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A modular microfluidic platform to study how fluid shear stress alters estrogen receptor phenotype in ER+breast cancer cells

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 287-299页

作者： Braulio Andrés Ortega Quesada Jonathan Cuccia Rachael Coates Blake Nassar Ethan Littlefield Elizabeth C.Martin Adam T.Melvin Cain department of Chemical engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA department of Chemical and biological engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA biological and agricultural engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA department Medicine Section Hematology and Medical OncologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70118USA

Metastatic breast cancer leads to poor prognoses and worse outcomes in patients due to its invasive behavior and poor response to *** is still unclear what biophysical and biochemical factors drive this more aggressive phenotype in metastatic cancer;however recent studies have suggested that exposure to fluid shear stress in the vasculature could cause *** this study a modular microfluidic platform capable of mimicking the magnitude of fluid shear stress(FSS)found in human vasculature was designed and *** device provides a platform to evaluate the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cell line,an estrogen receptor positive(ER+)breast cancer cell line,during circulation in the *** of the effects of FSS on MCF-7 cells was carried out utilizing two approaches:single cell analysis and bulk *** single cell analysis,cells were trapped in a microarray after exiting the serpentine channel and followed by immunostaining on the device(on-chip).Bulk analysis was performed after cells were collected in a microtube at the outlet of the microfluidic serpentine channel for western blotting(off-chip).It was found that cells exposed to an FSS magnitude of 10 dyn/cm^(2) with a residence time of 60 s enhanced expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 in the MCF-7 cell line at a single cell *** understand possible mechanisms for enhanced Ki67 expression,on-chip and off-chip analyses were performed for pro-growth and survival pathways ERK,AKT,and JAK/*** demonstrated that after shearing the cells phosphorylation of p-AKT,p-mTOR,and p-STAT3 were ***,there was no change in p-ERK1/*** is a mediator of ER rapid signaling,analysis of phosphorylated ERαwas carried out and no significant differences between sheared and non-sheared populations were *** together these results demonstrate that FSS can increase phosphorylation of proteins associated with a more aggressive phenotype in circulating cancer *** findin

关键词： fluid breast estrogen

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Indispensable gutter layers in thin-film composite membranes for carbon capture

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第8期9卷 1220-1238页

作者： Gengyi Zhang Haiqing Lin department of Chemical and biological engineering University at Buffalo The State University at New York

Industrial thin-film composite(TFC) membranes achieve superior gas separation properties from high-performance selective layer materials,while the success of membrane technology relies on high-performance gutter layers to achieve production scalability and low-cost manufacturing. However, the current literature predominantly focuses on the design of polymer architectures to obtain high permeability and selectivity, while the art of fabricating gutter layers is usually safeguarded by industrial manufacturers and appears lackluster to academic researchers. This is the first report aiming to provide a comprehensive and critical review of state-of-the-art gutter layer materials and their design and modification to enable TFC membranes with superior separation performance. We first elucidate the importance of the gutter layer on membrane performance through modeling and experimental results. Then various gutter layer materials used to obtain high-performance composite membranes are critically reviewed, and the strategies to improve their compatibility with the selective layer are highlighted, such as oxygen plasma treatment, polydopamine deposition, and surface grafting. Finally, we present the opportunities of the gutter layer design for practical applications.

关键词： Thin-film composite membranes Gutter layer Gas separation Carbon capture

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Energy-absorbing porous materials:Bioinspired architecture and fabrication

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 679-690页

作者： Junheng Zhao Meng Li Jiewei Chen Weiwei Gao Hao Bai state Key Laboratory of Chemical engineering College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China department of Polymer Science and engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Energy-absorbing materials are widely used in transportations,sports,and the military ***,porous materials,including natural and artificial materials,have attracted tremendous attentions due to their light weight and excellent energy absorption *** review summarizes the recent progresses in the natural and artificial energy-absorbing porous ***,we review the typical natural porous materials including cuttlebone,bighorn sheep horn,pomelo peel,and sunflower stem *** architectures,energy absorption abilities,and mechanisms of these typical natural materials and their bioinspired materials are ***,we provide a review on the fabrication methods of artificial energy-absorbing porous materials,such as conventional foaming and three-dimensional(3D)***,we address the challenges and prospects for the future development of energy-absorbing porous *** importantly,our review provides a direct guidance for the design and fabrication of energy-absorbing porous materials required for various engineering applications.

关键词： energy-absorbing porous materials natural materials natural structures bioinspired materials

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Numerical Analysis of PRISM-PY Calculations for Hard-and Soft-Core Generic Polymer Models

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 532-543页

作者： Qiang Wang department of Chemical and biological engineering Colorado State University1370 Campus DeliveryFort CollinsCO80523-1370USA

Generic polymer models capturing the chain connectivity and excluded-volume interactions between polymer segments can be classified, according to whether or not the 3D integral of the latter diverges, into hard- and soft-core models. Taking homogeneous systems of compressible homopolymer melts (or equivalently homopolymer solutions in an implicit, good solvent) in the continuum as an example, we recently compared the correlation effects on the structural and thermodynamic properties of the hard- and soft-core models given by the polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM) theory with the Percus-Yevick (PY) closure (Polymers 2023, 15, 1180). Here we analyzed in detail the numerical errors and behavior of the interchain pair correlation functions (PCFs) given by the PRISM-PY calculations of these models using an efficient numerical approach that we proposed. Our numerical approach has the least number of independent variables to be iteratively solved, analytically treats the discontinuities caused by the non-bonded pair potential (such as that of the hard spheres) and takes only the inverse Fourier transform of the interchain indirect PCF between polymer segments (which is continuous and decays towards 0 with increasing wavenumber much faster than both the interchain direct and total PCFs), and is essential for us to accurately solve the PRISM-PY theory for chain length N as large as 106. To capture the correlation-hole effect, the real-space cut-off in the PRISM calculations should be proportional to the square root of N.

关键词： Generic polymer models Soft potentials Polymer reference interaction site model theory

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Oxygen functionalization-assisted anionic exchange toward unique construction of flower-like transition metal chalcogenide embedded carbon fabric for ultra-long life flexible energy storage and conversion

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Carbon Energy 2024年第1期6卷 72-93页

作者： Roshan M.Bhattarai Kisan Chhetri Nghia Le Debendra Acharya Shirjana Saud Mai Cao Hoang Phuong Lan Nguyen Sang Jae Kim Young Sun Mok department of Chemical engineering Jeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea department of Nano Convergence engineering Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea Regional Leading Research Center(RLRC)for Nanocarbon-based Energy Materials and Application Technology Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuRepublic of Korea department of Chemistry Mississippi State UniversityStarkvilleMississippiUSA Nanomaterials and System Laboratory Department of Mechatronics EngineeringJeju National UniversityJejuRepublic of Korea

The metal-organic framework(MOF)derived Ni–Co–C–N composite alloys(NiCCZ)were“embedded”inside the carbon cloth(CC)strands as opposed to the popular idea of growing them upward to realize ultrastable energy storage and conversion *** NiCCZ was then oxygen functionalized,facilitating the next step of stoichiometric sulfur anion diffusion during hydrothermal sulfurization,generating a flower-like metal hydroxysulfide structure(NiCCZOS)with strong partial implantation inside *** obtained NiCCZOS shows an excellent capacity when tested as a supercapacitor electrode in a three-electrode ***,when paired with the biomass-derived nitrogen-rich activated carbon,the asymmetric supercapacitor device shows almost 100%capacity retention even after 45,000 charge–discharge cycles with remarkable energy density(59.4 Wh kg^(-1)/263.8μWh cm^(–2))owing to a uniquely designed ***,the same electrode performed as an excellent bifunctional water-splitting electrocatalyst with an overpotential of 271 mV for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and 168.4 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)at 10 mA cm−2 current density along with 30 h of unhinged chronopotentiometric stability performance for both HER and ***,a unique metal chalcogenide composite electrode/substrate configuration has been proposed as a highly stable electrode material for flexible energy storage and conversion applications.

关键词： carbon cloth energy conversion energy storage flexible metal embedding ultra-stable

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Thermal transports in the MXenes family:Opportunities and challenges

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 7700-7716页

作者： Yurui Liu Yue Wu Xinwei Wang department of Chemical and biological engineering Iowa State University618 Bissell AmesIA 50011USA department of Mechanical engineering 271 Applied Science Complex II1915 Scholl RoadIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

The carbides and nitrides of transition metals known as“MXenes”refer to a fast-growing family of two-dimensional materials discovered in *** to their unique nanolayer structure,superior electrical,mechanical,and thermal properties,MXenes have shown great potential in addressing the critical overheating issues that jeopardize the performance,stability,and lifetime of high-energy-density components in modern devices such as microprocessors,integrated circuits,and capacitors,*** outstanding intrinsic thermal conductivity of MXenes has been proved by experimental and theoretical *** MXenes-enabled high thermal conductivity composites incorporated with polymer matrix have also been reported and widely used as thermal management *** the booming heat dissipation demands,MXenes-enabled thermal management material is an extremely valuable and scalable option for modern electronics ***,the fundamental thermal transport mechanisms behind the MXenes family remain *** MXene thermal conductivity disparities between the theoretical prediction and experimental results are still *** better understand the thermal conduction in MXenes and provide more insights for engineering high-performance MXene thermal management materials,in this article,we summarize recent progress on thermal conductive *** essential factors that affect MXenes intrinsic thermal conductivities are tackled,selected MXenes-polymer composites are highlighted,and prospects and challenges are also discussed.

关键词： transition metal carbide(MXene) thermal transport two-dimensional materials thermally conductive composites

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Density-Functional Theories for Polyelectrolyte Systems

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第9期42卷 1302-1312,I0006页

作者： Jia-Wei Zhang Yu-Hang Zhang Bao-Hui Li Qiang Wang School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin90001China department of Chemical and biological engineering Colorado State University1370 Campus DeliveryFort CollinsCO80523-1370USA

Polymer density-functional theories(PDFTs)have distinct advantages in the study of polyelectrolyte(PE)systems over experiments and molecular *** we give an introductory review of some PDFTs recently developed for PE *** start with a general formalism of PDFTs and its relation to the widely used polymer self-consistent field theory(SCFT),then explain the various correlations that are neglected in SCFT but can be accounted for in PDFTs,including those due to the excluded-volume interaction and chain connectivity of uncharged polymers,the electrostatic correlations of small ions,and the chain correlations in *** also list some applications of PDFTs for PE systems,and finally give some perspectives on future *** hope that our review can attract more researchers to apply and further develop PDFTs as a promising class of theoretical and computational tools.

关键词： Polymer density-functional theories Polyelectrolytes Correlations

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Harvesting Technologies and Costs for Switchgrass Production

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 112-128页

作者： Hana Toth Jude Liu department of agricultural and biological engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park USA

As today’s society searches for renewable energy sources that could be an alternative to fossil fuels, biomass and biofuels provide a promising solution. Switchgrass is one of feedstocks that can be utilized as a renewable energy source. When farming, one of the most important considerations is efficiency. This consists of several factors, including time, fuel use, economic and power efficiencies of equipment. Inefficient field operations could increase harvesting costs and in turn could cause hesitation when a farmer decides to participate in biomass production. This literature review will cover the main elements of biomass and biomass handling relating to determining harvesting efficiency and biomass quality for switchgrass round bales. Specifically, the following sections include past research activities relating to biomass harvesting, biomass bale quality during outdoor storage, logistics models, and data collection methods during biomass harvesting. The objective of this review is to examine status and needs for switchgrass round bale harvesting operations and the expenses that come with it.

关键词： Biomass Baling Energy Crop Logistics

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Engineered exosome hybrid copper nanoscale antibiotics facilitate simultaneous self-assembly imaging and elimination of intracellular multidrug-resistant superbugs

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 319-324页

作者： Zengchao Guo Weiwei Liu Tengfei Liu Jinpeng Wang Hui Jiang Xiaohui Liu Yossi Weizmann Xuemei Wang state Key Laboratory of Digital Medical engineering School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China department of Chemistry Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 8410501Israel

With the increasing emergence of bacterial infections,especially multidrug-resistant(MDR)bacteria,poses an urgent *** study demonstrated a novel multifunctional nanotheranostics platform developed by the strategic integration of both in-situ bio-assembly imaging and target bacteria *** the introduction of copper ions into bacteria,the Cu^(2+)could spontaneously bio-selfassembled into a multifunctional copper nanoclusters(NCs)which efficiently enhanced epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)uptake into *** visualizing the bacteria,the developed theranostic nanoplatform exhibited highly efficient disinfection activities with negligible side effects as reflected by higher cell viability and insignificant hemolytic ***,the exosomal formulation of EGCG integrated with Cu^(2+)showed an increased intracellular antibacterial activity,which could eliminate most of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)phagocytosed by macrophages,guide macrophages toward M2-like phenotype polarization and alleviate inflammation,without exhibiting obvious cytotoxicity on host *** regimen could be viewed as an effective strategy for the sterilization of intractable bacterial infections.

关键词： In situ self-assembled Exosome Antibacterial agents Bioimaging Intracellular infection

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Acetylacetone effectively controlled the secondary metabolites of Microcystis aeruginosa under simulated sunlight irradiation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 285-295页

作者： Xiaomeng Wang Yixin Luo Shujuan Zhang Lixiang Zhou department of Environmental engineering College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China The state Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of the EnvironmentNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Inactivation of cyanobacterial cells and simultaneous control of secondary metabolites is of significant necessity for the treatment of cyanobacteria-laden ***(AcAc)has been reported a specific algicide to inactivate Microcystis aeruginosa(***)and an effective light activator to degrade *** study systematically investigated the photodegradation ability of AcAc under xenon(Xe)irradiation on the secondary metabolites of ***,mainly algal organic matter(AOM),especially toxic microcystin-LR(MC-LR).Results showed that AcAc outperformed H_(2)O_(2)in destructing the protein-like substances,humic acid-like matters,aromatic proteins and fulvic-like substances of *** MC-LR(250μg/L),0.05 mmol/L AcAc attained the same degradation efficiency(87.0%)as 0.1mmol/L H_(2)O_(2).The degradation mechanism of Xe/AcAc might involve photo-induced energy/electron transfer and formation of carbon center *** conditions(pH>9.0)were detrimental to the photoactivity of AcAc,corresponding to the observed degradation rate constant(k_(1)value)of MC-LR drastically decreasing to 0.0013 min^(-1)as solution pH exceeded *** PO_(4)^(3-)and HCO_(3)^(-)ions had obvious inhibition effects,whereas NO_(3)^(-)slightly improved k_(1)value from 0.0277 min^(-1)to 0.0321 min^(-1).The presence of AOM did not significantly inhibit MC-LR degradation in Xe/AcAc *** addition,the biological toxicity of MC-LR was greatly reduced after *** results demonstrated that AcAc was an alternative algicidal agent to effectively inactivate algal cells and simultaneously control the secondary metabolites after cell ***,the concentration and irradiation conditions should be further optimized in practical application.

关键词： Microcystis aeruginosa Photodegradation Acetylacetone Secondary metabolites Microcystin

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