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Identification of a new stripe rust resistance gene in Chinese winter wheat Zhongmai 175

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第11期15卷 2461-2468页

作者： LU Jia-ling CHEN Can LIU Peng HE Zhong-hu XIA Xian-chun National Wheat Improvement Center/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Beijing 100081 P.R.China College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural University Hefei 230036 P.R. China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China office Beijing 100081 P.R. China

Stripe rust is a serious foliar disease posing a grave threat to wheat production worldwide. The most economical and environmentally friendly way to control this disease is to breed and deploy resistant cultivars. Zhongmai 175 is an elite winter wheat cultivar conferring resistance to a broad spectrum of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici（Pst） races. To identify the resistance gene in the cultivar, genetic analysis was conducted using the parents, F1, F2 and F2：3 populations derived from the cross of Lunxuan 987/Zhongmai 175. Segregations in the F2 and F2：3 populations indicated a single dominant gene conferring resistance to stripe rust in Zhongmai 175, temporarily designated Yr ZM175. Bulked segregant analysis（BSA） with wheat i Select 90 K SNP array determined a preliminary location of Yr ZM175. Subsequently, Yr ZM175 was mapped on chromosome 2AS using simple sequence repeats（SSR）, expressed sequence tags（EST） and newly-developed kompetitive allele specific PCR（KASP） markers, being flanked by Xgwm636 and Xwmc382 at genetic distances of 4.9 and 8.1 c M, respectively. Comparison of reaction patterns of Yr ZM175 on 23 Pst races or isolates and pedigree analysis with other genes on chromosome 2AS suggested that it is likely to be a new gene for resistance to stripe rust. The resistance gene and linked molecular markers will be useful in wheat breeding targeting for the improvement of stripe rust resistance.

关键词： molecular markers Puccinia striiformis SSR SNP Triticum aestivum

Synthetic hexaploid wheat and its utilization for wheat genetic improvement in China

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2009年第9期36卷 539-546页

作者： Wuyun Yang Dengcai Liu Jun Li Lianquan Zhang Huiting Wei Xiaorong Hu Youliang Zheng Zhouhu He Yuchun Zou Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science Chengdu 610066 China. Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Dujiangyan city 611830 China Institute of Crop Science/National Wheat Improvement Centre Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Beijing 100081 China CIMMYT China office clo CAAS Beijing 100081 China Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qinghai 810001 China

Synthetic hexaploid wheat （Triticum turgidum x Aegilops tauschii） was created to explore for novel genes from T. turgidum and Ae. tauschii that can be used for common wheat improvement. In the present paper, research advances on the utilization of synthetic hexaploid wheat for wheat genetic improvement in China are reviewed. Over 200 synthetic hexaploid wheat （SHW） accessions from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre （CIMMYT） were introduced into China since 1995. Four cultivars derived from these, Chuanmai 38, Chuanmai 42, Chuanmai 43 and Chuanmai 47, have been released in China. Of these, Chuanmai 42, with large kernels and resistance to stripe rust, had the highest average yield （〉 6 t/ha） among all cultivars over two years in Sichuan provincial yield trials, outyielding the commercial check cultivar Chuanmai 107 by 22,7%. Meanwhile, by either artificial chromosome doubling via colchicine treatment or spontaneous chromosome doubling via a union of unreduced gametes （2n） from T. turgidum-Ae, tauschii hybrids, new SHW lines were produced in China. Mitotic-like meiosis might be the cytological mechanism of spontaneous chromosome doubling. SHW lines with genes for spontaneous chromosome doubling may be useful for producing new SHW-alien amphidiploids and double haploid in wheat genetic improvement.

关键词： Aegilops tauschii synthetic hexaploid wheat disease resistance genetic diversity wheat breeding unreduced gametes

Effects of geometric design of forest road and roadside vegetation on traffic noise reduction

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第2期27卷 463-468页

作者： Seyed Ata Ollah Hosseini Seyran Zandi Asghar Fallah Mehran Nasiri Department of Forestry and Forest Economics Faculty of Natural Resources University of Tehran Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural Resources Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources Alborz Road Development and Construction Corporation Civil Engineers office

Geometric design of forest roads and design of their landscapes can reduce noise pollution and its harmful effects on human health. We investigated the effects of technical and biological parameters such as geometric road design and various roadside tree stands on reducing noise pollution according to the tree density and distance from roadway in Darabkola Forests, Sari, Iran. We recorded the noise generated by a car （Land Rover） relative to changes in longitudinal slope, horizontal curve radius and type of road pavement. We also measured noise levels according to roadside tree density and stand type （coniferous and hardwood） in 40 rectangular plots of three widths （25, 100 and 300 m） and 50 m length that were randomly demar- cated along forest roads. The changes in noise level were recorded using a decibel meter with an accuracy of q-1.5 dB and resolution of 0.1 dB. Noise levels were higher alongside unpaved roads than alongside paved roads. There was an inverse relationship between the measured noise level and horizontal curve radius. The rate of noise level on horizontal curve with a radius less than 30, 30-45 m and more than 45 m were 64.8, 70.8 and 75.9 dB, respectively. The noise level increased with the increasing longitudinal slope of the road. There was a significant difference between the noise level on slopes less than 3 % （67 dB） and 3-8 % （71.2 dB） in comparison with slopes greater than 8 % （77.8 dB）, （p 〈 0.05）. Pinus brutia L. reduced the noise level more （about 6 dB） in stands of 1/3 density of mixed hardwoods within 25 m from middle of the road. Careful design of geometric properties of forest roads as well as planting coniferous trees with hardwoods is a suitable solution for reducing noise pollution.

关键词： Forest road Noise pollution Noise level Vegetation Distribution

Contribution of Garcinia kola to the Productivity and Economic Profitability of the Community agricultural Area of Kedougou: Financial and Comparative Analysis of Production Factors

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Journal of agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 54-66页

作者： Cheikh Sarr Ngor Ndour Abdoulaye Badji Ousmane Ndiaye Hamet Diadhiou Laboratory of Agroforestry and Plant Production Assane Seck University of Ziguinchor Ziguinchor Senegal Enda ECOPOP/Tambacounda Regional office Tambacounda Senegal Laboratory of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences National High School of Agriculture Thies Senegal Senegalese Institute of Agriculture Research Oceanographic Research Center of Dakar Thiaroye Dakar Senegal

Inland fishing predominates in the Kedougou region, which has no coastline. This type of fishing does not yet meet the local population’s demand for fish products. In response to this concern, a Community agricultural Estate housing an integrated fish farm was set up in the commune of Bandafassi, in the village of Itato. Since its creation, this production unit has been faced with the problem of sourcing high-quality, low-cost, monosex male Oreochromis niloticus fry. In order to overcome this constraint, the present research focuses on the contribution of Garcinia kola to the productivity and economic profitability of the Itato farm. The aim of the research is to assess fish production in the experimental set-up and the production costs of tilapia in a controlled environment. The comparative study of the various production factors shows disparities only in the input factor, where scenarios 2 and 3 use additional products. These are 17-α-methytestosterone for scenario 2 and Garcinia kola for scenario 3. These products significantly interfere with fish production, with a fairly high mortality rate for scenario 2 (25% for two production cycles/ cohort2 (B5, B6, B7 and B8) treated with 17-α-methytestosterone). As for scenarios 1 and 3, mortalities are 5% with or without recourse to additional products (G. kola). In addition, average fish production for the three (03) scenarios is estimated at 28687.5 kg/2 cycles. It varies from one scenario to another, i.e. 30937.5 kg/2 cycles for scenarios 1 and 3 and 24187.5 kg/2 cycles for scenario 2. It is therefore higher in scenarios 1 and 3 than in scenario 2. This difference is due to the fairly large losses of individuals in scenario 2. Furthermore, the analysis of the profit and loss accounts for tilapia production varies from one scenario to another depending on the type of farm: 476 Franc CFA for scenario 1, 610 Franc CFA for scenario 2 and 472 Franc CFA for scenario 3 (F CFA = franc of the French Colonies of Africa). The Av

关键词： Farm Typology Economic Profitability 17-α-Methytestosterone Garcinia kola Fish Farming Tilapia

A general model for “germplasm-omics”data sharing and mining:a case study of SoyFGB v2.0

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Science Bulletin 2022年第17期67卷 1716-1719页

作者： Tianqing Zheng Yinghui Li Yanfei Li Shengrui Zhang Tianli Ge Chunchao Wang Fan Zhang Muhiuddin Faruquee Lina Zhang Xiangyun Wu Yu Tian Shan Jiang Jianlong Xu Lijuan Qiu Institute of Crop Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China International Rice Research Institute Bangladesh OfficeDhaka 1213Bangladesh

Soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)is a crop that originated in *** is one of the most important sources of edible vegetable protein and oil,and it has become a model legume species in genomic *** gene banks,such as the National Crop Genebank of China(NCGC)and the United States Department of Agriculture-agricultural Research Service(USDA-ARS)Soybean Germplasm Collection.

关键词：数据共享 China. agricultural

QTL Mapping for Adult-Plant Resistance to Stripe Rust in a Common Wheat RIL Population Derived from Chuanmai 32/Chuanyu 12

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第11期11卷 1775-1782页

作者： WU Ling XIA Xian-chun ZHENG You-liang ZHANG Zheng-yu ZHU Hua-zhong LIU Yong-j ian YANG En-nian LI Shi-zhao HE Zhong-hu Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science Chengdu 610066 P.R. China Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement Center/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Beijing 100081 P.R.China Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 P..R. China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) China office/Chinese Academy of agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R China Plant Protection Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science Chengdu 610066 P.R.China College of Agriculture Siehuan Agricultural University Chengdu 611130 P.R.China

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is a devastating wheat disease worldwide. The Chinese wheat cultivar Chuanmai 32 has shown stable resistance to stripe rust for 10 yr in Sichuan Province, a hotspot for stripe rust epidemics. The objective of the present study was to map quantitative trait loci （QTL） for adult-plant resistance （APR） to stripe rust in a population of 140 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from Chuanmai 32/Chuanyu 12. Field trials were conducted in Chengdu and Yaan, Sichuan, from 2005 to 2008, providing stripe rust reaction data for 6 environments. 797 simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers were screened for association with stripe rust reaction, initially through bulked segregant analysis （BSA）. Based on the mean disease values averaged across environments, the broad-sense heritability of maximum disease severity （MDS） was 0.75. Two QTLs for stripe rust resistance were detected by composite interval mapping （CIM）. They were designated ***-3BL and ***-3BS and explained from 6.6 to 20.1%, respectively, of the phenotypic variance across environments. ***-3BL came from Chuanmai 32; ***-3BS with lower effect was from the susceptible parent Chuanyu 12. Both QTLs appear to be new.

关键词： APR Triticum aestivum microsatellites quanitative trait locus yellow rust

QTL mapping of seedling biomass and root traits under different nitrogen conditions in bread wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第5期20卷 1180-1192页

作者： YANG Meng-jiao WANG Cai-rong Muhammad Adeel HASSAN WU Yu-ying XIA Xian-chun SHI Shu-bing XIAO Yong-gui HE Zhong-hu College of Agriculture Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052P.R.China National Wheat Improvement Centre Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081P.R.China Institute of agricultural Science of Yili Prefecture Yining 835000P.R.China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre(CIMMYT)China office c/o CAASBeijing 100081P.R.China

Plant nitrogen assimilation and use efficiency in the seedling's root system are beneficial for adult plants in field condition for yield *** of the genetic basis between root traits and N uptake plays a crucial role in wheat *** the present study,198 doubled haploid lines from the cross of Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 were used to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs)underpinning four seedling biomass traits and five root system architecture(RSA)related *** plants were grown under hydroponic conditions with control,low and high N treatments(Ca(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O at 0,0.05 and 2.0 mmol L^(-1),respectively).Significant variations among the treatments and genotypes,and positive correlations between seedling biomass and RSA traits(r=0.20 to 0.98)were *** composite interval mapping based on a high-density map from the Wheat 660 K single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)array identified 51 QTLs from the three N *** new QTLs detected on chromosomes 1 AL(1)in the control,1 DS(2)in high N treatment,4 BL(5)in low and high N treatments,and 7 DS(3)and 7 DL(1)in low N treatments,are first reported in influencing the root and biomass related traits for N *** most stable QTLs(***-4 DS)on chromosome 4 DS,which were related to ratio of root to shoot dry weight trait,was in close proximity of the Rht-D1 gene,and it showed high phenotypic effects,explaining 13.1%of the phenotypic ***-eight QTLs were clustered in 12 genetic *** markers tightly linked to two important QTLs clusters C10 and C11 on chromosomes 6 BL and 7 BL were converted to kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)assays that underpin important traits in root development,including root dry weight,root surface area and shoot dry *** QTLs,clusters and KASP assays can greatly improve the efficiency of selection for root traits in wheat breeding programmes.

关键词： KASP marker QTL analysis root traits SNP array Triticum aestivum

Impact of Growing Income Inequality on Sustainable Development in China: A Provincial-level Analysis

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2006年第1期4卷 23-32页

作者： Nico Heerink Ma Jia International Food Policy Research Institute（IFRRI） Beijing OfficeCAASBeijing 10081China International Center for agricultural and Rural Development（ICARD） CAAS-IFRRIBeijing 10081China

A growing body of literature has documented the rapidly increasing Income disparities that accompanied China's economic growth in the 1980s and 1990s, and the driving factors behind this. Growing income inequality in its turn may have important implications for the accumulation of physical capital, human capital, and natural capital and as a consequence for sustainable economic development. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential impact of income inequality on savings, human resources and the environment in China. It starts with an overview of the different causal mechanisms through which income inequality may affect the accumulation of physical capital, human capital, and natural capital, and discusses to what extent these causal relationships may be relevant in the case of China. Next, provincial data for the year 2002 are used to explore the relationship between income inequality and different elements of sustainable development in China. It is found that income inequality does not affect aggregate savings levels. Rising inequality, however, contributes to lower health and possibly also to higher fertility levels. It also lowers the use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture and therefore is likely to reduce water pollution. Other types of environmental degradation are not affected.

关键词： Income inequaliy health education savings environment China

Catalytic fast pyrolysis of corn stover in a fluidized bed heated by hot flue gas:Physicochemical properties of bio-oil and its application

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第5期10卷 226-233页

作者： Yang Wen Fu Peng Yi Weiming College of Engineering Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China President’s office Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000ShandongChina School of agricultural and Food Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000ShandongChina Shandong Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Clean Energy Zibo 255000ShandongChina

Fast pyrolysis of corn stover was performed at temperatures in the range of 450℃-525℃ in a fluidized *** chemical composition of the bio-oil acquired was analyzed by GC/MS,and its pH,kinetic viscosity and calorific values were *** the pyrolysis system used in this experiment,some improvements to former pyrolysis systems were *** screw feeders were used to prevent jamming the feeding system,and the condenser was equipped with some nozzles and a heat exchanger to cool quickly the cleaned hot gas into *** results showed that the bio-oil yield increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature and then declined with a further increase in pyrolysis *** highest bio-oil yield of 43.3 wt.%was obtained at 500℃ with the dolomite as bed *** char yield always decreased with the increase of *** major chemical compounds of bio-oil included acetol,butanone,acetic acid,propionic acid,ethylene glycol,phenol,*** oil was completely immiscible in diesel,but homogeneous emulsions were obtained when mixing the pyrolysis oil,emulsifier with diesel in different ratios.

关键词： corn stover pyrolysis bio-oil fluidized bed hot flue gas GC/MS