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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and endophytic fungi differentially modulate polyamines or proline of peach in response to soil flooding

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Pedosphere 2024年第2期34卷 460-472页

作者： Shengmin LIANG Yingning ZOU Bo SHU Qiangsheng WU Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of WetlandHubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of WetlandCollege of Horticulture and GardeningYangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025China

Symbiotic fungi are involved in plant flooding tolerance,while the underlying mechanism is not yet *** polyamines(PAs)and proline are also associated with stress tolerance,it is hypothesized that the enhancement of stress resistance by symbiotic fungi is associated with changes in PAs and/or *** aim of this study was to analyze the effect of inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae and Serendipita indica on plant growth,PAs,and proline and the metabolisms in peach(Prunus persica)under ***-week flooding did not affect root colonization frequence of ***,while it promoted root colonization frequence of *** flooding,plants inoculated with *** and *** maintained relatively higher growth rates than uninoculated *** mosseae promoted root ornithine(Orn)contentration and arginine(Arg)and Orn decarboxylase activities under flooding,which promoted putrescine(Put),cadaverine(Cad),and spermidine(Spd)***,*** decreased contentrations of Arg,Orn,and agmatine and Arg decarboxylase activities,thus decreasing PA contentrations under *** were negatively correlated with the expression of PA uptake transporter genes,PpPUT1 and PpPUT2,in *** transporter genes of ***(FmTPO)and ***(SiTPO)were regulated by flooding,of which FmTPO1 was positively correlated with Put,Cad,and Spd,along with positive correlations of Spd with SiTPO1,SiTPO2,and *** flooding,*** decreased proline concentration,while *** increased proline concentration and correlated with expression of a△^(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase gene,*** was thus concluded that *** modulated polyamine accumulation,while *** induced proline accumulation to tolerate flooding.

关键词： △^(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase flooding tolerance Funneliformis mosseae ornithine aminotransferase root colonization Serendipita indica spermidine transporter

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Influence of meteorological factors on open biomass burning at a background site in Northeast China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 1-9页

作者： Yulong Wang Linlin Liang Wanyun Xu Chang Liu Hongbing Cheng Yusi Liu Gen Zhang Xiaobin Xu Dajiang Yu Peng Wang Qingli Song Jiumeng Liu Yuan Cheng State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather&Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Longfengshan Regional Background Station China Meteorological AdministrationHeilongjiang 150200China Heilongjiang Climate center Heilongjiang 150030China

Biomass burning(BB)is a very important emission source that significantly adversely impacts regional air *** produces a large number of primary organic aerosol(POA)and black carbon(BC).Besides,BB also provides many precursors for secondary organic aerosol(SOA)*** this work,the ratio of levoglucosan(LG)to organic carbon(OC)and the fire hotspots map was used to identify the open biomass burning(OBB)events,which occurred in two representative episodes,October 13 to November 30,2020,and April1 to April 30,*** ratio of organic aerosol(OA)to reconstructed PM_(2.5)concentration(PM_(2.5)^(*))increased with the increase of LG/*** LG/OC ratio is higher than 0.03,the highest OA/PM_(2.5)^(*)ratio can reach 80%,which means the contribution of OBB to OA is *** to the ratio of LG to K^(+),LG to mannosan(MN)and the regional characteristics of Longfengshan,it can be determined that the crop residuals are the main *** occurrence of OBB coincides with farmers’preferred choices,i.e.,burning biomass in“bright weather”.The“bright weather”refers to the meteorological conditions with high temperature,low humidity,and without *** factors indirectly affect regional biomass combustion pollution by influencing farmers’active choices.

关键词： Air pollution Biomass burning meteorological factors Organic trace agricultural fires

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Structural characteristics and drivers of greenhouse gas emissions at county-level and long-time scales:A case study of the Anji County,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 319-330页

作者： Zhouxiang Cai Liting Hu Di Chen Ying Zhang Xuekun Fang College of Environmental&Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China center for Global Change Science Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139United States Anji meteorological Bureau Anji 313300China

To achieve carbon neutrality,the Chinese government needs to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sources and drivers of greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,particularly at the county *** County in eastern China is a typical example of an industrial transformation from quarrying to a low-carbon *** study analyzed the decoupling types and structural characteristics of GHG emissions and the driving factors of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions in the Anji from 2006 to 2019,and explored the differences between countylevel and provincial-level or city-level *** was observed that energy-related activities are the main source of GHG emissions in Anji and that economic development is the driving factor behind the increasing CO_(2)***,industrial transformation and upgradation coupled with the alternative use of clean energy limit the growth of GHG *** study details the GHG emissions of county during the industrial transformation stage and provides corresponding policy recommendations for county governments.

关键词： County GHG emissions Decoupling Driving factors Policy recommendations

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Variation of microbiological and small molecule metabolite profiles of Nuodeng ham during ripening by high-throughput sequencing and GC-TOF-MS

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2187-2196页

作者： Cong Li Yingling Zou Guozhou Liao Zijiang Yang Dahai Gu Yuehong Pu Changrong Ge Guiying Wang Livestock Product Processing and Engineering Technology Research center of Yunnan Province Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China College of Food Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China

The internal microbial diversity and small molecular metabolites of Nuodeng ham in different processing years(the first,second and third year sample)were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology and gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrography(GC-TOF-MS)to study the effects of microorganisms and small molecular metabolites on the quality of ham in different processing *** results showed that the dominant bacteria phyla of Nuodeng ham in different processing years were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes,the dominant fungi phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota,while Staphylococcus and Aspergillus were the dominant bacteria and fungi of Nuodeng ham,***,252 kinds of small molecular metabolites were identified from Nuodeng ham in different processing years,and 12 different metabolites were screened through multivariate statistical *** metabolic pathway analysis showed that 23 metabolic pathways were related to ham fermentation,of which 8 metabolic pathways had significant effects on ham fermentation(Impact>0.01,P<0.05).The content of L-proline,phenyllactic acid,L-lysine,carnosine,taurine,D-proline,betaine and creatine were significantly positively correlated with the relative abundance of Staphylococcus and Serratia,but negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Halomonas,Aspergillus and Yamadazyma.

关键词： Nuodeng ham Microbial diversity Small molecule metabolites High-throughput sequencing Gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrography

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Striking a growth–defense balance:Stress regulators that function in maize development

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 424-442页

作者： Shiyi Xie Hongbing Luo Wei Huang Weiwei Jin Zhaobin Dong Maize Engineering and Technology Research center of Hunan Province College of AgronomyHunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding National Maize Improvement CenterFrontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligent Breeding of Major Crops Fresh Corn Research Center of BTHCollege of Agronomy&Resources and EnvironmentTianjin Agricultural UniversityTianjin 300384China

Maize(Zea mays)cultivation is strongly affected by both abiotic and biotic stress,leading to reduced growth and *** has recently become clear that regulators of plant stress responses,including the phytohormones abscisic acid(ABA),ethylene(ET),and jasmonic acid(JA),together with reactive oxygen species(ROS),shape plant growth and *** their well established functions in stress responses,these molecules play crucial roles in balancing growth and defense,which must be finely tuned to achieve high yields in crops while maintaining some level of *** this review,we provide an in-depth analysis of recent research on the developmental functions of stress regulators,focusing specifically on *** unraveling the contributions of these regulators to maize development,we present new avenues for enhancing maize cultivation and growth while highlighting the potential risks associated with manipulating stress regulators to enhance grain yields in the face of environmental challenges.

关键词： stress regulators maize development ABA ET JA ROS

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Yields,growth and water use under chemical topping in relations to row configuration and plant density in drip-irrigated cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第2期7卷 123-136页

作者： Wang Xuejiao Hu Yanping Ji Chunrong Chen Yongfan Sun Shuai Zhang Zeshan Zhang Yutong Wang Sen Yang Mingfeng Ji Fen Guo Yanyun Li Jie Zhang Lizhen Xinjiang Agriculture Network Information center Xinjiang Agrometeorological ObservatoryUrumqi 830002China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830091China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China China meteorological Administration Institute of Desert MeteorologyUrumqi 830002China Wulanwusu Agrometeorological Station Shihezi 832199China Xinjiang Academy of agricultural Sciences China National Cotton R&D CenterUrumqi 830091China

Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid *** the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang,it is important to determine which planting mode could achieve high yield,fiber quality and water use efficiency(WUE).This study aimed to explore if chemical topping affected cotton yield,quality and water use in relation to row configuration and plant *** Experiments were carried out in Xinjiang China,in 2020 and 2021 with two topping method,manual topping and chemical topping,two plant densities,low and high,and two row configurations,i.e.,76 cm equal rows and 10+66 cm narrow-wide rows,which were commonly applied in matching harvest *** topping increased seed cotton yield,but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual *** equal row spacing,the WUE in higher density was 62.4%higher than in the lower ***,under narrow-wide row spacing,the WUE in lower density was 53.3%higher than in higher one(farmers’practice).For machine-harvest cotton in Xinjiang,the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m-2 or equal rows with 18 plants *** The plant density recommended in narrow-wide rows was less than farmers’practice and the density in equal rows was moderate with local *** results provide new knowledge on optimizing agronomic managements of machine-harvested cotton for both high yield and water efficient.

关键词： Yield components Fiber quality Transpiration Water use efficiency Heat ratio method(HRM)

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GST family genes in jujube actively respond to phytoplasma infection

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第1期10卷 77-90页

作者： Qipeng Wang Liman Zhang Chaoling Xue Yao Zhang Xiangrui Meng Zhiguo Liu Mengjun Liu Jin Zhao College of Life Science Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China Research center of Chinese Jujube Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China

Jujube witches’broom(JWB)caused by phytoplasma has a severely negative effect on multiple metabolisms in *** GST gene family in plants participates in the regulation of a variety of biotic and abiotic *** study aims to identify and reveal the changes in the jujube GST gene family in response to phytoplasma ***,70 ZjGSTs were identified in the jujube genome and divided into 8 *** them,the Tau-class,including 44 genes,was the *** analysis indicated that Tau-class genes were highly conserved among species,such as Arabidopsis,cotton,chickpea,and *** chromosome location analysis,37.1%of genes were clustered,and 8 of 9 gene clusters were composed of Tau class *** RT-PCR,qRT-PCR and enzyme activity detection,the results showed that the expression of half(20/40)of the tested ZjGSTs was inhibited by phytoplasma infection in field and tissue culture conditions,and GST activity was also significantly *** the resistant and susceptible varieties under phytoplasma infection,ZjGSTU49-ZjGSTU54 in the cluster IV showed opposite expression patterns,which may be due to functional divergence during *** upregulated genes(ZjGSTU45,ZjGSTU49,ZjGSTU59,and ZjGSTU70)might be involved in the process of jujube against *** yeast two-hybrid results showed that all 6 Tauclass proteins tested could form homodimers or ***,the comprehensive analysis of the jujube GST gene family revealed that ZjGSTs responded actively to phytoplasma ***,some screened genes(ZjGSTU24,ZjGSTU49-52,ZjGSTU70,and ZjDHAR10)will contribute to further functional studies of jujube-phytoplasma interactions.

关键词： Chinese jujube GST gene Family Phytoplasma Gene cluster Expression Protein interaction

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Variation Characteristics of Root Traits of Different Alfalfa Cultivars under Saline-Alkaline Stress and their Relationship with Soil Environmental Factors

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第1期93卷 29-43页

作者： Tian-Jiao Wei Guang Li Yan-Ru Cui Jiao Xie Xing-Ai Gao Xing Teng Xin-Ying Zhao Fa-Chun Guan Zheng-Wei Liang Northeast agricultural Research center of China Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun130033China Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130102China

Soil salinization is the main factor that threatens the growth and development of plants and limits the increase of *** is of great significance to study the key soil environmental factors affecting plant root traits to reveal the adaptation strategies of plants to saline-alkaline-stressed soil *** this study,the root biomass,root morphological parameters and root mineral nutrient content of two alfalfa cultivars with different sensitivities to alkaline stress were analyzed with black soil as the control group and the mixed saline-alkaline soil with a ratio of 7:3 between black soil and saline-alkaline soil as the saline-alkaline treatment *** the same time,the correlation analysis of soil salinity indexes,soil nutrient indexes and the activities of key enzymes involved in soil carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus cycles was carried *** results showed that compared with the control group,the pH,EC,and urease(URE)of the soil surrounding the roots of two alfalfa cultivars were significantly increased,while soil total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),organic carbon(SOC),andα-glucosidase activity(AGC)were significantly decreased under saline-alkaline *** was no significant difference in root biomass and root morphological parameters of saline-alkaline tolerant cultivar GN under saline-alkaline *** number of root tips(RT),root surface area(RS)and root volume(RV)of AG were reduced by 61.16%,44.54%,and 45.31%,respectively,compared with control *** ratios of K^(+)/Na^(+),Ca^(2+)/Na^(+)and Mg^(2+)/Na^(+)of GN were significantly higher than those of AG(p<0.05).The root fresh weight(RFW)and dry weight(RDW),root length(RL),RV and RT of alfalfa were positively regulated by soil SOC and TN,but negatively regulated by soil pH,EC,and URE(p<0.01).Root Ca^(2+)/Na+ratio was significantly positively correlated with soil TN,TP and SOC(p<0.01).The absorption of Mg and Ca ions in roots is significantly negatively regulated by soilβ-glucosidase ac

关键词： Saline-alkaline stress alfalfa root traits soil environmental factors correlation analysis

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Evaluation and projection of marine heatwaves in the South China Sea: insights from CMIP6 multi-model ensemble

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第7期43卷 15-25页

作者： Kai Liu Kang Xu Tongxin Han Congwen Zhu Nina Li Anboyu Guo Xiaolu Huang National Marine Environmental Forecasting center Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China National meteorological center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region meteorological Observatory Huhhot 010051China

This study evaluates the performance of 16 models sourced from the coupled model intercomparison project phase 6(CMIP6)in simulating marine heatwaves(MHWs)in the South China Sea(SCS)during the historical period(1982−2014),and also investigates future changes in SCS MHWs based on simulations from three shared socioeconomic pathway(SSP)scenarios(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585)using CMIP6 *** demonstrate that the CMIP6 models perform well in simulating the spatial-temporal distribution and intensity of SCS MHWs,with their multi-model ensemble(MME)results showing the best *** reasonable agreement between the observations and CMIP6 MME reveals that the increasing trends of SCS MHWs are attributed to the warming sea surface temperature *** various SSP scenarios,the year 2040 emerges as pivotal juncture for future shifts in SCS MHWs,marked by distinct variations in changing rate and *** is characterized by an accelerated decrease in MHWs frequency and a notably heightened increase in mean intensity,duration,and total days after ***,the projection results for SCS MHWs suggest that the spatial pattern of MHWs remains consistent across future ***,the intensity shows higher consistency only during the near-term period(2021−2050),while notable inconsistencies are observed during the medium-term(2041−2070)and long-term(2071−2100)periods under the three SSP *** the nearterm period,the SCS MHWs are characterized by moderate and strong events with high frequencies and relatively shorter *** contrast,during the medium-term period,MHWs are also characterized by moderate and strong events,but with longer-lasting and more intense events under the SSP245 and SSP585 ***,in the long-term period,extreme MHWs become the dominant feature under the SSP585 scenario,indicating a substantial intensification of SCS MHWs,effectively establishing a near-permanent state.

关键词： marine heatwaves South China Sea global warming future projections CMIP6

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Accurate Shortwave Radiation Simulation with a Two-Layer Aerosol Model in Xinjiang Region

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Journal of meteorological Research 2024年第1期38卷 69-87页

作者： Guan HUANG Yonghang CHEN Qiong LIU Pengtao WANG Qianshan HE Qing HE Shuai LI Weiling SHAO Ting FAN School of Tourism&Research Institute of Human Geography Xi’an International Studies UniversityXi’an 710128 center for Silk Road and Eurasian Civilization Studies Xi’an International Studies UniversityXi’an 710128 College of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620 Shanghai meteorological Service Shanghai 200030 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health Shanghai 200030 Taklimakan Desert Meteorology Field Experiment Station of China meteorological Administration Institute of Desert MeteorologyUrumqi 830002 Xinjiang Climate Centre Xinjiang Meteorological ServiceUrumqi 830002

To harness the rich solar energy resources in Xinjiang Region of Northwest China,this study tries to address the issue of lack of downward surface shortwave radiation(DSSR)observations and the need to improve the accuracy of satellite retrieval and numerical simulation of DSSR under varied sky and meteorological conditions.(1)A two-layer aerosol model specific to Xinjiang was developed to capture the vertical distributions of aerosols based on multiple data sources including lidar,GPS sounding,ground meteorological observations,and profiles from the ECMWF reanalysis version 5(ERA5)*** results show that the ERA5/PBLH(planetary boundary layer height)and ERA5/ALH(aerosol layer height)could be used to establish the two-layer aerosol model and characterize the vertical distribution of aerosols in Xinjiang Region.(2)Using the Santa Barbara Discrete Atmospheric Radiative Transfer(SBDART)model,a localized inverse model of clear-sky DSSR was *** parameter adjustment and using the optimal combination of input parameters for DSSR simulation together with the two-layer aerosol model,the model-simulated DSSR(DSSRSBD)under clear-sky conditions improved significantly compared to the initial results,with all fitting indices greatly improved.(3)In addition,the study demonstrated that the impact of the two-layer aerosol model on DSSR was more pronounced under dust conditions than clear-sky conditions.(4)Using the localized clear-sky DSSR inversion model and its required parameters,simulations were also conducted to capture the spatiotemporal distribution of DSSR under clear-sky conditions in Xinjiang from 2017 to *** annual average DSSR_(SBD)under clear-sky conditions in Xinjiang during 2017–2019 was 606.78 W m^(-2),while DSSR from CERES(DSSR_(CER))under the same conditions was generally higher(703.95 W m^(-2)).(5)It is found that satellite remote sensing products experienced data loss in high-altitude snow areas,where numerical simulation technology could ser

关键词： downward surface shortwave radiation(DSSR) aerosol vertical distribution Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System(CERES) Santa Barbara Discrete Atmospheric Radiative Transfer(SBDART) Xinjiang

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