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A combinatorial approach of developing alloy thin films using co-sputtering technique for displays

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 79-87页

作者： Jaydeep SARKAR Tien-Heng HUANG Lih-Ping WANG Peter H. McDONALD Chi-Fung LO Paul S. GILMAN Praxair Electronics 560 Route 303 Orangeburg Materials and Chemical research laboratories Photovoltaic Technology Center Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI)

In this study we have used a combinatorial approach for producing binary and ternary alloy thin film libraries using a lab-scale RF co-sputtering system. Initially we used two elemental sputtering targets, i.e. aluminum (Al) target and neodymium (Nd) target, to produce a film library of varying composition and successfully identified a suitable composition range (1.95–2.38 at% Nd) in which resistance to hillock formation and resistivity of the film spots were found to be satisfactory in annealed state (350°C, 30 min). In another case, in order to form ternary alloy composition library we have used two sputtering targets, i.e. an Al-0.5 at% Nd alloy target and an elemental Ni target. Though, co-sputtered Al-0.6 at% Nd-0.9 at% Ni alloy films showed satisfactory resistance to hillock formation and low resistivity after annealing, film deposited from a ternary alloy target with the same composition failed to show satisfactory resistance to hillock formation during annealing. In case of Al-0.6 at% Nd-0.9 at% Ni alloy target, 250 nm thick film showed poor resistance to hillock formation than the 500 nm thick film. This clearly showed thickness-dependent hillock performance of Al-0.6 at% Nd-0.9 at% Ni alloy. In this study it was found that, in addition to the process variables, metallurgical microstructure of the alloy sputtering targets had significant effect on the film properties which was not obvious from the results of films deposited using co-sputtering of the individual elemental targets.

关键词： co-sputtering thin films aluminum alloys displays

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Intense blue-emitting Ca_2PO_4Cl:Eu^(2+) phosphor for near-ultraviolet converting white light-emitting diodes

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Journal of Rare Earths 2010年第S1期28卷 250-253页

作者： Yi-Chen Chiu Chun-Kuei Chang Yao-Tsung Yeh Shyue-Ming Jang Material and Chemical research laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Phosphors research Laboratory and Department of Applied Chemistry National Chiao Tung University

A blue phosphor Ca2PO4Cl:Eu2+(CAP:Eu2+) was synthesized by solid state *** Ca2PO4Cl:Eu2+ exhibited high quantum efficiency and excellent thermal *** luminescent intensity of Ca2PO4Cl:Eu2+ was found to be 128% under excitation at 380 nm,149% under 400 nm,and 247% under 420 nm as high as that of BaMgAl10O17:Eu2+.The optimal doping concentration was observed to 11 mol.% of CAP:Eu2+.The energy transfer between Eu2+ ions in CAP were occurred via electric multipolar interaction,and the critical transfer distance was estimated to be 1.26 nm.A mixture of blue-emitting Ca2PO4Cl:Eu2+,green-emitting(Ba,Sr)2SiO4:Eu2+ and red-emitting CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphors were selected in conjunction with 400 nm chip to fabricate white LED *** average color-rendering index Ra and correlated color temperature(Tc) of the white LEDs were found to be 93.4 and 4590 K,*** results indicated that it was a promising candidate as a blue-emitting phosphor for the near-UV white light-emitting diodes.

关键词： Ca2PO4Cl:Eu2+ phosphors luminscense rare earths

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Analytical Model for Nanotoxic Assessment of a Human Respiratory System

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Journal of Wuhan University of technology(Materials Science) 2010年第6期25卷 903-908页

作者： Neng-Chuan Tien Chun-Ping Jen Energy and Environment research laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Cheng University

A computational model for nanotoxicology was developed based on the model proposed by International Commission on Radiological ***,the fate and transport of inhaled nanoparticles in human respiratory tract were investigated by employing the compartmental *** uncertainty analysis using Latin hypercube technique was performed to address the uncertainty level of the required parameters in *** methodology could be employed in assessing the heath risks associated with general public or occupational exposure.

关键词： nanotoxicology clearance model risk assessment uncertainty

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User-guided line abstraction using coherence and structure analysis

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Computational Visual Media 2017年第2期3卷 177-188页

作者： Hui-Chi Tsai Ya-Hsuan Lee Ruen-Rone Lee Hung-Kuo Chu Department of Computer Science "National Tsing Hua University" Information and Communications research laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute

Line drawing is a style of image abstraction where the perceptual content of the image is conveyed using distinct straight or curved lines. However,extracting semantically salient lines is not trivial and mastered only by skilled artists. While many parametric filters have successfully extracted accurate and coherent lines, their results are sensitive to parameter choice and easily lead to either an excessive or insufficient number of lines. In this work, we present an interactive system to generate concise line abstractions of arbitrary images via a few user specified strokes. Specifically, the user simply has to provide a few intuitive strokes on the input images, including tracing roughly along edges and scribbling on the region of interest, through a sketching interface. The system then automatically extracts lines that are long,coherent and share similar textural structures to form a corresponding highly detailed line drawing. We have tested our system with a wide variety of images. Our experimental results show that our system outperforms state-of-the-art techniques in terms of quality and efficiency.

关键词： line abstraction interactive drawing coherence strokes structure strokes stroke matching

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Performance Investigation of Capillary Tubes for Machine Tool Coolers Retrofitted with HFC-407C Refrigerant

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第5期25卷 933-939页

作者： WANG Fujen CHANG Tongbou CHIANG Weiming LEE Haochung Department of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering Chin-Yi University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Southern Taiwan University Energy & Environment research laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute

The machine tool coolers are the best managers of coolant temperature in avoiding the deviation of spindle centerline for machine tools. However, the machine coolers are facing the compressed schedule to phase out the HCFC （hydro-chloro-floro-carbon） refrigerant and little attention has been paid to comparative study on sizing capillary tube for retrofitted HFC （hydro-floro-carbon） refrigerant. In this paper, the adiabatic flow in capillary tube is analyzed and modeled for retrofitting of HFC-407C refrigerant in a machine tool cooler system. A computer code including determining the length of sub-cooled flow region and the two phase region of capillary tube is developed. Comparative study of HCFC-22 and HFC-407C in a capillary tube is derived and conducted to simplify the traditional trial-and-error method of predicting the length of capillary tubes. Besides, experimental investigation is carried out by field tests to verify the simulation model and cooling performance of the machine tool cooler system. The results from the experiments reveal that the numerical model provides an effective approach to determine the performance data of capillary tube specific for retrofitting a HFC-407C machine tool cooler. The developed machine tool cooler system is not only directly compatible with new HFC-407C refrigerant, but can also perform a cost-effective temperature control specific for industrial machines.

关键词： machine tool cooler capillary tube refrigerant retrofitting

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Characterization and bacterial toxicity of lanthanum oxide bulk and nanoparticles

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第12期30卷 1298-1302页

作者： Brabu Balusamy Yamuna Gowri Kandhasamy Anitha Senthamizhan Gopalakrishnan Chandrasekaran Murugan Siva Subramanian Kumaravel Tirukalikundram S Nanotechnology research Center SRM University GLR laboratories Private Limited Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology-Madras GLR laboratories Private Limited WillinghamCambridge

This study evaluated the bacterial toxicity of lanthanum oxide micron and nano sized particles using shake flask method against gram-positive （Staphylococcus aureus） and gram-negative （Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa） bacteria. Particle size, morphology and chemical composition were determined using scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）. Results indicated that lanthanum oxide nanoparticles showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, but not against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It was speculated that lanthanum oxide produced this effect by interacting with the gram-positive bacterial cell wall. Furthermore, lanthanum oxide bulk particles were fotmd to enhance the pyocyanin pigment production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

关键词： lanthanum oxide: nanoparticles: bacterial toxicity: pyocyanin rare earths

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Cu^(Ⅱ)-loaded polydopaminecoatingswith in situ nitric oxidegenerationfunctionforimproved hemocompatibility

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2020年第2期7卷 153-160页

作者： Lei Zhou Xin Li Kebing Wang Fangyu Shen Lu Zhang Peichuang Li Tengda Shang Jin Wang Nan Huang Key laboratories of advanced technology for Materials of Education Ministry School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduSichuan 610031China

NO is the earliest discovered gas signal molecule which is produced by normal healthy endothelial cells,and it has many functions,such as maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis,regulating vasodilation,inhibiting intimal hyperplasia and preventing atherosclerosis in the blood *** NO release is often observed in the pathological environment,for instance *** was discovered that NO could be released from the human endogenous NO donor by many compounds,and these methods can be used for the treatment of certain diseases in the blood *** this work,a series of copper-loaded polydopamine(PDA)coatings were produced through self-polymerization time for 24,48 and 72 *** chemical composition and structure,coating thickness and hydrophilicity of the different copper-loaded PDA coatings surfaces were characterized by phenol hydroxyl quantitative,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,ellipsometry atomic force microscopy and water contact *** results indicate that the thickness and the surface phenolic hydroxyl density of the PDA coatings increased with the polymerization *** copperloaded coating has glutathione peroxidase-like activity,and it has the capability of catalyzing NO releasing from *** surface of the coating showed desirable hemocompatibility,the adhesion and activation of platelets were inhibited on the copper-loaded *** the same time,the formation of the thrombosis was also *** copper-loaded PDA coatings could provide a promising platform for the development of blood contact materials.

关键词： nitric oxide polydopamine coating copper ion hemocompatibility

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Xylyl derived oxacalixcrowns:Synthesis and crystal structure

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2013年第4期24卷 279-282页

作者： Xiao-Yan Li Chun Hu Ming-Liang Ma Yahu A.Liu Xian-Qiang Mi Biao Jiang Ke Wen Shanghai Engineering research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development East China Normal University Medicinal Chemistry ChemBridge Research Laboratories Inc. Sustainable technology research Center Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of Science

Oxacalixcrowns 1, 2 and 3 were synthesized via reactions of dihydroxyoxacalix[2]arene[2]pyrazine S with ortho-, meta- and para-bis（bromomethyl）benzenes in a 1：1 fashion. The structures and conformations of 1, 2 and... 详细信息

关键词： OxacalixareneOxacalixcrownCrown etherMacrocycle

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Resistance switching for RRAM applications

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2011年第5期54卷 1073-1086页

作者： CHEN Frederick T. LEE HengYuan HSU YenYa CHEN PangShiu LIU WenHsing TSAI ChenHan SHEU ShyhShyuan TSAI MingJinn Nanoelectronic technology Division Electronics and Optoelectronics Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Ming Shin University of Science and Technology

Resistive random access memory (RRAM or ReRAM) is a non-volatile memory (NVM) technology that consumes minimal energy while offering sub-nanosecond switching. In addition, the data stability against high temperature and cycling wear is very robust, allowing new NVM applications in a variety of markets (au- tomotive, embedded, storage, RAM). Based on sudden conduction through oxide insulators, the characteristics of RRAM technology have still yet to be fully described. In this paper, we present our current understanding of this very promising technology.

关键词： random access memory storage oxide breakdown oxygen vacancies

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When AI meets sustainable 6G

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期 4-22页

作者： Xiaohu YOU Yongming HUANG Cheng ZHANG Jiaheng WANG Hao YIN Hequan WU National Mobile Communications research Laboratory Southeast University Purple Mountain laboratories Chinese Academy of Military Science China Information Communication Technologies Group

Sixth-generation(6G) networks are anticipated to achieve transformative advancements, characterized by extreme connectivity, deep integration with artificial intelligence(AI) and sensing, and airground integration. The evolution of 6G exhibits two major trends: ubiquitous intelligence and sustainability. The former aims to embed state-of-the-art AI technology into the 6G network, from the physical layers to applications, while the latter emphasizes reducing energy consumption while enhancing network performance to address environmental concerns. Despite the amazing progress in recent years, AI advancements come with substantial increases in data and computational overhead, posing critical challenges for integrating AI into sustainable 6G networks. First, high energy consumption from large datasets and heavyweight AI models contradicts6G's green goals. Second, the precise collection of large datasets, message delivery latency, and inference delays in AI models pose challenges for real-time tasks in 6G. Third, the uninterpretability and unpredictability of AI models complicate meeting the stringent requirements for controllable transmission in dynamic wireless environments. Addressing these challenges and achieving sustainable 6G with ubiquitous intelligence calls for a revolutionary design of 6G architecture and AI frameworks. To this end, this paper introduces a novel and practical methodology for green, real-time, and controllable 6G native intelligence,starting with knowledge graph(KG) analysis to extract small but critical datasets, followed by the development of distributed lightweight AI models, and the use of digital twins(DTs) to create precise replicas of physical 6G networks. This leads to a pervasive multi-level(PML)-AI framework supported by a task-centric, three-layer 6G architecture. The AI framework operates through non-real-time and real-time cycles, leveraging three key technologies: wireless data KGs for efficient data management,lightweight AI mode

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