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ThyroidNet:A Deep Learning Network for Localization and Classification of Thyroid Nodules

Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第4期139卷 361-382页

作者： Lu Chen Huaqiang Chen Zhikai Pan Sheng Xu Guangsheng Lai Shuwen Chen Shuihua Wang Xiaodong Gu Yudong Zhang Ultrasonic department Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast UniversityNanjing210009China School of Physics and Information engineering Jiangsu Second Normal UniversityNanjing211200China School of Computing and Mathematical Sciences University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia state Key Laboratory of MillimeterWaves Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China Jiangsu Province engineering Research Center of Basic Education Big Data Application Jiangsu Second Normal UniversityNanjing211200China School of Software engineering Quanzhou Normal UniversityQuanzhou362000China department of biological Sciences Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou215123China

Aim:This study aims to establish an artificial intelligence model,ThyroidNet,to diagnose thyroid nodules using deep learning techniques ***:A novel method,ThyroidNet,is introduced and evaluated based on deep learning for the localization and classification of thyroid ***,we propose the multitask TransUnet,which combines the TransUnet encoder and decoder with multitask ***,we propose the DualLoss function,tailored to the thyroid nodule localization and classification *** balances the learning of the localization and classification tasks to help improve the model’s generalization ***,we introduce strategies for augmenting the ***,we submit a novel deep learning model,ThyroidNet,to accurately detect thyroid ***:ThyroidNet was evaluated on private datasets and was comparable to other existing methods,including U-Net and *** results show that ThyroidNet outperformed these methods in localizing and classifying thyroid *** achieved improved accuracy of 3.9%and 1.5%,***:ThyroidNet significantly improves the clinical diagnosis of thyroid nodules and supports medical image analysis *** research directions include optimization of the model structure,expansion of the dataset size,reduction of computational complexity and memory requirements,and exploration of additional applications of ThyroidNet in medical image analysis.

关键词： ThyroidNet deep learning TransUnet multitask learning medical image analysis

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Microscopic analysis on eukaryotic algae and cyanobacteria in nine seasonal lakes and ponds in Vestfjella,Dronning Maud Land,Antarctica

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第2期35卷 206-218页

作者： Lauri ARVOLA Matti LEPPÄRANTA LI Zhijun Lammi biological Station University of HelsinkiLammi FI-16900Finland department of Physics University of HelsinkiHelsinki FI-00014Finland state Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China

Antarctic continental lakes and ponds are among the most impoverished aquatic environments on earth but many of them support flourishing populations of cyanobacteria,eukaryotic algae,protozoans,and some multicellular *** this study,we present results of a microscopic analysis of cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae from nine diverse types of Antarctic continental water bodies during one austral *** results supplement and enlarge our previous studies on the limnological characteristics of the epiglacial and supraglacial lakes and ponds in Dronning Maud Land,an area that has received little attention from *** taxon with highest frequency among the samples(n=79)was Mesotaenium ***,a eukaryotic Zygnematophyceae,which occurred in 82%of the samples with a maximum cell density of 68 cells·mL^(-1).The taxa with second and third highest frequency were the prokaryotes Gloeocapsopsis(60%)and Leptolyngbya(41%),followed by Chlamydomonas(34%)and Cyanothece(29%).The number of taxa varied between 7-21 among the lakes and ponds,being highest in a supraglacial lake,and lowest in an epiglacial *** results did not reveal any obvious correlation between the abundance of any taxa and the water chemistry,but water bodies with inorganic sediments had higher cell densities and biomasses than those without *** suggests the importance of sediment in supporting biological diversity in these ultraoligotrophic lakes and ponds.

关键词： Antarctic continental lakes Antarctic continental ponds cyanobacteria algae protozoa rotifers tardigrada

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Safety control strategy of spinal lamina cutting based on force and cutting depth signals

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 894-902页

作者： Jian Zhang Yonghong Zhang Shanshan Liu Xuquan Ji Sizhuo Liu Zhuofu Li Baoduo Geng Weishi Li Tianmiao Wang School of Mechanical engineering and Automation Beihang UniversityBeijingChina Beijing Zoezen Robot Co.Ltd. BeijingChina department of Orthopaedics Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine Ministry of EducationBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of Spinal Disease Research BeijingChina School of biological Science and Medical engineering Beihang UniversityBeijingChina department of Biology Kenyon CollegeGambierOhioUSA

Laminectomy is one of the most common posterior spinal operations. Since the lamina is adjacent to important tissues such as nerves, once damaged, it can cause serious com-plications and even lead to paralysis. In order to prevent the above injuries and com-plications, ultrasonic bone scalpel and surgical robots have been introduced into spinal laminectomy, and many scholars have studied the recognition method of the bone tissue status. Currently, almost all methods to achieve recognition of bone tissue are based on sensor signals collected by high‐precision sensors installed at the end of surgical robots. However, the previous methods could not accurately identify the state of spinal bone tissue. Innovatively, the identification of bone tissue status was regarded as a time series classification task, and the classification algorithm LSTM‐FCN was used to process fusion signals composed of force and cutting depth signals, thus achieving an accurate classi-fication of the lamina bone tissue status. In addition, it was verified that the accuracy of the proposed method could reach 98.85% in identifying the state of porcine spinal laminectomy. And the maximum penetration distance can be controlled within 0.6 mm, which is safe and can be used in practice.

关键词： artificial neural network intelligent robots robotics surgery

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Effects of friction stir processing and nano-hydroxyapatite on the microstructure,hardness,degradation rate and in-vitro bioactivity of WE43 alloy for biomedical applications

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 209-224页

作者： Bo Wu Farazila Yusof Fuguo Li Huan Miao A.R.Bushroa Mohd Ridha Bin Muhamad Irfan Anjum Badruddin Mahmoud Z.Ibrahim department of Mechanical engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Centre of Advanced Manufacturing and Material Processing(AMMP Centre) Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Center of Foundation studies in Science Universiti MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia state Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Mechanical engineering department College of EngineeringKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61421Saudi Arabia Design and Production engineering Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairo 11517Egypt

Nowadays,magnesium alloys are emerging in biomedical implants for their similar properties to natural ***,the rapid degradation of magnesium alloys in biological media hinders successful *** of microstructure,as well as reinforcement particles can significantly improve the degradation *** this work,multi-pass friction stir processing(FSP)was proposed to synthesize WE43/nano-hydroxyapatite(n HA)surface composite,the microstructure,reinforced particle distribution,micro-hardness,corrosion behavior and in-vitro bioactivity were *** subsequent FSP passes of WE43 alloy and WE43/n HA composite refined the grain size which was reduced by 94.29%and 95.92%(2.63 and 1.88μm,respectively)compared to base metal after three *** resulted in increasing the microhardness by 120%(90.86 HV0.1)and 135%(105.59 HV0.1)for the WE43 and WE43-n HA,*** is found that increasing FSP passes improved the uniform distribution of n HA particles within the composite matrix which led to improved corrosion resistance and less degradation *** corrosion rate of the FSPed WE43/n HA composite after three passes was reduced by 38.2%(4.13 mm/year)and the degradation rate was reduced by 69.7%(2.87 mm/y).This is attributed to secondary phase(Mg24Y5and Mg41Nd5)particle fragmentation and redistribution,as well as a homogeneous distribution of n ***,the growing Ca-P and Mg(OH)2layer formed on the surface represented a protective layer that reduced the degradation *** wettability test revealed a relatively hydrophilic surface with water contact angle of 49.1±2.2°compared to 71.2±2.1°for base ***,biomineralization test showed that apatite layer grew after immersion 7d in simulated body fluid with atomic ratio of Ca/P 1.60 approaching the stoichiometric ratio(1.67)indicating superior bioactivity of FSPed WE43/n HA composite after three *** results raise that the grain refinement by FSP and introduction of n HA partic

关键词： Friction stir processing Magnesium-based composite Nano-hydroxyapatite Corrosion behavior In-vitro bioactivity

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TiO_(2)Electron Transport Layer with p-n Homojunctions for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 1-14页

作者： Wenhao Zhao Pengfei Guo Jiahao Wu Deyou Lin Ning Jia Zhiyu Fang Chong Liu Qian Ye Jijun Zou Yuanyuan Zhou Hongqiang Wang state Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi'an 710072People's Republic of China department of Chemical and biological engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong SARPeople's Republic of China Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072People's Republic of China Chongqing Innovation Center of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityChongqing 401135People's Republic of China

Low-temperature processed electron transport layer(ETL)of TiO_(2)that is widely used in planar perovskite solar cells(PSCs)has inherent low carrier mobility,resulting in insufficient photogenerated elec-tron transport and thus recombination loss at buried ***,we demonstrate an effective strategy of laser embedding of p-n homojunctions in the TiO_(2)ETL to accelerate electron transport in PSCs,through localized build-in electric fields that enables boosted electron mobility by two orders of *** embedding is found significantly helpful for not only the enhanced crystallization quality of TiO_(2)ETL,but the fabrication of perovskite films with larger-grain and the *** embedded p-n homojunction enables also the modulation of interfacial energy level between perovskite layers and ETLs,favoring for the reduced voltage deficit of *** from these merits,the formamidinium lead iodide(FAPbI_(3))PSCs employing such ETLs deliver a champion efficiency of 25.50%,along with much-improved device stability under harsh conditions,i.e.,maintain over 95%of their initial efficiency after operation at maximum power point under continuous heat and illumination for 500 h,as well as mixed-cation PSCs with a champion efficiency of 22.02%and over 3000 h of ambient storage under humidity stability of 40%.Present study offers new possibilities of regulating charge transport layers via p-n homojunction embedding for high performance optoelectronics.

关键词： Electron transport layer p-n homojunction Electron mobility Buried interface Perovskite solar cells

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Facile synthesis of graphene anchored rare earth doped mixed metal ferrite nanorods:A potential candidate for azo dye mineralization

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 907-916,I0004页

作者： Tehmina Kousar Muhammad Aadil Sonia Zulfiqar Sobhy MIbrahim Sidra Mubeen Warda Hassan Kashuf Shafiq Farzana Mahmood Institute of Chemical Sciences Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan department of Chemistry Rahim Yar Khan CampusThe Islarnia University of BahawalpurRahim Yar Khan64200Pakistan department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Ostrava30.Dubna 22Ostrava70103Czech Republic department of Chemical and biological engineering Iowa State UniversitySweeney Hall618 Bissell RoadAmeslowa50011United States department of Biochemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityPO.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabi department of Chemistry The Women University Multan66000Pakistan

Bandgap tuning using rare earth metals as dopants in ferrite-based photocatalytic materials has received a lot of interest because the Fermi 4f energy of these metals generates a sub-energy state in the bandgap generated by the overlapping of Fe-3d and O-2p ***,dysprosium-doped cobalt-nickel mixed ferrite(D-CNFO)and its graphene-reinforced composite(D-CNFO@G)were prepared and an ideal photocatalyst material for azo dye mineralization was proposed.A cost-effective combination of wetchemical and ultrasonication methods was used to prepare the doped and composite *** characterization methodologies were used to scrutinize the optical,compositional,structural,morphological,and photocatalytic characteristics of as-prepared *** X-ray diffraction analysis identified the spinel phase's(cubic)structure,while the electronic spectroscopy examination confirmed the prepared samples'rod-like *** UV/visible absorbance spectrum shows the higher light harvesting behavior of the D-CNFO@G in the visible *** mineralization performance of the DCNFO and D-CNFO@G composites was analyzed using Congo-red(an anionic dye),a well-known azo *** D-CNFO@G sample removes Congo-red dye at a rate almost 2.4%faster than the D-CNFO *** experiment involving trapping free radicals indicates that hydroxyl radical play s a crucial role in dye *** the D-CNFO@G catalyst is magnetic and can be isolated easily from the photocatalytic system,it shows an awkward cycle activity of more than 96%after five mineralization *** asprepared D-CNFO@G composite is proved as an excellent option for azo dye mineralization because of the combined impacts of rare earth doping,graphene reinforcement and nanotechnology.

关键词： azo-dye Composite Graphene Dy-doped Nanotechnology Rare earths

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Unraveling the evolution of oxygen vacancies in TiO/Cu and its role in COhydrogenation

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Science China Chemistry 2024年

作者： Ke Wang Fanxing Zhang Ning Cao Ying Bao Mi Yan Keping Yan Pengfei Xie state Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths School of Materials Science and engineering Zhejiang University Institute of Zhejiang university-Quzhou College of Chemical and biological engineering Zhejiang University department of Chemistry Western Washington University Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical engineering

The remarkable contribution of oxygen vacancies has been revealed by the operando spectroscopies for methanol synthesis from CO2hydrogeneration on the reducible metal oxide-supported copper catalysts. However, a challenge remains in the intrinsic understanding of the evolution and advantage of oxygen vacancies for methanol synthesis. Here we prepare the TiO2–x/Cu with different oxygen vacancy densities by adjusting the ball-milling frequency. At the optimal condition, a TiO2–x/Cu with more oxygen vacancies delivers an excellent methanol yield of 26.5 mmol g-1h-1at 300 °C with a selectivity of more than 70%. The combined analysis of experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations reveals that the mutual dispersions of TiO2–xand Cu driven by mechanical energy induce the electron rearrangement in the d orbital of the Ti atom and relax the Ti–O binding at the interface, which facilitates the formation of oxygen vacancies that further reduce the barrier of CO2hydrogenation to*HCOO due to higher nucleophilicity of titanium ions.

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Enhancing osteogenic bioactivities of coaxial electrospinning nanoscaffolds through incorporating iron oxide nanoparticles and icaritin for bone regeneration

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 6430-6442页

作者： Peng Wang Qianjin Wang Dengxian Wu Yunyang Zhang Shixiong Kang Xucai Wang Jiayu Gu Hao Wu Zhihong Xu Qing Jiang School of Biomedical engineering and Informatics Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China state Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive SurgeryNanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjing 210008China Center of Modem Analysis Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210008China state Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and DevicesSchool of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Jiangsu Institute of Metrology Nanjing 210023China

Bone tissue engineering provides a promising strategy for the treatment of bone ***,the clinical utilization of biomaterial-based scaffolds is constrained by their inadequate mechanical strength and absence of osteo-inductive ***,we proposed to endow nano-scaffold(NS)constructed by coaxial electrospinning technique with enhanced osteogenic bioactivities and mechanical properties by incorporating biocompatible magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(IONPs)and icaritin(ICA).Four types of nano-scaffolds(NS,ICA@NS,NS-IONPs and ICA@NS-IONPs)were *** incorporation of ICA and IONPs minimally impact their surface morphological and chemical *** enhanced the mechanical properties of NS scaffolds,including hardness,tensile strength,and elastic *** vitro assessments demonstrated that ICA@NS-IONPs exhibited enhanced osteogenic bioactivities towards mouse calvarial pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 as evidenced by detecting the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity level,expressions of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins as well as mineralized nodule *** investigations revealed that MEK/ERK(MAP kinase-ERK kinase(MEK)/extracellularsignal-regulated kinase(ERK))signaling pathway could offer a plausible explanation for the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells induced by ICA@***,the implantation of nano-scaffolds in rat skull defects exhibited a substantial improvement in in vivo bone ***,IONPs and ICA incorporated coaxial electrospinning nano-scaffolds present a novel strategy for the optimization of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.

关键词： iron oxide nanoparticles icaritin coaxial electrospinning nano-scaffolds MEK/ERK signaling pathway bone regeneration

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Design of high-performance and sustainable Co-free Ni-rich cathodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries

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SusMat 2024年第1期4卷 48-71页

作者： Hao Ge Zhiwen Shen Yanhong Wang Zhijia Sun Xiaoman Cao Chaoyue Wang Xinyue Fan Jinsong Bai Rundong Li Tianhua Yang Gang Wu School of Energy and Environment Shenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyangP.R.China Shenyang Aircraft Airworthiness Certification Center of CAAC ShenyangP.R.China College of Chemistry and Materials engineering Bohai UniversityJinzhouP.R.China Liaoning General Aviation Academy ShenyangP.R.China department of Chemical and biological engineering University at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNew YorkUSA

Great attention has been given to high-performance and inexpensive lithiumion batteries(LIBs)in response to the ever-increasing demand for the explosive growth of electric vehicles(EVs).High-performance and low-cost Co-freeNi-rich layered cathodes are considered one of the most favorable candidates for nextgeneration LIBs because the current supply chain of EVs relies heavily on scarce and expensive ***,we review the recent research progress on Co-free Nirich layered cathodes,emphasizing on analyzing the necessity of replacing Co and the popular improvment *** current advancements in the design strategies of Co-free Ni-rich layered cathodes are summarized in *** considerable improvements achieved so far,the main technical challenges contributing to the deterioration of Co-free Ni-rich cathodes such as detrimental phase transitions,crack formation,and severe interfacial side reactions,are difficult to resolve by a single *** cooperation of multiple modification strategies is expected to accelerate the industrialization of Co-free Ni-rich layered cathodes,and the corresponding synergistic mechanisms urgently need to be *** effects will be aroused to explore high-performance Co-free Ni-rich layered cathodes to promote the sustainable development of LIBs.

关键词： Co-free cathodes electrochemical performance lithium-ion batteries modification strategies Ni-rich layered cathodes

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Readily prepared and processed multifunctional MXene nanocomposite hydrogels for smart electronics

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SmartMat 2024年第2期5卷 103-114页

作者： Jiahui Huang Xianwu Huang Peiyi Wu state Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCenter for Advanced Low-Dimension MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghaiChina state Key Laboratory of Molecular engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular Science and Laboratory of Advanced MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

Booming sophisticated robotics and prosthetics put forward high requirements on soft conductive materials that can bridge electronics and biology,those soft conductive materials should imitate the mechanical properties of biological tissues and build information transmission *** now,it remains a great challenge to handle the trade-off among ease of preparation,high conductivity,processability,mechanical adaptability,and external stimuli ***,a kind of readily prepared and processed multifunctional MXene nanocomposite hydrogel is reported,which is prepared via the fast gelation of cationic monomer initiated by delaminated MXene *** gelation time can be adjusted(several seconds to minutes)based on the MXene *** adjusting the MXene ratio,the resulting nanocomposites are ultrastretchable(>5000%),three-dimensional(3D)printable,and show outstanding mechanical and electrical *** expected,the integration of multifunctional systems onto various substrates(e.g.,gloves and masks)is further demonstrated via 3D printing and could achieve diverse sensory capabilities toward strain,pressure,and temperature,showing great prospects as smart flexible electronics.

关键词： 3D printable electronics MXene polymeric hydrogels stretchable and conductive

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