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Ages, Trace Elements and Hf-Isotopic Compositions of Zircons from Claystones around the Permian-Triassic Boundary in the Zunyi Section, South China: Implications for Nature and Tectonic Setting of the Volcanism

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第6期26卷 872-882页

作者： Qiuling Gao Zhong-Qiang Chen Ning Zhang William L.Griffin Wenchen Xia Guoqing Wang Tengfei Jiang Xuefei Xia Suzanne Y.O'Reilly Exploration & Development research Institute Zhongyuan Oilfield Company School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Australian research Council centre of excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems and GEMOC National Key centre Department of Earth and Planetary Science Macquarie University State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Shandong Lunan Institute of Geo-Engineering Exploration Jianghan oilfield Company

A growing body of evidence shows that volcanism near the Permian-Triassic boundary（PTB） may be crucial in triggering the Permian–Triassic（P–Tr） mass extinction. Thus, the ash beds near the PTB in South China may carry information on this event. Three volcanic ash layers, altered to clay, outcropped in the PTB beds in Zunyi Section, Guizhou Province, Southwest China. The U-Pb ages, trace elements, and Hf-isotope compositions of zircon grains from these three ash beds were analyzed using LA-ICPMS and LA-MC-ICPMS. The zircons are mainly magmatic in origin（241-279 Ma） except for two inherited/xenocrystic zircons（939 and 2 325 Ma）. The ages of these magmatic zircons indicate three episodes of magmatism which occurred around the MiddleLate Permian boundary（-261.5 Ma, MLPB）, the Wuchiapingian-Changhsingian boundary（-254.5 Ma, WCB）, and the PTB（-250.5 Ma）, respectively. The first two episodes of magmatism near the MLPB and WCB may be attributed to magmatic inheritance or re-deposition. All magmatic zircons share similar trace-element and Hf-isotope compositions. They have Y, Hf, Th and U contents and Nb/Ta ratios are typical of zircons from silicic calc-alkaline magmas. These zircons also exhibit enriched Hf-isotope compositions with _（εHf）（t） values of-11.4 to ＋0.2, which suggests that the three magmatic episodes involved melting of the continental crust. The more enriched Hf-isotope composition （_（εHf）（t）=-11.4--4.8） of Bed ZY13（-250.5 Ma） implies more input of ancient crustal material in the magma. Integration of the Hf-isotope and trace-element compositions of magmatic zircons suggest that these three episodes of magmatism may take place along the convergent continent margin in or near southwestern South China as a result of the closure of the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean.

关键词： Permian-Triassic boundary zircon trace elements Hf isotope silicic volcanism,convergent continental margin South China.

Solar-driven photothermal catalytic CO_(2) conversion:a review

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 2913-2939页

作者： Bachirou Guene Lougou Bo-Xi Geng Ru-Ming Pan Wei Wang Tian-Tian Yan Fang-Hua Li Hao Zhang Oraléou SanguéDjandja Yong Shuai Meisam Tabatabaei Daniel Sabi Takou School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems Engineering Research Center of None-Food Biomass Efficient Pyrolysis and Utilization Technology of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesDongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China Higher Institution centre of excellence(HICoE) Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries(AKUATROP)Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala NerusMalaysia Department of Biomaterials Saveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai600077India école Polytechnique d'Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi2009CotonouBenin

It is highly desirable to seek green and sustainable technologies,such as employing photo thermal effects to drive energy catalysis processes to address the high energy demand and associated environmental impacts induced by the current *** photothermocatalysis process is an emerging research area with great potential in efficiently converting solar energy through various catalytic ***,achieving simultaneously high conversion efficiency,cyclability,and durability is still a daunting ***,tremendous work is still needed to enhance solar photo thermal catalytic conversion and promote its large-scale *** review developed the principles of coupling solar photon and thermal fields underlying the photothermal effect,exploration of efficient nanocatalysts,development of optofluidic reactor model,and photo thermal synergistic-driven CO_(2) reduction *** ultimate goal was to provide an effective approach that can effectively convert solar energy into photocarriers/hot-electrons and heat,and importantly,can couple them to regulate catalysis reaction pathways toward the production of value-added fuel and chemical energy.

关键词： Photochemistry Photothermal CO_(2)catalytic conversion Nanomaterial Solar fuels and chemicals

Feasibility Study of Melon Seed Oil as a Source of Biodiesel

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2015年第8期3卷 24-27页

作者： Kennedy Izuchukwu Ogunwa Samuel Ofodile Ozioma Achugasim World Bank african centre of excellence in oilfield chemicals Institute Of Petroleum Studies University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

Melon seed oils were extracted at a very high yield of 52.2%. The extracted oil was subjected to oil quality tests and subsequently transesterified to give fatty acid methyl esters or biodiesel. The biodiesel was also subjected to fuel quality tests. The results showed that the extracted oil had specific gravity of 0.91 and moisture content of 0.90% indicating that the oil is a very good energy source, a good candidate for transesterification and will not be easily susceptible to microbial attack and autooxidation. The fuel quality parameters of the produced biodiesel showed that it conforms to standards for biodiesel and compares well with a standard petrodiesel.

关键词： Biodiesel Melon Petrodiesel Transesterification

Applications of nanoparticles in enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum research 2022年第1期7卷 77-90页

作者： Anirbid Sircar Kamakshi Rayavarapu Namrata Bist Kriti Yadav Surbhi Singh centre of excellence for Geothermal Energy GandhinagarRaisan382007GujaratIndia

Nanoparticles serve variouspurposes in the hydrocarbon industry which are utilized to improve the volumeof oil and gas *** are used in petroleum applications as nanoparticles,nanosensors,nanocomposites,coated nanoparticles,nanofluids ***,the application of nanotechnology in the enhanced oil recovery(EOR)method helps to extract the trapped oil present beneath the *** nano ultra-fine particles are cost-effective and *** injected fluid interacts with the rock/oil systemto create a favourable environment for oil *** study focuses on a review of the different types of nanoparticles and nanomaterials used in petroleum *** paper aims to study the classification and characterization of *** also includes the physiochemical and mechanical properties of *** study discusses the applications of nanoparticles in chemical,miscible,thermal and microbial *** mainly focuses on various mechanisms involved by adding nanoparticles such as wettability alteration,IFT reduction,rheology improvement,mobility control *** research also addresses new green nanomaterials and nanocomposites,which includes injecting specialized green chemicals(surfactants,alcohols,and polymers)that successfully displace *** IFT between the displacing fluid and the oil is reduced due to phase-behaviour properties.

关键词： Nano technology Nanofluids Enhanced oil recovery Interfacial tension Green nanomaterials

Estimating Volume of Shale in a Clastic Niger Delta Reservoir from Well Logs: A Comparative Study

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第10期12卷 949-959页

作者： Vianney M. Kamayou Chukwuemeka N. Ehirim Sunday S. Ikiensikimama Africa centre of excellence Centre for Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR) University of Port Harcourt Choba Port Har-court Rivers State Nigeria Department of Physics University of Port Harcourt Choba Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria Department of Petroleum and Gas Engineering University of Port Harcourt Choba Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria

The volume of shale (Vsh) is a critical parameter in petrophysical analysis that enables the accurate estimation of other petrophysical parameters like effective porosity, saturation and Net-to-Gross. This is an important step in characterization of reservoirs as well as valuation of hydrocarbon potentials. GR (Gamma Ray), Neutron and Density as well as Potassium, Uranium and Thorium logs were adopted to estimate and analyze Vsh for sand 4 reservoir interval across five wells using the empirical (GR-linear and non-linear) and Neutron-Density methods. Results show that Vsh estimated by the different methods varied from 0.24 - 0.39 for the GR linear method (highest), 0.12 - 0.24 for the Larionov method (intermediate), and 0.04 - 0.28 for the Neutron-Density method (lowest). Although the Neutron-Density m

关键词： Volume of Shale GRI GR Method Neutron-Density Method

Ru(bpy)_(3)^(2+)-sensitized{001}facets LiCoO_(2) nanosheets catalyzed CO_(2) reduction reaction with 100% carbonaceous products

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Nano research 2022年第2期15卷 1061-1068页

作者： Shuaiyu Jiang Junxian Liu Kun Zhao Dandan Cui Porun Liu Huajie Yin Mohammad Al-Mamun Sean ELowe Weiping Zhang Yu Lin Zhong Jun Chen Yun Wang Dan Wang Huijun Zhao centre for Catalysis and Clean Energy Gold Coast campusGriffith UniversityQLD 4222Australia Intelligent Polymer research Institute and ARC centre of excellence for Electromaterials Science University of WollongongWollongongNSW 2500Australia Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution ControlSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Health and Pollution ControlGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering CAS Centre for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China

Photosensitized heterogeneous CO_(2) reduction(PHCR)has emerged as a promising means to convert CO_(2) into valuable chemicals,however,challenged by the relatively low carbonaceous product selectivity caused by the competing hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Here,we report a PHCR system that couples Ru(bpy)32+photosensitizer with{001}faceted LiCoO_(2) nanosheets photocatalyst to simultaneously yield 21.2 and 722μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) of CO,and 4.42 and 108μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) of CH4 under the visible light and the simulated sunlight irradiations,respectively,with completely suppressed *** experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the favored CO_(2) adsorption on the exposed Li sites on{001}faceted LiCoO_(2) surface is responsible for the completely suppressed HER.

关键词： homogeneous-heterogeneous catalysis system ultrathin LiCoO_(2)nanosheets photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction suppressed hydrogen evolution reaction

Possible Synergistic Toxicity of Oxygen Scavenger and Defoamer on the Niger Delta Freshwater <i>Tilapia guineensis</i>

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2021年第11期12卷 903-912页

作者： Ikechukwu Kingsley Anyanwu Ogbonna Friday Joel Owunari Abraham Georgewill World Bank Africa centre of excellence in oilfield Chemical research (ACE-CEFOR) University of Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Basic Medical Science University of Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria

Globally, the generation of produced water keeps increasing due to depleting wells and about 40% of this wastewater is disposed of into the environment. Produced water is made up of several components that are toxic in nature, like production chemicals that are used for oil and gas production activities. Oxygen scavenger and defoamer are commonly used for corrosion prevention as both are applied at different stages of corrosion prevention. Evaluation of the possible synergistic toxicity contribution of oxygen scavenger and defoamer formed the basis of this research and was conducted using the Tilapia guineensis as bio-indicator. The toxicity test was carried out using the ELIMINOX (oxygen scavenger) and EC9017A (defoamer) individually and both chemicals were combined together. The choice of these chemicals was premised on previous researches that have confirmed that they are toxic individually, without further research on how they interact when they are combined. These chemicals and freshwater were used to generate produced water samples in the laboratory. The experiment was set up by adding ten fishes into each of the glass containers, containing the produced water samples at different concentrations and a control sample without the chemicals. The rate of mortality of the fish for the individual chemicals ranged from 100% to 10% for the different percentage concentrations. While on the other hand, a combination of the two chemicals had more survival than mortality, the percentage survival rate ranged from 100% to 90% across all the percentage concentrations. The lethal concentration also showed that the oxygen scavenger was more toxic than the defoamer, however, when they were combined;they showed an antagonistic relationship as the toxicity of the oxygen scavenger drastically reduced. The research findings intend to create awareness of the possible interaction of production chemicals when they are used for oil and gas activities and their combined toxicity

关键词： Produced Water Oxygen Scavenger Defoamer Tilapia guineensis Toxicity Lethal Concentration Synergetic Effects

Geochemical investigation of low latitude black shale intervals of the Lower to Middle Jurassic succession, Indus Basin, Pakistan

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2022年第3期16卷 568-586页

作者： Fahad ALI Shiqi ZHANG Muhammad HANIF Mohibullah MOHIBULLAH Yaxuan ZHANG Muhammad USMAN Sheng WANG Xueliang LIU Pengjie MA Dongmou HUANG School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580China Department of Geology Bacha Khan UniversityCharsadda 24430Pakistan National centre of excellence in Geology University of PeshawarPeshawar 25000Pakistan Department of Geology University of BalochistanQuetta 87300Pakistan School of geosciences The University of EdinburghEdinburghEH89JUUK Lukeqin Oil Production Plant PetroChina Tuha OilfieldTurpan City 828202China

The Lower to Middle Jurassic sedimentary succession is dominated by siliciclastics with a significant amount of black shales in the Indus Basin,*** outcrop samples have been studied using an integrated approach to interpret the conceptual depositional setting from carbon and oxygen isotopes(δ^(13)C&δ18O),organic geochemistry,and palynofacies with major and trace element *** interpretation of trace element data,various single and elemental ratios have been used in this research to unlock the geological history of the studied ***/Al is 1.96 for high-potential source rock and 7.82 for non-potential source rock,and Cr(less than 1)indicates low clastic input with low oxygen for stratified and stagnant *** ratios of V/(V+Cr),V/(V+Ni),V/Mo,V/Ni,(Cu+Mo)/Zn,Mo/Al,isotopic values ofδ^(13)C andδ18O and besides the V/Cr elemental ratio,all proxies indicate that there are oxygen-depleted anoxic conditions at high potentials,while in non-potential source rock,these ratios show oxic to sub-oxic *** addition to the trace element correlation with total organic carbon,the influx of organic matter is determined by the palynoafacies analysis,which indicates mixed terrestrial and marine organic influx in high-potential source rock and vice ***,the studies of palynofaceis DFPF A-D and SFPF A-B suggest that the depositional setting of black shale occurred in the anoxic proximal to distal *** results suggest that the regional and local occurrence of black shale during the Lower to Middle Jurassic and its geological condition were addressed,and these play an important role in its depositional and paleooceanographic setting in the Eastern Tethys.

关键词： black shale Jurassic trace elements organic matter Indus Basin Pakistan

Oral Cadmium Intake Enhances Contact Allergen-induced Skin Reaction in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第11期35卷 1038-1050页

作者： Dina Tucovic Jelena Kulas Ivana Mirkov Dusanka Popovic Lidija Zolotarevski Marta Despotovic Milena Kataranovski Aleksandra Popov Aleksandrov Immunotoxicology Group Department of EcologyInstitute for Biological Research"Sinisa Stankovic"-National Institute of Republic of SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade142 Bulevar despota Stefana11060 BelgradeSerbia Medical College of Applied Sciences 254 Cara Dusana11080 BelgradeSerbia centre of research excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism Institute for Medical ResearchUniversity of Belgrade11 Tadeusa Koscuska 111000 BelgradeSerbia

Objective The effect of oral cadmium(Cd)intake to influence contact skin allergies was examined,since it is known that Cd is a heavy metal that affects many tissues,including the skin,in which it disturbs homeostasis,thus resulting in inflammation and *** Male rats were evoked with experimental contact hypersensitivity reaction(CHS)to hapten dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB),after prolonged(30 day)oral exposure to an environmentally relevant Cd dose(5 ppm).The ear cell population was analyzed with flow *** production by ear skin cells and the activity of skin-draining lymph node(DLN)cells were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Orally acquired Cd(5 ppm)increased CHS intensity only in Dark Agouti(DA)rats by affecting inflammatory responses in both the sensitization(an increase of IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokine production)and challenge(an increase of CD8^(+)and CD4^(+)cell number and TNF,IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokine production)*** increased CHS reaction was seen in Albino Oxford(AO)rats only at a high Cd dose(50 ppm),during the challenge phase(an increase of CD8^(+)and CD4^(+)cell number and TNF,IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokine production).Conclusion These novel data indicate that oral Cd intensifies the skin response to sensitizing chemicals such as DNCB.

关键词： Cadmium(Cd) Contact hypersensitivity reaction(CHS) Dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB)