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Cold storage alters the fat-trehalose trade-off,decreases the flight ability,and maintains the high survival rate and flight speed of Osmia excavata(Hymenoptera:Megachilidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 927-936页

作者： Yingying Song Li Liu Fang Ouyang Hongying Cui Wenxiu Guo Suhong Lv Baohua Ye Lili Li Yi Yu Xingyuan Men institute of Plant Protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinanChina College of Plant Protection Shandong Agricultural UniversityJinanChina State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBejingChina

Osmia solitary bees are important pollinators of various crops *** has been widely used to synchronize the emergence time of Osmia species from cocoons with the blooming time of different crops,but the fitness of Osmia after refrigeration remains ***,the effects of long-term refrigeration at 0℃on the vitality,flight ability,and metabolism of Osmia excavata,which is known as the"king of pollination"in China,were *** survival rate(>90%before 120 d),weight loss rate(<15%after 170 d),and mean flight speed of *** were not greatly affected after long-term *** content of fats,which have antifreeze and energy storage properties,was not significantly altered in *** before 130 d of refrigeration,which might explain why the survival rates and flight speed of *** remained high after long-term ***,the flight duration and distance decreased significantly(P<0.05),and both were positively correlated with the reduced trehalose levels in ***(r=[+0.69]-[+0.71];P<0.05).Overall,these findings indicate that the pollination potential of *** for various crops with different flowering periods is high after long-term refrigeration;however,long-term refrigeration may decrease pollination *** findings highlight new research directions that could improve the ecological service function of refrigerated ***.

关键词： ecological service value flight ability Osmia pollination efficiency refrigeration vitality

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In-depth analysis of Bt cotton adoption:farmers'opinions,genetic landscape,and varied perspectives——a case study from Pakistan

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第3期7卷 277-288页

作者： SHAHZAD Rahil JAMIL Shakra CHAUDHRY Urooj Fatima RAHMAN Sajid Ur IQBAL Muhammad Zaffar Genetically Modified Organisms Development and Testing Laboratory Agricultural Biotechnology Research InstituteAyub Agricultural Research InstituteFaisalabadPunjab 38000Pakistan Centre of Excellence for Olive Research and Trainings(CEFORT) BaraniAgricultural Research InstituteChakwalPunjabPakistan

Background Bt technology has played significant role in controlling bollworms and increasing cotton yield in earlier days of its introduction,a subsequent decline in yield became apparent over *** decline may be attributed to various environmental factors,pest dynamics,or combination of ***,the present biophysical survey and questionnaire were designed to evaluate the impact of Bt cotton on bollworms management and its effect on reducing spray costs,targeting farmers with varied landholdings and educational ***,data on farmers'cultivated varieties and the prevalence of bollworms and sucking insects in their fields were ***,about eleven thousand cotton samples from farmer fields were tested for Cry1Ac,Cry2Ab and Vip3A genes by strip *** In this analysis,83% of the farmers planting approved varieties believe that Bt technology control bollworms,while 17% hold contradictory ***,among farmers cultivating unapproved varieties,77% agree on effectiveness of Bt technology against bollworms,while 23% *** the other hand,67% of farmers planting approved varieties believe that Bt technology does not reduce spray costs,while 33% agree with the ***,78% of farmers cultivating unapproved varieties express doubt regarding its role to reduce spray costs,while 22% are in favour of this *** in opinions on the effectiveness of Bt cotton in controlling bollworms and reducing spray cost between farmers planting unapproved and approved varieties may stem from several *** major cause is the heavy infestation of sucking insects,which is probably due to the narrow genetic variation of the cultivated ***,the widespread cultivation of unapproved varieties(21.67%)is also an important factor to cause different opinions on the effectiveness of Bt *** Based on our findings,we propose that the ineffective control of pests on cotton crop may

关键词： Bollworms Cry1Ac Cry2Ab Cotton Farmer's perception Purposive sampling Sucking insects Unapproved varieties Vip3A

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Synergistic effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Isaria javanica and low doses of dinotefuran on the efficient control of the rice pest Sogatella furcifera

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 621-638页

作者： Tingting Zhou Qian Zhao Chengzhou Li Lu Ye Yanfang Li Nemat OKeyhani Zhen Huang Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection Plant Protection Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510642China Department of Microbiology and Cell Science Institute of Food and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of FloridaFL 32611USA

The rice planthopper,Sogatella furcifera,is a piercing-sucking insect pest of rice,Oryza *** is responsible for significant crop yield losses,and has developed moderate to high resistance to several commonly used chemical *** investigated the effects of the insect fungal pathogen Isaria javanica,alone and in combination with the chemical insecticide dinotefuran,on *** under both laboratory and field *** results show that *** displays high infection efficiency and mortality for different stages of ***,reducing adult survival,female oviposition and ovary *** bioassays showed that the combined use of *** with a low dose(4-16 mg L^(-1))of dinotefuran resulted in higher mortality in *** than the use of *** or dinotefuran *** combined treatment also had more significant effects on several host enzymes,including superoxide dismutase,catalase,peroxidase,and prophenol oxidase *** field trials,*** effectively suppressed populations of rice planthoppers to low levels(22-64%of the level in untreated plots).Additional field experiments showed synergistic effects,i.e.,enhanced efficiency,for the control of *** populations using the combination of a low dose of ***(1×10^(4) conidia mL^(-1))and a low dose of dinotefuran(~4.8-19.2%of normal field use levels),with control effects of>90%and a population level under 50 insects per 100 hills at 3-14 days *** findings indicate that the entomogenous fungus *** offers an attractive biological control addition as part of the integrated pest management(IPM)practices for the control of rice plant pests.

关键词： Isaria javanica Sogatella furcifera entomopathogenic fungus white planthopper rice synergistic effect on pest control

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R2R3-type Lo MYB21 affects jasmonate-regulated development and dehiscence of anthers in lily(Lilium oriental hybrids)

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 239-251页

作者： Zheng Tong Tingting Dong Qiuhua Li Rui Wang Junna He Bo Hong institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences&Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural ResourcesHaikouHainan 571101China Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops Department of Ornamental HorticultureChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Beijing Garden Expo Management Center Beijing 100072China

Lilies are widely cultivated for cut flowers,but their large anthers carry a considerable amount of colored pollen that is dispersed *** the molecular mechanism of anther development and dehiscence could help solve this ***21,encoding a putative R2R3v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog(MYB)transcription factor,was identified from oriental lilies(Lilium‘Siberia’).Real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that LoMYB21 was mainly expressed in the anther,filament and stigma and had high expression during the late stages of lily anther ***21 had transactivation activity and was located in the nucleus through yeast one-hybrid assays and transient expression in Nicotiana *** of LoMYB21 by virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)in Lilium‘Siberia’led to anther indehiscence and reduced the expression of genes related to Jasmonate acid(JA)biosynthesis and signal *** of LoMYB21 in DEX::LoMYB21 transgenic Arabidopsis caused procumbent inflorescences that became infertile,accompanied by higher expression of JA biosynthetic and signaling *** results demonstrated that JA content and signaling were abnormal in silenced lily and transgenic LoMYB21 Arabidopsis,which affected anther *** study indicated that LoMYB21 could regulate lily anther dehiscence through JA biosynthesis and signaling during the late stages of anther development.

关键词： Lilium LoMYB21 Anther dehiscence Jasmonate acid

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Engineering high amylose and resistant starch in maize by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing of starch branching enzymes

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1252-1258页

作者： Mingzheng Ma Shanqiu Sun Jinjie Zhu Xiantao Qi Gaoke Li Jianguang Hu Chuanxiao Xie Changlin Liu State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab Sanya 572024HainanChina Anhui agricultural University Hefei 230036AnhuiChina Crops Research institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640GuangdongChina

To improve the amylose content(AC)and resistant starch content(RSC)of maize kernel starch,we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 system to create mutants of starch branching enzyme I(SBEI)and starch branching enzyme IIb(SBEIIb).A frameshift mutation in SBEI(E1,a nucleotide insertion in exon 6)led to plants with higher RSC(1.07%),lower hundred-kernel weight(HKW,24.71±0.14 g),and lower plant height(PH,218.50±9.42 cm)compared to the wild type(WT).Like the WT,E1 kernel starch had irregular,polygonal shapes with sharp edges.A frameshift mutation in SBEIIb(E2,a four-nucleotide deletion in exon 8)led to higher AC(53.48%)and higher RSC(26.93%)than that for the WT.E2 kernel starch was significantly different from the WT regarding granule morphology,chain length distribution pattern,X-ray diffraction pattern,and thermal characteristics;the starch granules were more irregular in shape and comprised typical B-type *** SBEI and SBEIIb(E12)had a synergistic effect on RSC,HKW,PH,starch properties,and starch biosynthesis-associated gene ***,SS1,SSIIa,SSIIIa,and SSIIIb were upregulated in E12 endosperm compared to WT *** study lays the foundation for rapidly improving the starch properties of elite maize lines.

关键词： Maize Gene editing Starch branching enzyme I Starch branching enzyme IIb

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Three decades and beyond:Breeding,biotech breakthroughs and future of China's GM insect-resistant cotton

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第10期23卷 3243-3249页

作者： Chengzhen Liang Shuangxia Jin Youth Editorial Board of JIA Biotechnology Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of Plant Science & Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Cotton(Gossypium spp.)is a pivotal crop in the global textile industry,providing essential natural ***,cottonseed offers significant value as a source of oil and as feed for livestock(Huang et al.2021;Wen et al.2023).The sector,dependent on cotton,features a comprehensive value chain extending from the processing of fibers to the production of finished textiles,and it employs tens of millions of individuals(Dorward et al.1970).

关键词： breakthrough cotton finished

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Improving error-correcting capability in DNA digital storage via soft-decision decoding

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 135-144页

作者：丁璐璐伍世刚候志浩李阿伦许亚苹冯虎潘玮华阮珏 Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural University

Error-correcting codes(ECCs) employed in the state-of-the-art DNA digital storage(DDS) systems suffer from a trade-off between error-correcting capability and the proportion of redundancy. To address this issue, in this study, we introduce soft-decision decoding approach into DDS by proposing a DNA-specific error prediction model and a series of novel strategies. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through a proof-of-concept DDS system based on Reed-Solomon(RS) code, named as Derrick. Derrick shows significant improvement in error-correcting capability without involving additional redundancy in both in vitro and in silico experiments, using various sequencing technologies such as Illumina, Pac Bio and Oxford Nanopore Technology(ONT). Notably, in vitro experiments using ONT sequencing at a depth of 7× reveal that Derrick, compared with the traditional hard-decision decoding strategy, doubles the error-correcting capability of RS code, decreases the proportion of matrices with decoding-failure by 229-fold, and amplifies the potential maximum storage volume by impressive 32 388-fold. Also, Derrick surpasses ‘state-of-the-art' DDS systems by comprehensively considering the information density and the minimum sequencing depth required for complete information recovery. Crucially, the soft-decision decoding strategy and key steps of Derrick are generalizable to other ECCs' decoding algorithms.

关键词： DNA digital storage (DDS) error-correcting code (ECC) soft-decision decoding error-correcting capability storage volume

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BSAlign:A Library for Nucleotide Sequence Alignment

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第2期22卷 135-142页

作者： Haojing Shao Jue Ruan Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China

Increasing the accuracy of the nucleotide sequence alignment is an essential issue in genomics *** classic dynamic programming(DP)algorithms(e.g.,Smith–Waterman and Needleman–Wunsch)guarantee to produce the optimal result,their time complexity hinders the application of large-scale sequence *** optimization efforts that aim to accelerate the alignment process generally come from three perspectives:redesigning data structures[e.g.,diagonal or striped Single Instruction Multiple Data(SIMD)implementations],increasing the number of parallelisms in SIMD operations(e.g.,difference recurrence relation),or reducing search space(e.g.,banded DP).However,no methods combine all these three aspects to build an ultra-fast *** this study,we developed a Banded Striped Aligner(BSAlign)library that delivers accurate alignment results at an ultra-fast speed by knitting a series of novel methods together to take advantage of all of the aforementioned three perspectives with highlights such as active F-loop in striped vectorization and striped move in banded *** applied our new acceleration design on both regular and edit distance pairwise *** achieved 2-fold speed-up than other SIMD-based implementations for regular pairwise alignment,and 1.5-fold to 4-fold speed-up in edit distance-based implementations for long *** is implemented in C programing language and is available at https://***/ruanjue/bsalign.

关键词： Pairwise alignment Edit distance Striped vectorization Banded dynamic programming F evaluation

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Effect of chemical regulators on the recovery of leaf physiology,dry matter accumulation and translocation,and yield-related characteristics in winter wheat following dry-hot wind

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 108-121页

作者： Yanan Xu Yue Wu Yan Han Jiqing Song Wenying Zhang Wei Han Binhui Liu Wenbo Bai institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China institute of Dryland Farming Research Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesHengshui 053000China Shandong General Station of agricultural Technology Extension Jinan 250100China

Dry-hot wind stress causes losses in wheat productivity in major growing regions worldwide,especially winter wheat in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China,and both the occurrence and severity of such events are likely to increase with global climate *** investigate the recovery of physiological functions and yield formation using a new noncommercial chemical regulator(NCR)following dry-hot wind stress,we conducted a three-year field experiment(2018-2021)with sprayed treatments of tap water(control),monopotassium phosphate(CKP),NCR at both the jointing and flowering stages(CFS),and NCR only at the jointing stage(FSJ)or flowering stage(FSF).The leaf physiology,biomass accumulation and translocation,grain-filling process,and yield components in winter wheat were *** the single spraying treatments,the FSJ treatment was beneficial for the accumulation of dry matter before anthesis,as well as larger increases in the maximum grain-filling rate and mean grain-filling *** FSF treatment performed better in maintaining a high relative chlorophyll content as indicated by the SPAD value,and a low rate of excised leaf water loss in flag leaves,promoting dry matter accumulation and the contribution to grain after anthesis,prolonging the duration of grain filling,and causing the period until the maximum grain-filling rate reached *** CFS treatment was better than any other treatments in relieving the effects of dry-hot *** exogenous NCR treatments significantly increased grain yields by 12.45-18.20% in 2018-2019,8.89-13.82% in 2019-2020,and 8.10-9.00% in *** conventional measure of the CKP treatment only increased grain yield by 6.69% in *** CFS treatment had the greatest mitigating effect on yield loss under dry-hot wind stress,followed by the FSF and FSJ treatments,and the CKP treatment only had a minimal *** summary,the CFS treatment could be used as the main chemical control measure for wheat stress resistance and yield

关键词： preparation stress foliar spraying grain-filling remobilization

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Effects of dense planting patterns on photosynthetic traits of different vertical layers and yield of wheat under different nitrogen rates

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 594-604页

作者： Cuicun Wang Ke Zhang Qing Liu Xiufeng Zhang Zhikuan Shi Xue Wang Caili Guo Qiang Cao Yongchao Tian Yan Zhu Xiaojun Liu Weixing Cao National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina MOE Engineering Research Center of Smart agricultural Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina MARA Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision Making Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina institute of Smart Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina

A two-year field experiment was conducted to measure the effects of densification methods on photosynthesis and yield of densely planted ***-plant and inter-row distances were used to define ratefixed pattern(RR)and row-fixed pattern(RS)density ***,four nitrogen(N)rates(0,144,192,and 240 kg N ha-1,termed N0,N144,N192,and N240)were applied with three densities(225,292.5,and 360×10^(4)plants ha^(-1),termed D225,D292.5,and D360).The wheat canopy was clipped into three equal vertical layers(top,middle,and bottom layers),and their chlorophyll density(Ch D)and photosynthetically active radiation interception(FIPAR)were *** showed that the response of Ch D and FIPAR to N rate,density,and pattern varied with different layers.N rate,density,and pattern had significant interaction effects on Ch *** maximum values of whole-canopy Ch D in the two seasons appeared in N240 combined with D292.5 and D360 under RR,*** two growing seasons,FIPAR values of RR were higher than those of RS by 29.37%for the top layer and 5.68%for the middle layer,while lower than those of RS by 20.62%for the bottom layer on *** a low N supply(N0),grain yield was not significantly affected by density for both *** N240,increasing density significantly increased yield under RR,but D360 of RS significantly decreased yield by 3.72%and 9.00%versus D225 in two seasons,*** an appropriate and sufficient N application,RR increased the yield of densely planted wheat more than ***,the maximum yield in two seasons appeared in the combination of D360 with N144 or N192 rather than of D225 with N240 under both patterns,suggesting that dense planting combined with an appropriate N-reduction application is feasible to increase photosynthesis capacity and yield.

关键词： Chlorophyll density Densification method Nitrogen Photosynthetically active radiation interception Wheat

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