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Effects of substituting chemical fertilizers with manure on rice yield and soil labile nitrogen in paddy fields of China: A meta-analysis

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Pedosphere 2023年第1期33卷 172-184页

作者： Qiong HOU Yuemin NI Shan HUANG Ting ZUO Jian WANG Wuzhong NI College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and EnvironmentHangzhou 310058China Agricultural Experimental Station Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Substituting chemical fertilizers with manure is an important method for efficient nutrient management in rice cropping systems of China.Labile nitrogen(N)is the most active component of the soil N pool and plays an essential role in soil fertility.However,the effects of manure substitution on soil labile N in rice cropping systems and their relationships with soil properties,fertilization practices,and climatic conditions remain unclear and should be systematically quantified.Here,we investigated rice grain yield and four types of soil labile N that have been widely reported,including available nitrogen(AN),ammonium nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(−)-N),and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN).We reviewed 187 published articles and performed a meta-analysis to quantify the effects of manure substitution on yield and soil labile N.The results showed that manure substitution increased AN,MBN,NH+4-N,and NO−3-N by 11.3%,38.5%,5.9%,and 8.1%,respectively.Partial substitution significantly increased the yield by 1.4%–5.9%,but full substitution significantly decreased the yield by 2.9%.The positive effects of manure substitution on yield and AN were stronger with long-term fertilization.The differences in responses varied across specific manure types,N application rates,soil properties,and climatic factors.In conclusion,manure substitution can increase soil labile N and is regarded as an efficient strategy for improving soil N fertility and a recommended measure for applying both chemical and organic fertilizers in rice systems.This study provides evidence of the effects of manure substitution on yield enhancement by increasing soil labile N.

关键词： available nitrogen climatic factors fertilization practices manure substitution microbial biomass nitrogen soil properties

Subsoiling and Ridge Tillage Alleviate the High Temperature Stress in Spring Maize in the North China Plain

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第12期12卷 2179-2188页

作者： TAO Zhi-qiang SUI Peng CHEN Yuan-quan LI Chao NIE Zi-jin YUAN Shu-fen SHI Jiang-tao GAO Wang-sheng College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural University Wuqiao experimental station China Agricultural University

High temperature stress（HTS） on spring maize（Zea mays L.） during the filling stage is the key factor that limits the yield increase in the North China Plain（NCP）.Subsoiling（SS） and ridge tillage（R） were introduced to enhance the ability of spring maize to resist HTS during the filling stage.The field experiments were conducted during the 2011 and 2012 maize growing seasons at Wuqiao County,Hebei Province,China.Compared with rotary tillage（RT）,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate,and chlorophyll relative content（SPAD） of maize leaves was increased by 40.0,42.6,12.8,and 29.7% under SS,and increased by 20.4,20.0,5.4,and 14.2% under R,repectively.However,the treatments reduce the intercellular CO 2 concentration under HTS.The SS and R treatments increased the relative water content（RWC） by 11.9 and 6.2%,and the water use efficiency（WUE） by 24.3 and 14.3%,respectively,compared with RT.The SS treatment increased the root length density and soil moisture in the 0-80 cm soil profile,whereas the R treatment increased the root length density and soil moisture in the 0-40 cm soil profile compared with the RT treatment.Compared with 2011,the number of days with temperatures 33°C was more 2 d and the mean day temperature was higher 0.9°C than that in 2012,whereas the plant yield decreased by 2.5,8.5 and 10.9%,the net photosynthetic rate reduced by 7.5,10.5 and 18.0%,the RWC reduced by 3.9,5.6 and 6.2%,and the WUE at leaf level reduced by 1.8,5.2 and 13.1% in the SS,R and RT treatments,respectively.Both the root length density and the soil moisture also decreased at different levels.The yield,photosynthetic rate,plant water status,root length density,and soil moisture under the SS and R treatments declined less than that under the RT treatment.The results indicated that SS and R can enhance the HTS resistance of spring maize during the filling stage,and led to higher yield by directly improving soil moisture and root growth and indirectly improving plant water status,photosynthesis and grain fill

关键词： high temperature stress spring maize filling stage subsoiling ridge tillage

Reflection on the Construction of Tropical and South Subtropical Agricultural Experimental Station CATAS( Jiangmen)

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Asian agricultural Research 2014年第6期6卷 105-108页

作者： Shouxing WEI Xiulong CHEN Xindao QIN Guangzhou experimental station CATAS Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute CATAS National Engineering Research Center of Key Tropical Crops Key Open Laboratory of Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Utilization by Ministry of Agriculture

This paper introduces the origin and progress of Tropical and South Subtropical agricultural Comprehensive experimental station( hereinafter referred to as experimental station) CATAS( Jiangmen),formulates the thought for construction of experimental station,analyzes the restrictive factors and puts forward corresponding countermeasures in order to provide reference for the decision- making and implementation of constructing the experimental station.

关键词： Tropical and South Subtropical agricultural Compre

Influences of Long-Term Fertilizer and Tillage Management on Soil Fertility of the North China Plain

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Pedosphere 2011年第6期21卷 813-820页

作者： NIU Ling-An HAO Jin-Min ZHANG Bao-Zhong NIU Xin-Sheng Quzhou experimental station China Agricultural University Quzhou 057250 （China）

In the North China Plain, fertilizer management and tillage practices have been changing rapidly during the last three decades; however, the influences of long-term fertilizer applications and tillage systems on fertility of salt-affected soils have not been well understood under a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-maize (Zea mays L.) annual double cropping system. A field experiment was established in 1985 on a Cambosol at the Quzhou experimental station, China agricultural University, to investigate the responses of soil fertility to fertilizer and tillage practices. The experiment was established as an orthogonal design with nine treatments of different tillage methods and/or fertilizer applications. In October 2001, composite soil samples were collected from the 0–20 and 20–40 cm layers and analyzed for soil fertility indices. The results showed that after 17 years of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) fertilizer and straw applications, soil organic matter (SOM) in the top layer was increased significantly from 7.00 to 9.30–13.14 g kg-1 in the 0–20 cm layer and from 4.00 to 5.48–7.75 g kg-1 in the 20–40 cm layer. Soil total N (TN) was increased significantly from 0.37 and 0.22 to 0.79–1.11 and 0.61–0.73 g N kg-1 in the 0–20 and 20–40 cm layers, respectively, with N fertilizer application; however, there was no apparent effect of straw application on TN content. The amounts of soil total P (TP) and rapidly available P (RP) were increased significantly from 0.60 to 0.67–1.31 g kg-1 in the 0–20 cm layer and from 0.52 to 0.60–0.73 g kg-1 in the 20–40 cm layer with P fertilizer application, but were decreased with combined N and P fertilizer applications. The applications of N and P fertilizers significantly increased the crop yields, but decreased the rapidly available potassium (RK) in the soil. Straw return could only meet part of the crop potassium requirements. Our results also suggested that though some soil fertility parameters were maintained or enhanced under the long-term fertilizer and straw application

关键词：土壤肥力耕作管理长期施肥华北平原土壤有机质土壤全氮土壤全磷耕作方式

Marginal land bioethanol production of sweet sorghum based on limited water resources in Northwest China

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第3期15卷 132-138页

作者： Xinjie Shi Taisheng Du Pingguo Dong Tiemin Hu Center for agricultural Water Research in China China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Wuwei experimental station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsWuwei 733000GansuChina

Sweet sorghum is considered a leading non-grain candidate for bioethanol production due to its low input requirement,good tolerance,high biomass potential,and high sugar content.However,insufficient studies have been conducted on the spatial distribution of sweet sorghum-based bioethanol production potential considering the water resources limitation.We presented a multi-factor analysis method not only considering terrain,meteorology,soil,and crop natural growth habits but also considering the local water resource to explore the available marginal land suitable for sweet sorghum cultivation and assess the bioethanol production potential in Northwest China.The results showed that 4.63×10^(7)hm^(2)available marginal land was suitable for sweet sorghum planting.Considering the constraint of local water resources,2.76×10^(6)hm^(2)available marginal land was suitable for sweet sorghum planting,accounting for 4.7%of the total available marginal land.And 1.23×10^(10)L bioethanol could be produced on it.Moreover,for these districts under low water stress levels,9.79×10^(5)hm^(2)available marginal land in Gannan Tibet AP and Longnan of Gansu and Hulun Buir of Inner Mongolia was considered a priority to develop sweet sorghum-based bioethanol,and 5.56×10^(9)L bioethanol could be produced in these districts,which can satisfy the 1.54%biofuel goal for 2050 of China.

关键词： bioethanol potential marginal land sweet sorghum regional water stress levels water resources limitation

CO_(2) Assimilation Rate in Production Systems for Papaya Crops

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Phyton-International Journal of experimental Botany 2021年第3期90卷 933-947页

作者： R.Ariza-Flores D.Trujillo-García M.A.Otero-Sánchez E.Canales Sosa C.H.Avendaño-Arrazate L.A.Gálvez-Marroquín P.Cadena Iñiguez Iguala experimental station National Institute of ForestAgricultural and Livestock Research(INIFAP)IgualaCP.40000México Superior agricultural College of the State of Guerrero IgualaGuerrero.CP.40000México Rosario Izapa experimental station-INIFAP Tuxtla ChicoChiapas.CP.30870México Valles Centrales experimental station-INIFAP OaxacaOaxaca.CP.68200México Centro de Chiapas experimental station-INIFAP OcozocoautlaChiapas.CP.29140México

The aim of this study was to evaluate some physiological aspects of papaya crops in semi conventional and organic production systems.The following factors assessed in this experiment were:1.Production systems(organic and semi conventional);2.Genotypes(Maradol and Maradona F1),and 3.Cover crop plants(Canavalia,vegetative cover and no cover).Twelve treatments were obtained-product of factors’combination-and distributed under a threerepetition experimental design of subdivided parcels.The factors examined in this study,that changed the CO_(2) assimilation rate,were production system and genotype.It was determined that the greatest gas exchange in papaya crops happened at 13:40 h but achieving the highest CO_(2) assimilation was also affected by the production system and genotype.Similarly,they showed some effects in CO_(2) assimilation,transpiration,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2),leaf temperature,chlorophyll,and temperature.In general,the combination of factors that accentuated in this experiment were the semi conventional-Maradona-Canavalia with a crop yield of 53.5 t ha^(-1),followed by treatments organic-Maradona-no cover and semi conventional-Maradona-vegetative cover.

关键词： Respiration production system Carica papaya L.

Molecular mapping of a stripe rust resistance gene in Chinese wheat cultivar Mianmai 41

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第2期14卷 295-304页

作者： REN Yong LI Sheng-rong WEI Yu-ming ZHOU Qiang DU Xiao-ying HE Yuan-jiang ZHENG You-liang Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural University Mianyang Institute of agricultural Science/Mianyang Wheat experimental station China Agriculture Research System(CARS)

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici（Pst）, is one of the most damaging diseases of wheat. Chinese wheat cultivar Mianmai 41 showed high resistance against most of the prevailing Pst races in China. Genetic analysis of the F1, F2 and F2：3 populations from a cross between Mianmai 41 and a susceptible line Mingxian 169 indicated that resistance to Pst race CYR32 was conferred by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated as Yr MY41. Molecular marker analysis placed the gene on chromosome 1B near the centromere. Six co-dominant genomic SSR markers Xwmc329, Xwmc406, Xgwm18, Xgwm131, Xgwm413, and Xbarc312, and one STS marker Xwe173 linked with the resistance gene. The two closest flanking SSR markers were Xgwm18 and Xwmc406, with genetic distances of 2.0 and 4.9 c M, respectively. A seedling test with 29 Pst isolates indicated the reaction patterns of Mianmai 41 were different from those of lines carrying Yr3, Yr9, Yr10, Yr15, Yr26, and Yr CH42 on chromosome 1B. Allelic tests indicated that Yr MY41 is likely a new allele at Yr26 locus.

关键词： Triticum aestivum L.,yellow rust,simple sequence repeat（SSR） marker,sequence tagged site（STS） marker

Point Cloud Completion of Plant Leaves under Occlusion Conditions Based on Deep Learning

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 852-863页

作者： Haibo Chen Shengbo Liu Congyue Wang Chaofeng Wang Kangye Gong Yuanhong Li Yubin Lan experimental Basis and Practical Training Center South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision agricultural Aviation Pesticides Spraying Technology GuangzhouChina College of Electronics Engineering(College of Artificial Intelligence) South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina College of Engineering South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Biological and agricultural Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUnited States

The utilization of 3-dimensional point cloud technology for non-invasive measurement of plant phenotypic parameters can furnish important data for plant breeding,agricultural production,and diverse research applications.Nevertheless,the utilization of depth sensors and other tools for capturing plant point clouds often results in missing and incomplete data due to the limitations of 2.5D imaging features and leaf occlusion.This drawback obstructed the accurate extraction of phenotypic parameters.Hence,this study presented a solution for incomplete flowering Chinese Cabbage point clouds using Point Fractal Network-based techniques.The study performed experiments on flowering Chinese Cabbage by constructing a point cloud dataset of their leaves and training the network.The findings demonstrated that our network is stable and robust,as it can effectively complete diverse leaf point cloud morphologies,missing ratios,and multi-missing scenarios.A novel framework is presented for 3D plant reconstruction using a single-view RGB-D(Red,Green,Blue and Depth)image.This method leveraged deep learning to complete localized incomplete leaf point clouds acquired by RGB-D cameras under occlusion conditions.Additionally,the extracted leaf area parameters,based on triangular mesh,were compared with the measured values.The outcomes revealed that prior to the point cloud completion,the R^(2)value of the flowering Chinese Cabbage's estimated leaf area(in comparison to the standard reference value)was 0.9162.The root mean square error(RMSE)was 15.88 cm^(2),and the average relative error was 22.11%.However,post-completion,the estimated value of leaf area witnessed a significant improvement,with an R^(2)of 0.9637,an RMSE of 6.79 cm^(2),and average relative error of 8.82%.The accuracy of estimating the phenotypic parameters has been enhanced significantly,enabling efficient retrieval of such parameters.This development offers a fresh perspective for non-destructive identification of plant phenotypes.

关键词： Deep incomplete Plant

Anaerobic digestion in mesophilic and room temperature conditions: Digestion performance and soil-borne pathogen survival

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 224-233页

作者： Le Chen Shanshan Jian Jinhua Bi Yunlong Li Zhizhou Chang Jian He Xiaomei Ye Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Laboratory for agricultural Wastes Treatment and Recycling Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science East China Scientific Observing and experimental station of Development and Utilization of Rural Renewable Energy Ministry of Agriculture

Tomato plant waste（TPW） was used as the feedstock of a batch anaerobic reactor to evaluate the effect of anaerobic digestion on Ralstonia solanacearum and Phytophthora capsici survival. Batch experiments were carried out for TS（total solid） concentrations of 2%, 4% and 6% respectively, at mesophilic（37 ± 1°C） and room（20–25°C） temperatures. Results showed that higher digestion performance was achieved under mesophilic digestion temperature and lower TS concentration conditions. The biogas production ranged from 71 to 416 L/kg VS（volatile solids）. The inactivation of anaerobic digestion tended to increase as digestion performance improved. The maximum log copies reduction of R. solanacearum and P. capsici detected by quantitative PCR（polymerase chain reaction） were 3.80 and 4.08 respectively in reactors with 4% TS concentration at mesophilic temperatures. However, both in mesophilic and room temperature conditions, the lowest reduction of R. solanacearum was found in the reactors with 6% TS concentration, which possessed the highest VFA（volatile fatty acid） concentration. These findings indicated that simple accumulation of VFAs failed to restrain R. solanacearum effectively, although the VFAs were considered poisonous. P. capsici was nearly completely dead under all conditions. Based on the digestion performance and the pathogen survival rate, a model was established to evaluate the digestate biosafety.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion Pathogen inactivation Digestion performance Fruit and vegetable wastes