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Burn injury prevention in low-and middleincome countries:scoping systematic review

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Burns & Trauma 2021年第1期9卷 123-144页

作者： Kate Price Kwang Chear Lee Katherine E.Woolley Henry Falk Michael Peck Richard Lilford Naiem Moiemen College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUK University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust Queen Elizabeth Hospital BirminghamMindelsohn WayEdgbastonBirminghamB152WBUK Institute of Applied Health Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB152TTUK adjunct professor of Environmental Health Emory UniversityRollins School of Public HealthAtlantaGA 30322US clinical professor of Surgery University of Arizona College of MedicinePhoenixAZ 85004US

Background:Burn injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and disability,with the burden of disease being disproportionately higher in low-and middle-income countries(LMIC).Burn prevention programmes have led to significant reductions in the incidence of burns in high-income ***,a previous systematic review published in 2015 highlighted that implementation and evaluation of similar programmes has been limited in *** objective of this scoping review and narrative synthesis was to summarise and understand the initiatives that have been carried out to reduce burn injuries in LMIC and their ***:We aimed to identify publications that described studies of effectiveness of burn prevention interventions applied to any population within a LMIC and measured burn incidence or burns-related *** publications were identified from three ***,data was extracted from manuscripts identified in the systematic review published by Rybarczyk et *** then performed a search for manuscripts on burn prevention interventions published between January 2015 and September ***,we extracted data from two systematic reviews where burn evidence was not the primary outcome,which were identified by senior authors.A quality assessment and narrative synthesis of included manuscripts were ***:In total,24 manuscripts were identified and categorized according to intervention *** majority of manuscripts(n=16)described education-based *** manuscripts focused on environmental modification interventions and four adopted a mixedmethods *** of the education-based initiatives demonstrated improvements in knowledge relating to burn safety or first aid,however few measured the impact of their intervention on burn *** manuscripts described population-based educational interventions and noted reductions in burn *** one of the four manuscripts describing environmental modification i

关键词： Burns Prevention Low-and-middle income countries Systematic review

Seaweed dermatitis:a case report

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Journal of Coastal Life medicine 2014年第1期 44-48页

作者： Beuy Joob Viroj Wiwanitkit Sanitation 1 Medical Academic Center Bangkok Thailand Visiting professor Faculty of MedicineHainan UniversityChinavisiting professorFaculty of MedicineUniversity of NisSerbiaadjunct professorJoseph Ayobabalola UniversityNigeria

Seaweed dermatitis is an uncommon kind of dermatitis that might be seen in some clinical centers at coastal ***,the authors report a case of seaweed *** is a male patient presented to the physician in charge complaining of skin *** examination,the clusters of reddish-brown vesicles along high right leg can be *** case was diagnosed to have seaweed dermatitis and treated by steroid therapy.

关键词： Seaweed Dermatitis Steroid therapy

Commentary: “Ockham’s Razor” Doesn’t Apply to “Opioid” Overdose Death

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Journal of Biosciences and medicines 2021年第1期9卷 98-104页

作者： John F. Peppin Joseph V. Pergolizzi Jr. Eugene Vortsman Robert B. Raffa Marian University College of Osteopathic medicine (clinical adjunct professor) Indianapolis IN USA Enalare Therapeutics Inc. Princeton NJ USA Neumentum Inc. Summit NJ USA NEMA Research Inc. Naples FL USA Northwell Health New Hyde Park NY USA University of Arizona College of Pharmacy (adjunct professor) Tucson AZ USA Temple University School of Pharmacy (professor Emeritus) Philadelphia PA USA

Polysubstance Abuse (PSA) greatly complicates an attempt to implicate a single drug as sole cause of an overdose death. Since PSA now occurs in the majority of cases of drug overdoses, many or most overdose deaths are polysubstance overdose deaths. And since many of the substances involved in a polysubstance Overdose Death (POD) are Central Nervous System (CNS) depressants, many of which can cause overdose death themselves, or synergistically with opioids, it is somewhat puzzling that prescription opioids have been singled out as the cause of these deaths—without reference to PSA. This is particularly puzzling in light of the fact that the issues of PSA and POD have been recognized and discussed in the literature since at least the 1960’s and before. We therefore here consider the question: are we facing an “opioid” crisis or, instead, a “polysubstance crisis”? And we wonder if the issue has been over-simplified, to the detriment of the individuals affected, and to society more broadly. There is a need for an “agnostic” respiratory stimulant that can reverse polysubstance-induced respiratory depression.

关键词： Opioid Overdose Polysubstance Use Polysubstance Overdose Treatment

Acupoint Herbal Patching with or without Conventional Treatment for Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: a Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2015年第1期1卷 45-58页

作者： Fen Zhou Ya-Wei Shan George Lewith Jian-Ping Liu Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine nursing School Beijing University of Chinese Medicine University of Southampton

Background: Acupoint herbal patching(AHP) alone or as an adjuvant therapy with conventional treatment(CT) has been widely used for prevention and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). However, current clinical evidence from a systematic review of RCTs is ***: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of AHP with or without CT for people with COPD at stable ***: We searched randomized controlled trials comparing AHP(with or without CT) with no intervention, placebo, or CT from six databases. Two authors selected studies, extracted data and evaluated risk of bias of included trials. Rev Man 5.2 software was used to analysis ***: Twenty one RCTs(2327 participants) were included. AHP of non sanfu applied on no fixed dates with CT significantly decreased the mean frequency of acute exacerbation of COPD(times per year)(MD:-1.24; 95% CI:-2.02 to-0.46; 2 trials), and improved lung function parameters and quality of life. The AHP with CT showed no better effect in 6-minute walking distance(6 MWD) that CT alone. AHP applied at sanfu(specific dates based on lunar calendar) with CT had significant effect for 6 MWD(MD: 11.20; 95% CI: 0.83 to 21.56; I^2= 0%;3 trials). One trial reported skin irritation from AHP. Another trial reported two patients had eye discomfort, which was inferred as the adverse effects of ***: AHP used as an adjunct to CT, appears to be more effective than CT alone in patients with stable COPD. However, further large,rigorously designed trials are warranted to confirm these potential effects.

关键词： Traditional chinese medicine Acupoint herbal patching Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Treatment Systematic review Randomized controlled trials

Bridging the gap between data mining and medical applications

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Medical Data Mining 2023年第2期6卷 60-61页

作者： Simon James Fong Associate professor Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of MacaoMacao SAR 999078China adjunct professor Artificial Intelligence Research InstituteChongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067China Honouary adjunct professor ICT CentreDurban University of TechnologyDurban 4001South Africa Senior Visiting Scholar Department of BioinformaticsMedical SchoolTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Artificial Intelligence(AI)is one of the most promising and rapidly evolving fields in modern *** is increasingly being applied to a wide range of domains,including medicine,where it holds enormous potential for improving patient care,reducing costs,and enhancing clinical *** area of AI that has shown great promise in the medical domain is data mining,which is the process of extracting useful information and knowledge from large data sets.

关键词： clinical mining holds

clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Cattle Tail before and after the <i>Vaquejada</i>Race

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Open Journal of Veterinary medicine 2021年第6期11卷 165-176页

作者： Raíssa Karolliny Salgueiro Cruz Maria Luiza Albuquerque Ribeiro Juliano Sarmento Macedo Brunno Aguiar Ferreira Marcelo Araújo Silva Anaemília das Neves Diniz Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro Manso Helio Cordeiro Manso Filho professor of the Veterinary medicine course Cesmac University Center (CESMAC) Maceió-AL Brazil Veterinarian and Member of the Association of Veterinarians of Equidae and Bovids of Alagoas (AMVEBAL) Maceió-AL Brazil adjunct professor at the Federal University of Alagoas Maceió-AL Brazil Equine Research Center Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife-PE Brazil

The vaquejada race is a sport with animals which has the greatest socio-economic impact in Brazil and is responsible for generating an intense cultural and economic movement. However, this activity has been the subject of questions about well-being involving the environmental and mental comfort conditions offered to equine and cattle interactions. It is necessary to perform technical evaluations of the cattle involved on the basis of scientific study to better understand the processes of sport and, with this, promote their evolution on good welfare practices in the 21st century. Therefore, to test the hypothesis that the use of the official rules of the vaquejada where cattle use a protective harness on the tail protects the cattle’s tail from injuries in this region that compromise health. Before, during and after races, a study was developed that aimed to perform a general and radiological clinical evaluation in the proximal coccygeal region in cattle that ran in a modern cattle stall. Forty male bovines were evaluated (average: 2 year-old and 420 kg). Oxen were subjected to clinical and radiological examination before and after racing with official rules. Results of the clinical and radiological evaluations performed by veterinarians, did not observe clinical occurrences before and after the races in the 40 cattle evaluated. The increase in heart and respiratory rates was a reflection of temporary management stressors, as the animals returned to the feeding/rumination/interaction pattern after running in the rest pen. The radiographic findings in the tail, represented by the reduction of the intervertebral space and areas of subcutaneous radiolucency, suggest technical artifacts derived from

关键词： Zebu Physical Exercise Locomotor Health

The Impact of Creative Group Teaching and Educational Booklet Methods on Interpersonal Communications among Midwives in clinical Setting

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International Journal of clinical medicine 2016年第10期7卷 698-711页

作者： Shirazi Mandana Shariati Mohammad Modarres Maryam Hosseini Dehshiri Afzal Sadat Hosseini Dehshiri Afzal Sadat Yunesian Masud Associate professor of Medical School of Medical Education Department Tehran University of Medical Sciences Senior Researcher of Department of Clinical Sciences and Education Karolinska Institute Solna Sweden Associate professor of Medical School and Manager of Social medicine Department and Health Deputy of Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Educator of nursing and Midwifery Faculty Nursing and Midwifery Research Center Membership Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Associate professor of Psychology and Education Department of Tehran University Tehran Iran professor of Epidemiology in Medical School and Research Assistant of Tehran University of Medical Sciences Research Deputy of Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Group discussion teaching technique for small groups and encouragement of critical but constructive and creative thinking for finding new and efficient solutions can lead to provision of better health and medical services that is defined in clinical setting, as the clinical psychology finds a way for curing and education. The present study was conducted with the aim to compare the effects of creative group teaching and educational booklet on interpersonal skills of midwives in a clinical setting. The present study was conducted on 97 midwifery graduates working in hospitals in Kerman Province, in two groups of educational booklet (49 midwives) and educational workshop (48 midwives) who participated in a 3-day creative teaching workshop in summer 2015. Creative problem-solving teaching intervention group was taught through educational workshop method, including small group and team working, group discussion and mini lectures. Midwifery 1 intervention group was provided with an educational booklet validated by professors of nursing and Midwifery School for independent and individual study by midwives working in Kerman Province hospitals. The two groups were matched in terms of personal details. Hospitals were randomly selected, and midwives were selected by quota sampling. Interpersonal communication skills of both groups were assessed before and after intervention, and two months later using Interpersonal Communication Skills Test. The results obtained were analyzed in SPSS-16 using descriptive statistics, including frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, and inferential statistics including U-Mann-Whitney, paired t, independent t, repeated measures ANOVA tests at significance level of P P P P P < 0.001). Both teaching methods improved midwives’ interpersonal communication skills. Therefore, standardized educational booklets which produce cost-effective similar results are recommended.

关键词： Education Interpersonal Communication clinical Psychology clinical medicine Problem-Solving

Study of Behavioral Changes and Photosynthetic Activity of <i>Euglenas gracilis</i>in the Presence of Effluents from the Laboratory of clinical Analysis

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2020年第12期11卷 1015-1029页

作者： Luciano Henrique Pinto Suellen Zucco Bez Julia Carolina Soares Bruna Bonfim Qushmua Alzahrani Assistant professor at the Department of Pharmacy/nursing/medicine in UNIVILLE Joinville SC Brazil Student at the Pharmacy Course in UNIVILLE Joinville SC Brazil Voluntary Researcher in UNIVILLE Joinville SC Brazil

Healthcare waste has now been increasingly studied in terms of the risks or dangers that can cause the environment and human health. Waste generated in clinical analysis laboratories (CALs) deserves attention, because, due to the advent of the concept of emergent pollution, it is doubtful if the materials or reagents are disposed in the sewage by CALs, which are currently considered non-contaminated or with low risk potential, under current legislation, may actually impact the environment with actions not yet understood. This study was experimental and conducted at the Environmental Laboratory of the University of the Region of Joinville. It was used Euglena gracilis (primary trophic level) algae exposed to effluents from five sectors of a CAL: Biochemistry, Hematology, Viral Load, Tuberculosis and Immunochemistry. Samples were collected from the siphons attached to the wash sinks of the CAL materials. To verify changes in algae that denote environmental danger, behavioral changes were analyzed via NGTOX, and chlorophyll concentration was calculated by chlorophyll extraction according to Mendel’s method. Viral Load (VL) and Hematology (HT) sectors were the ones that most affected algae (Tukey test). In both sectors, there was inhibition of algae mobility and gravitaxy: in VL, due to the presence of chaotropic agents that denature organic structures;and in HT, due to the change in membrane permeability attributed to methylene blue. Also in HT, there was a search for algae adaptation by increasing the rise to the surface in order to overcome the lower luminosity due to the coloration of the environment, which also affects photosynthesis. Regarding the concentration of a-chlorophyll, the VL and HT were the most affected as well, being the first one the one that had more concentration reduction because of the presence of chaotropic agents. Considering new parameters evaluated, the discarded compounds need to be better evaluated for risk, as they affect algal photosynthe

关键词： Ecotoxicity Emerging Pollutants Chaotropic Agent Methylene Blue Effluent from clinical Analysis Laboratory Residues

没有COX-2抑制剂的生活医生需要拓宽解决老年人疼痛的方法

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英国医学杂志中文版 2006年第5期9卷 266-267页

作者： Allen F Shaughnessy Andrea E Gordon 张卓莉 adjunct professor of public health and family medicine Tufts University Family medicine Residency 100 Hospital RoadMaldenMA 02148USA clinical assistant professor of public health and family medicine Tufts University Family medicine Residency 100 Hospital RoadMaldenMA 02148USA

一些环氧化酶-2抑制剂（COX-2抑制剂）已经在很多国家被撤出市场。由于顾虑潜在的心血管不良反应，很多同类药物在临床中的使用也受到很大限制。正如Kearney和其同事所指出的（见本期第276页）：这种担心是必要的，因为与安慰剂或者其... 详细信息

一些环氧化酶-2抑制剂（COX-2抑制剂）已经在很多国家被撤出市场。由于顾虑潜在的心血管不良反应，很多同类药物在临床中的使用也受到很大限制。正如Kearney和其同事所指出的（见本期第276页）：这种担心是必要的，因为与安慰剂或者其他非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）相比，长期使用COX-2抑制剂可以增加心肌梗死的危险性。COX-2抑制剂撤出市场或限制使用是不是让我们失去了一个更好的治疗选择呢？可能不是的。尽管COX-2抑制剂具有良好的胃肠道安全性，发生胃肠道溃疡的几率较低，但是有充分的证据表明其他药物和非药物性方法也有效，而且同样安全、费用更低。

关键词： COX-2抑制剂老年人环氧化酶-2抑制剂心血管不良反应胃肠道溃疡疼痛医生生活