of the pipe,a second zone with quasistatic particles or low velocity particles at the front and at the bottom of the pipe and a last zone ll of depletion of particles at the back of the *** Froude number has a limited effect on the features of this structure on the first layer in the range of Froude numbers considered whereas the relative height is a more determinant parameter to control the relative magnitude of velocities in zone I and zone Il as well as the extent of the depletion *** first hydrodynamical characterisation can shed light on the dynamical regimes with improved transfer between the particles and the pipe boundary.

关键词： Granular flow Transfer Heat exchange Mobile bed Boundary condition

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Vermicompost:In situ retardant of antibiotic resistome accumulation in cropland soils

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 277-286页

作者： Meirui Mu Fengxia Yang Bingjun Han Guisheng Tian Keqiang Zhang Agro-Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsTianjin 300191China Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green agriculture in North China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P.R.ChinaBeijing 10083China Wuxue City agriculture and Rural Bureau Wuhan 435400China

The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)in soil has become a global environmental *** is gaining prominence in agricultural practices as a soil amendment to improve soil ***,its impact on soil ARGs remains unclear when it occurs in *** comprehensively explored the evolution and fate of ARGs and their hosts in the field soil profiles under vermicompost application for more than *** application increased several ARG loads in soil environment but decreased the high-risk bla-ARGs(bla_(ampC),bla_(NDM),and bla_(GES-1))by log(0.04-0.43).ARGs in soil amended with vermicompost primarily occurred in topsoil(approximately 1.04-fold of unfertilized soil),but it is worth noting that their levels in the 40-60 cm soil layer were the same or even less than in the unfertilized *** microbial community structure changed in soil profiles after vermicompost *** application altered the microbial community structure in soil profiles,showing that the dominant bacteria(i.e.,Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Firmicutes)were decreased 2.62%-5.48%with the increase of soil depth.A network analysis further revealed that most of ARG dominant host bacteria did not migrate from surface soil to deep *** particular,those host bacteria harboring high-risk bla-ARGs were primarily concentrated in the surface *** study highlights a lower risk of the propagation of ARGs caused by vermicompost application and provides a novel approach to reduce and relieve the dissemination of ARGs derived from animals in agricultural production.

关键词： Vermicompost application Antibiotic resistance genes Vertical migration Soil profile Agricultural soils

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Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics and Driving Forces of Winter Urban Heat Island:A Case Study of Rapid Urbanization Area of Fuzhou City,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2024年第1期34卷 135-148页

作者： WANG Zili LU Chunyan SU Yanlin SU Yue YU Qianru LI Wenzhe YANG Nuocheng College of Computer and Information Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China Key Laboratory of Smart agriculture and Forestry(Fujian agriculture and Forestry University) Fujian Province UniversityFuzhou350002China College of Forestry Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou350002China

Under the influence of anthropogenic and climate change,the problems caused by urban heat island(UHI)has become increasingly *** order to promote urban sustainable development and improve the quality of human settlements,it is significant for exploring the evolution characteristics of urban thermal environment and analyzing its driving *** the Landsat series images as the basic data sources,the winter land surface temperature(LST)of the rapid urbanization area of Fuzhou City in China was quantitatively retrieved from 2001 to *** comprehensively the standard deviation ellipse model,profile analysis and GeoDetector model,the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of the winter urban thermal environment were systematically *** results showed that the winter LST presented an increasing trend in the study area during 2001–2021,and the winter LST of the central urban regions was significantly higher than the *** was a strong UHI effect from 2001 to 2021with an expansion trend from the central urban regions to the suburbs and coastal areas in space *** LST of green lands and wetlands are significantly lower than croplands,artificial surface and unvegetated *** and water bodies had a significant mitigation effect on UHI,especially in the *** winter UHI had been jointly driven by the underlying surface and socio-economic factors in a nonlinear or two-factor interactive enhancement mode,and socio-economic factors had played a leading *** research could provide data support and decision-making references for rationally planning urban layout and promoting sustainable urban development.

关键词： winter urban heat island(UHI) rapid urbanization area land surface temperature(LST)retrieval profile analysis GeoDetector model Fuzhou City,China

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Elevated CO_(2) increases soil redox potential by promoting root radial oxygen loss in paddy field

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 11-20页

作者： Jie Li Han Zhang Wenyi Xie Cheng Liu Xiaoyu Liu Xuhui Zhang Lianqing Li Genxing Pan Institute of Resource Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China College of agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Soil redox potential(Eh)plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of soil *** its effect soil process and nutrients'availability under elevated atmospheric CO_(2) concentration and warming has seldom been ***,in this study,a field experiment was used to elucidate the effect of elevated CO_(2) concentration and warming on soil Eh,redox-sensitive elements and root radial oxygen loss(ROL).We hypothesized elevated CO_(2) and warming could alter soil Eh by promoting or inhibiting *** found that soil Eh in the rhizosphere was significantly higher than that of *** CO_(2) enhanced soil Eh by 11.5%,which corresponded to a significant decrease in soil Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)*** elevated CO_(2),the concentration of Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+)decreased by 14.7%and 13.7%,*** also found that elevated CO_(2) altered rice root aerenchyma structure and promoted rice root *** elevated CO_(2),rice root ROL increased by 79.5%and 112.2%for Yangdao 6 and Changyou 5,*** had no effect on soil Eh and rice root *** warming increased the concentration of Mn^(2+)and SO_(4)^(2-)by 4.9%and 19.3%,*** was a significant interaction between elevated CO_(2) and warming on Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).Under elevated CO_(2),warming had no effect on the concentration of Fe^(2+)but decreased Mn^(2+)concentration *** study demonstrated that elevated atmospheric CO_(2) in the future could increase soil Eh by promoting rice root ROL,which will alter some soil nutrients'availability,such as Fe^(2+)and Mn^(2+).

关键词： Atmospheric CO_(2)enrichment Global warming Soil redox potential FACE Rice root aerenchyma

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A plant growth chamber system equipped with aerosol generators for studying aerosol-vegetation interactions

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 122-132页

作者： Masao Gen Seiji Ikawa Masahiro Yamaguchi Fong Zyin Lim Takeshi Izuta I.Wuled Lenggoro Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan Faculty of agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki852-8521Japan Institute of agriculture Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509 Japan Department of Applied Physics and Chemical Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyKoganeiTokyo184-8588Japan Institute of Global Innovation Research Tokyo University of Agriculture and TechnologyFuchuTokyo183-8509Japan

Understanding aerosol-vegetation interactions is vital in ***,the interactions remain elusive partly due to the lack of suitable plant growth chamber ***,deposition of submicron particles on leaf surfaces is challenging due to its low deposition velocities compared to larger *** this work,we present a plant-growth chamber that was used to study the effect of sub-micron black carbon(BC)particles on the growth and photosynthesis of *** chamber system simultaneously enables the growth of multiple plants in pots and the deposition of submicron particles onto *** spraying methods assisted by ultrasonic and electrostatic forces were employed as aerosol generators to realize the particle *** flow regime inside the chamber was numeri-cally calculated to predict the transportation of aerosol particles,suggesting the optimal operating conditions of the *** gas-phase particle size distribution measurements showed that gener-ated BC particles were suspended in submicron diameter *** aerosol generators were examined in the chamber using three conductor and insulator substrates as a model of plant *** observations and spectroscopic analysis ascertained that submicron BC particles generated from our generators were deposited on all substrate *** the developed chamber system,systematic studies can be performed to advance the fundamental understanding of aerosol-vegetation interactions.

关键词： Aerosol Exposure chamber Spray drying Black carbon

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Estimating wheat spike-leaf composite indicator(SLI)dynamics by coupling spectral indices and machine learning

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 927-937页

作者： Haiyu Tao Ruiheng Zhou Yining Tang Wanyu Li Xia Yao Tao Cheng Yan Zhu Weixing Cao Yongchao Tian National Engineering and Technology Center for Information agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop System Analysis and Decision MakingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsJiangsu Key Laboratory for Information AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina

The contribution of spike photosynthesis to grain yield(GY)has been overlooked in the accurate spectral prediction of ***,it’s essential to construct and estimate a yield-related phenotypic trait considering spike *** on field and spectral reflectance data from 19 wheat cultivars under two nitrogen fertilization conditions in two years,our objectives were to(i)construct a yield-related phenotypic trait(spike–leaf composite indicator,SLI)accounting for the contribution of the spike to photosynthesis,(ii)develop a novel spectral index(enhanced triangle vegetation index,ETVI3)sensitive to SLI,and(iii)establish and evaluate SLI estimation models by integrating spectral indices and machine learning *** results showed that SLI was sensitive to nitrogen fertilizer and wheat cultivar variation as well as a better predictor of yield than the leaf area ***3 maintained a strong correlation with SLI throughout the growth stage,whereas the correlations of other spectral indices with SLI were poor after spike *** spectral indices and machine learning algorithms improved the estimation accuracy of SLI,with the most accurate estimates of SLI showing coefficient of determination,root mean square error(RMSE),and relative RMSE values of 0.71,0.047,and 26.93%,*** results provide new insights into the role of fruiting organs for the accurate spectral prediction of *** high-throughput SLI estimation approach can be applied for wheat yield prediction at whole growth stages and may be assisted with agronomical practices and variety selection.

关键词： Wheat spike photosynthesis Yield-related phenotypic trait Spectral indices Machine learning Estimation

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Nitrogen deposition mediates more stochastic processes in structuring plant community than soil microbial community in the Eurasian steppe

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 778-788页

作者： Wei Yang Shuhan Zhang Ang Li Junjie Yang Shuang Pang Zonghao Hu Zhiping Wang Xingguo Han Ximei Zhang Key Laboratory of Dryland agriculture Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in AgricultureChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

Anthropogenic environmental changes may affect community assembly through mediating both deterministic(e.g.,competitive exclusion and environmental filtering)and stochastic processes(e.g.,birth/death and dispersal/colonization).It is traditionally thought that environmental changes have a larger mediation effect on stochastic processes in structuring soil microbial community than aboveground plant community;however,this hypothesis remains largely *** we report an unexpected pattern that nitrogen(N)deposition has a larger mediation effect on stochastic processes in structuring plant community than soil microbial community(thoseunities caused by each treatment into the deterministic and stochastic components with a recently-developed *** nitrogen addition rate increased,the relative importance of stochastic component of plant community first increased and then decreased,while that of soil microbial community first decreased and then *** the whole,the relative importance of stochastic component was significantly larger in plant community(0.552±0.035;mean±standard error)than in microbial community(0.427±0.035).Consistently,the proportion of compositional variation explained by the deterministic soil and community indices was smaller for plant community(0.172–0.186)than microbial community(0.240–0.767).Meanwhile,as nitrogen addition rate increased,the linkage between plant and microbial community composition first became weaker and then became *** larger stochasticity in plant community relative to microbial

关键词： deterministic process environmental change grassland restoration nitrogen deposition stochastic process

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Genome-Wide Exploration of the Grape GLR Gene Family and Differential Responses of VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 to Low Temperature and Salt Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 533-549页

作者： Honghui Sun Ruichao Liu Yueting Qi Hongsheng Gao Xueting Wang Ning Jiang Xiaotong Guo Hongxia Zhang Chunyan Yu The Engineering Research Institute of agriculture and Forestry Ludong UniversityYantai264025China College of agriculture Ludong UniversityYantai264025China

Grapes,one of the oldest tree species globally,are rich in ***,environmental conditions such as low temperature and soil salinization signiﬁcantly affect grape yield and *** glutamate receptor(GLR)family,comprising highly conserved ligand-gated ion channels,regulates plant growth and development in response to *** this study,11 members of the VvGLR gene family in grapes were identiﬁed using whole-genome sequence *** methods were employed to analyze the basic physical and chemical properties,phylogenetic trees,conserved domains,motifs,expression patterns,and evolutionary *** and collinear analyses revealed that the VvGLRs were divided into three subgroups,showing the high conservation of the grape GLR *** members exhibited 2 glutamate receptor binding regions(GABAb and GluR)and 3-4 transmembrane regions(M1,M2,M3,and M4).Real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated the sensitivity of all VvGLRs to low temperature and salt *** localization studies in Nicotiana tabacum veriﬁed that VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 proteins were located on the cell membrane and cell ***,yeast transformation experiments conﬁrmed the functionality of VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 in response to low temperature and salt ***ﬁndings highlight the signiﬁcant role of the GLR family,a highly conserved group of ion channels,in enhancing grape stress *** study offers new insights into the grape GLR gene family,providing fundamental knowledge for further functional analysis and breeding of stress-resistant grapevines.

关键词： Genome-wide identiﬁcation glutamate receptor(GLR)family low temperature stress salt stress grape

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An examination of thematic research,development,and trends in remote sensing applied to conservation agriculture

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 77-95页

作者： Zobaer Ahmed Aaron Shew Lawton Nalley Michael Popp V.Steven Green Kristofor Brye Center for Advanced Spatial Technologies University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Environmental Dynamics Program University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness University of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA College of agriculture Arkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA University of Arkansas System Division of agriculture Little RockARUSA Department of Crop Soiland Environmental SciencesUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA

Conservation agriculture seeks to reduce environmental degradation through sustainable management of agricultural *** the 1990s,agricultural research has been conducted using remote sensing technologies;however,few previous reviews have been conducted focused on different conservation management *** of the previous literature has focused on the application of remote sensing in agriculture without focusing exclusively on conservation practices,with some only providing a narrative review,others using biophysical remote sensing for quantitative estimates of the bio-geo-chemical-physical properties of soils and crops,and few others focused on single agricultural management *** paper used the preferred reporting items for systematic review(PRISMA)methodology to examine the last 30 years of thematic research,development,and trends associated with remote sensing technologies and methods applied to conservation agriculture research at various spatial and temporal scales.A set of predefined key concepts and keywords were applied in three databases:Scopus,Web of Science,and Google Scholar.A total of 188 articles were compiled for initial examination,where 68 articles were selected for final analysis and grouped into cover crops,crop residue,crop rotation,mulching,and tillage *** on conservation agriculture research using remote sensing have been increasing since 1991 and peaked at 10 publications in *** the 68 articles,94%used a pixel-based,while only 6%used an object-based classification *** to 2005,tillage practices were abundantly studied,then crop residue was a focused theme between 2004 and *** 2012 to 2020,the focus shifted again to cover *** spectral indices were used in 76%of the 68 *** examination offered a summary of the new potential and identifies crucial future research needs and directions that could improve the contribution of remote sensing to the provision of long-term operat

关键词： Remote sensing Conservation agriculture Classification algorithm Spatial resolution Satellite Spectral indices PRISMA

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Transcription factor OsSPL10 interacts with OsJAmyb to regulate blast resistance in rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 301-307页

作者： Zaofa Zhong Lijing Zhong Xiang Zhu Yimin Jiang Yihong Zheng Tao Lan Haitao Cui College of Life Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsMinistry of EducationCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina

Transcription factors(TFs)play essential roles in transcriptional reprogramming during activation of plant immune responses to ***10(SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like10)is an important TF regulating trichome development and salt tolerance in *** we report that knockout of OsSPL10 reduces whereas its overexpression enhances rice resistance to blast ***10 positively regulates chitin-induced immune responses including reactive oxygen species(ROS)burst and callose *** show that OsSPL10 physically associates with OsJAmyb,an important TF involved in jasmonic acid(JA)signaling,and positively regulates its protein *** then prove that OsJAmyb positively regulates resistance to *** results reveal a molecular module consisting of OsSPL10 and OsJAmyb that positively regulates blast resistance.

关键词： Immunity Jasmonate Oryza sativa OsSPL10 Transcription factor

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