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Role of vitamin C in diabetic ketoacidosis:Is it ready for prime time?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2018年第12期9卷 206-208页

作者： Sebastian Casillas Alan Pomerantz Salim Surani Joseph Varon Dorrington Medical Associates PAHoustonTX 77030United States Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineTexas A and M UniversityHealth Science CenterCorpus ChristiTX 78414United States acute and continuing care The University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Medicine the University of TexasMedical Branch at GalvestonHoustonTX 77030United States Critical care Services United Memorial Medical Center/United General HospitalHoustonTX 77030United States

Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is life-threatening acute metabolic complication of diabetes mellitus(DM) that is characterized by acidosis, ketosis, and hyperglycemia, currently affecting mostly patients under 30 years of age with diabetes mellitus type 1. In both, DM and DKA, a pro-inflammatory state exists. This clinical entity occurs as a result of hyperglycemia-induced disturbances, resulting in an increased oxidative metabolism. For the latter reason, the use of vitamin C seems promising in DKA due to its antioxidant role in reducing the superoxide radicals that are consequence of the oxidative stress. This can decrease the proinflammatory state and avoids complications. Vitamin C, or also known as ascorbic acid, has been widely used in several illnesses, such as common cold, tissue healing, fertility, atherosclerosis, cancer prevention, immunity restoration, neuro-degenerative disease and also has been suggested to decrease the risk of DM, and this reason is giving place to believe that vitamin C can have an important role in treating diabetic complications such as DKA. In order to counteract these oxidative disturbances in DKA patients, we analyzed the current data regarding vitamin C and evaluate its role in any type treatment of this complication in the near future.

关键词： Vitamin C Diabetes complications Ascorbic acid Diabetic ketoacidosis Diabetes mellitus

acute hospital-community hospital care bundle for elderly orthopedic surgery patients:A propensity score-matched economic analysis

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第4期14卷 231-239页

作者： Ivan En-Howe Tan Aik Yong Chok Yun Zhao Yonghui Chen Chee Hoe Koo Junjie Aw Mave Hean Teng Soh Chek Hun Foo Kwok Ann Ang Emile John Kwong Wei Tan Andrew Hwee Chye Tan Marianne Kit Har Au Group Finance Singapore Health ServicesSingapore 168582Singapore Department of Colorectal Surgery Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Post-acute and continuing care Family MedicineOutram Community HospitalSingapore 168582Singapore Finance Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169608Singapore Department of Orthopedic Surgery Singapore General HospitalSingapore 169856Singapore Singhealth Community Hospital Singapore 168582Singapore

BACKGROUND While Singapore attains good health outcomes,Singapore’s healthcare system is confronted with bed shortages and prolonged stays for elderly people recovering from surgery in acute *** acute Hospital-Community Hospital(AHCH)care bundle has been developed to assist patients in postoperative *** core concept is to transfer patients out of AHs when clinically recommended and into CHs,where they can receive more beneficial dedicated care to aid in their recovery,while freeing up bed capacities in *** To analyze the AH length of stay(LOS),costs,and savings associated with the AH-CH care bundle intervention initiated and implemented in elderly patients aged 75 years and above undergoing elective orthopedic *** A total of 8621:1 propensity score-matched patients aged 75 years and above who underwent elective orthopedic surgery in Singapore General Hospital(SGH)before(2017-2018)and after(2019-2021)the care bundle intervention period was *** measures were AH LOS,CH LOS,hospitalization metrics,postoperative 30-d mortality,and modified Barthel Index(MBI)*** costs of AH inpatient hospital stay in the matched cohorts were compared using cost data in Singapore *** Of the 862 matched elderly patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery before and after the care bundle intervention,the age distribution,sex,American Society of Anesthesiologists classification,Charlson Comorbidity Index,and surgical approach were comparable between both *** transferred to CHs after the surgery had a shorter median AH LOS(7 d vs 9 d,Pcare bundle were low,with a 0%mortality rate following orthopedic *** elderly patients were discharged from CHs,their MBI scores increased significantly(50.9 vs 71.9,P<0.

关键词： care bundle Community hospital Orthopedic surgery Cost-effectiveness care transition Intervention

An integrated quantitative proteomics strategy reveals the dual mechanisms of celastrol against acute inflammation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第7期32卷 2164-2168页

作者： Guangshan Xiea Lin Zhu Yuanyuan Song Wei Huang Di Hu Zongwei Cai State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Shenzhen Research Institute and continuing Education Hong Kong Baptist University.Shenzhen 518000China

Inflammation is a defense mechanism associated with a wide range of *** is a small molecule isolated from traditional Chinese medicine with potent anti-inflammation *** this study,we established an integrated quantitative proteomics strategy to investigate the acute response to celastrol treatment in a rat macrophage cell line challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Both stableisotopic based non-targeted quantitative profiling and PRM-based targeted quantitation methods were ***-labeling based non-targeted profiling revealed 28 and 52 proteins that significantly up-and down-regulated by *** analysis pinpoint key signaling pathways *** proteins were selected for examining their time-dependent regulatory pattern in response to celastrol using targeted PRM *** abundance of mRNA at multiple time-points of selected proteins was also *** induced an acute response of selected key transcriptional factors in terms of mRNA or protein abundance within one ***,regulatory trend of mRNA and protein abundance suggested a novel dual mechanism of celastrol in the terms of acute *** integrated quantitative proteomic strategy established in this study constitutes an efficient workflow to characterize key components and their time-dependent regulatory pattern for monitoring drug response.

关键词： Integrated quantitative proteomics Dual mechanisms Celastrol acute inflammation

Digestive system involvement and clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients:A retrospective cohort study from Qatar

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第46期27卷 7995-8009页

作者： Muhammad Umair Khan Kamran Mushtaq Deema Hussam Alsoub Phool Iqbal Fateen Ata Hammad Shabir Chaudhry Fatima Iqbal Girisha Balaraju Muna A Al Maslamani Betsy Varughese Rajvir Singh Khalid Al Ejji Saad Al Kaabi Yasser Medhat Kamel Adeel Ajwad Butt Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar ECPEExecutive and continuing Professional Education Harvard T.H Chan School of Public HealthBostonMA 02115-5810United States Department of Palliative care National Center for Cancer Care&ResearchHamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar Department of Medicine Hamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar Department of Infectious Disease Communicable Disease CenterHamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar Department of Cardiology Research Heart HospitalHamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar Department of Medicine Division of Infectious DiseasesWeill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNY 10075United States Department of Medicine Weill Cornell Medical College-QatarDoha 24144Qatar

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus most commonly presents with respiratory *** gastrointestinal(GI)manifestations either at presentation or during hospitalization are also common,their impact on clinical outcomes is *** studies have described worse outcomes in COVID-19 patients with GI symptoms,while others have shown either no association or a protective *** is a need for consistent standards to describe GI symptoms in COVID-19 patients and to assess their effect on clinical outcomes,including mortality and disease *** To investigate the prevalence of GI symptoms in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and their correlation with disease severity and clinical *** We retrospectively reviewed 601 consecutive adult COVID-19 patients requiring hospitalization between May 1-15,*** symptoms were recorded at admission and during ***,clinical,laboratory,and treatment data were *** outcomes included all-cause mortality,disease severity at presentation,need for intensive care unit(ICU)admission,development of acute respiratory distress syndrome,and need for mechanical *** logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of the adverse *** The prevalence of any GI symptom at admission was 27.1%and during hospitalization was 19.8%.The most common symptoms were nausea(98 patients),diarrhea(76 patients),vomiting(73 patients),and epigastric pain or discomfort(69 patients).There was no difference in the mortality between the two groups(6.21%vs 5.5%,P=0.7).Patients with GI symptoms were more likely to have severe disease at presentation(33.13%vs 22.5%,Pacute respiratory distress syndrome,or need for mechanical ventil

关键词： COVID-19 Gastrointestinal manifestations Mortality Intensive care unit admission Mechanical ventilation Disease severity

Analysis of the Practice of Community-Based Self-Sampling and Its Implication on Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases—Fengtai District,Beijing Municipality,China,2022

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China CDC weekly 2023年第10期5卷 213-217页

作者： Yaping Wang Shugang Li Hao Wu Jue Liu Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina School of Public Health Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina School of General Practice and continuing Education Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Institute for Global Health and Development Peking UniversityBeijingChina Global Center for Infectious Disease and Policy Research and Global Health and Infectious Diseases Group Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?So far,no descriptive analysis has been conducted on community residents with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)nucleic acid self-sampling in *** is added by this report?This report found that self-sampling had a wide age and regional distribution,with the time from selfsampling to result-reporting typically taking less than one ***,self-sampling was found to save a considerable amount of manpower and medical resources compared to regular *** are the implications for public health practice?The experience of prevention and control measures during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has provided a reference for the prevention and control of other infectious diseases through selfsampling.

关键词： prevention acute respiratory

Polymeric nanoparticles developed by vitamin E-modified aliphatic polycarbonate polymer to promote oral absorption of oleanolic acid

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第6期12卷 586-593页

作者： Wenjuan Zhang Chufan Liang Hao Liu Zhenbao Li Rui Chen Mei Zhou Dan Li Qing Ye Cong Luo Jin Sun School of Pharmacy Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityNo.103Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China HAISCO(Shenyang)Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd. ShenyangChina School of Pharmacy BioMolecular Sciences DepartmentThe University of MississippiOxfordMS 38677USA School of continuing Education Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityNo.103Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China Municipal Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics School of PharmacyShenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityNo.103Wenhua RoadShenyang 110016China

Oleanolic acid (OA) exhibited good pharmacological activities in the clinical treatment of hypoglycemia, immune regulation, acute jaundice and chronic toxic hepatitis. However, the oral delivery of OA is greatly limited by its inferior water solubility and poor intestinal mucosa permeability. Herein, we developed a novel polymeric nanoparticle (NP) delivery system based on vitamin E modified aliphatic polycarbonate (mPEG-PCC-VE) to facilitate oral absorption of OA. OA encapsulated mPEG-PCC-VE NPs (OA/mPEG-PCC-VE NPs) showed uniform particle size of about 170 nm with high drug loading capability (8.9%). Furthermore, the polymeric mPEG-PCC-VE NPs, with good colloidal stability and pH-sensitive drug release characteristics, significantly enhanced the in vitro dissolution of OA in the alkaline medium. The in situ single pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) studies performed on rats demonstrated that the OA/m PEG-PCC-VE NPs showed significantly improved permeability in the whole intestinal tract when compared to OA solution, especially for duodenum and colon. As a result, the in vivo pharmacokinetics study indicated that the bioavailability of OA/m PEG-PCC-VE NPs showed 1.5-fold higher than commercially available OA tablets. These results suggest that mPEGPCC-VE NPs are a promising platform to facilitate the oral delivery of OA.

关键词： Oleanolic acid Polymeric nanoparticles mPEG-PCC-VE Oral delivery

Gastrointestinal stress ulcer prophylaxis in the intensive care unit,where is the data?

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2019年第3期7卷 72-76页

作者： Abbas Alshami Sheily Vianney Barona Joseph Varon Salim Surani Dorrington Medical Associates University of Baghdad College of Medicine Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla United General Hospital Critical care Services United Memorial Medical Center acute and continuing care University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston Houston Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineTexas A&M UniversityHealth Science Center Pulmonary and Critical care Fellowship Program Bay Area Medical Center Medical Critical care Services Christus Spohn Hospitals-Corpus Christi

Stress-induced gastrointestinal ulcers are common among patients admitted to the intensive care unit(ICU).These ulcers impose significant morbidity and mortality,therefore,stress ulcer prophylaxis(SUP) is a common clinical practice among healthcare providers dealing with these critically-ill *** strategies for SUP have been suggested over the past four decades,with acid suppressive therapies being the most commonly used in the *** SUP is effective and safe,or not,remains a topic of *** data is still conflicting,and provision of a simple answer is not feasible at the present ***,a large phase IV,multicenter,randomized clinical trial(SUP-ICU),negated the benefits(and harms) of proton pump inhibitors as *** article reviews some of these controversies.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stress ulcers Proton pump inhibitors H2-antagonists Prophylaxis Complications

CD8＋ Tc-lymphocytes immunodeviation in peripheral blood and airway from patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and changes after short-term smoking cessation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第19期 3608-3615页

作者： YU Mu-qing LIU Xian-sheng WANG Jian-miao XU Yong-jian Department of Respiratory and Critical care Medicine TongjiHospital of Yongji Medical College Huazhong University of Scienceand Technology Wuhan Hubei 430030 China

Background Cigarette smoke induces an acute but persisting inflammation in peripheral blood and airway in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD）,and CD8＋ Tc-lymphocytes are considered as a key role in this *** aimed to investigate the Tc-lymphocytes immunodeviation in system and local airway of COPD patients and changes of the immunodeviation after short-term smoking *** Peripheral blood （PB） and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） were collected from 42 patients （14 COPD patients,16 smokers with normal lung function and 12 nonsmokers）,while PB and induced sputum （IS） were obtained from other 19 patients （10 quitting smokers and 9 continuing smokers） at baseline and follow-up respectively of 4-week smoking *** of CD8＋ Tc-lymphocytes （%CD3＋） and Tc1/Tc2 ratios were measured by flow *** Percentages of CD8＋ Tc-lymphocytes were higher in COPD patients than those in smokers and nonsmokers in both PB and ***1/Tc2 ratio in PB and in BALF from COPD patients was greater than that from smokers and nonsmokers and negatively correlated with FEV1%*** comparing the ratios between PB and BALF,significantly positive correlation was found in COPD ***,after 4-week smoking cessation,percentages of CD8＋ Tc-lymphocytes in PB and IS in quitting smokers were decreased compared to that in baseline and continuing smokers,whereas Tc1/Tc2 ratios were not *** CD8＋ Tc1-trend immunodeviation profiles occurred in both system and local airway of COPD *** exceptional immunodeviation could not be relieved by short-term smoking cessation.

关键词： pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive smoke CD8-positive T-lymphocytes smoking cessation

Potential Antiviral Target for SARS-CoV-2:A Key Early Responsive Kinase during Viral Entry

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CCS Chemistry 2022年第1期4卷 112-121页

作者： Siwen Liu Lin Zhu Guangshan Xie Bobo Wing-Yee Mok Zhu Yang Shaofeng Deng Siu-Ying Lau Pin Chen Pui Wang Honglin Chen Zongwei Cai State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong SAR 999077 State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloonHong Kong SAR 999077 HKBU Shenzhen Institute of Research and continuing Education Shenzhen 518000 Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College Zhuhai 519087

Currently,there is no effective antiviral medication for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and the knowledge on the potential therapeutic target is in great *** by a time-course transmission electron microscope(TEM)imaging,we analyzed early phosphorylation dynamics within the first 15 min during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)viral *** on alterations in the phosphorylation events,we found that kinase activities such as protein kinase C(PKC),interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4(IRAK4),MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3(MARK3),and TANK-binding kinase 1(TBK1)were affected within 15 min of *** of the corresponding kinase inhibitors of PKC,IRAK4,and p38 showed significant inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 ***,proinflammatory cytokine production was reduced by applying PKC and p38 *** an acquisition of a combined image data using positiveand negative-sense RNA probes,as well as pseudovirus entry assay,we demonstrated that PKC contributed to viral entry into the host cell,and therefore,could be a potential COVID-19 therapeutic target.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 viral entry phosphoproteomics early responsive kinase antiviral target PKC