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Effectiveness of online HIV treatment services in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic

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Health Care Science

Health Care Science 2023年第3期2卷 164-172页

作者： Jing Han Hanxi Zhang Ye Su Fujie Zhang WHO Collaborating centre for Comprehensive Management of HIV treatment and Care Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Center for HIV/AIDS Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background:The COVID‐19 pandemic has created challenges with respect to HIV care *** online services might provide an effective method for health service delivery to people living with HIV(PLHIV).Few studies have focused on the efficacy of telemedical services for PLHIV and the effect of antiretroviral treatment via online services in ***:We developed a platform called the“No.8 Health”for online antiretroviral drug collection and delivery services in Beijing from January 21 to June 30,*** evaluated the online treatment service according to viral load suppression rates and compared differences in social characteristics between PLHIV who received antiretroviral drugs through online or offline treatment ***:By June 2022,9528 PLHIV had received outpatient treatment services,among which 44.6%(4031/9528)used the online treatment and drug delivery services for a total of 5590 person‐*** satisfaction rate was 100%.Rates of viral load suppression among PLHIV who initiated antiretroviral therapy(ART)in 2020 and 2021 were 96.4%and 93.1%,*** showed that the viral load suppression rate was 97.9%.Regarding HIV rapid self‐testing,4513 men who have sex with men used the online HIV rapid testing *** number of users was approximately the same as in 2021,but both were slightly lower than those in ***:This study was the first to evaluate the effect of online drug collection and delivery services and virologic outcomes among PLHIV in *** online service helped with maintenance of ART services,but the COVID‐19 pandemic still had some impacts on viral load suppression.

关键词： HIV online service efficacy

Current Status of Radiotherapy Services in Kenya

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2022年第4期13卷 218-233页

作者： Philip Kioko Ndonye Samuel Nii Adu Tagoe Cancer treatment centre Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) Nairobi Kenya Oncology & Cancer treatment centre The Nairobi Hospital Nairobi Kenya School of Biomedical & Allied Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Accra Ghana

Purpose: Owing to the missing recent data regarding cancer case volumes in Kenyan hospitals since 2012, the aim of the study was to fill the gap by providing data for two hospitals in Nairobi, the post year 2012. The general situation of radiation oncology and recommendation for improvement of radiotherapy services in the country were also highlighted. Further assessment was to investigate and determine the relationship between age, different types of cancer, and gender for cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment. Materials and Methods: A data compilation, analysis, and evaluation process were conducted at two cancer treatment centers in Kenya followed by an assessment of radiotherapy cancer treatment facilities in the country. The number of the patients treated for cervical, breast prostate, esophagus, rectum, and lung cancer against their ages and gender were also compiled for assessment. Results: The number of cancer patients treated by radiotherapy continuously increased annually and he trends of the graphs in both centers were similar. Cervical cancer was the most common cancer treated by radiotherapy at the two centers, followed by breast and prostate cancer. Different types of cancer assessed were dependent on age and that cancer appeared at younger ages in female cervical and breast cancer patients as opposed to the male prostate cancer. Conclusion: The results indicate a continuous annual increase in cancer patients treated by radiotherapy in Kenya radiotherapy centers. The increase may be attributed to the rising population, limited access to cancer awareness, and the growing adoption of unhealthy lifestyles, among other factors. Female cervical and breast cancer patients contracted the disease at younger ages (46 - 50 years) compared to the male prostate cancer patients with a mean age of 61 - 65 years. Socio-economic factors, the organization of healthcare systems, and a limited workforce have been identified as some of the barriers to the prov

关键词： Cancer treatment Radiotherapy Services EBRT Brachytherapy Age Dependence

Neuroprotection by misoprostol against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in rat brain

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第1期11卷 40-47页

作者： Omar M.E.Abdel-Salam Amany A Sleem Eman R Youness Nadia A Mohammed Enayat A Omara Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research Centre Department of Pharmacology National Research Centre Department of Medical Biochemistry National Research Centre Department of Pathology National Research Centre

Objective: To investigate the effect of the prostaglandin E1 analogue misoprostol on oxidative stress and neurodegeration caused by subcutaneous rotenone administration in rats. Methods:Rotenone was administered in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg every other day for 2 weeks. Starting from the 1 st day of rotenone injection, rats were subcutaneously treated with misoprostol at doses of10, 100 or 1 000 μg/kg. Rats were evaluated for brain lipid peroxidation(malondialdehyde:MDA), reduced glutathione(GSH), nitric oxide(NO) levels, and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) *** concentrations of the anti-apoptotic protein B cell/lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) were determined in the striatum. Histopathologic examination and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in the cerebral cortex and striatum were also performed. Results: Compared with the vehicle-treated group, rotenone caused a significant increase in brain lipid proxidation(MDA)by 61%(Ptreatment restored striatal Bcl-2 concentrations to its normal value. Misoprostol treatment resulted in markedly reduced brain injury and decreased iNOS expression in the cereb

关键词： Misoprostol Rotenone Brain oxidative stress B cell/lymphoma-2 Paraoxonase

Preventive effects of cannabis on neurotoxic and hepatotoxic activities of malathion in rat

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第4期11卷 272-279页

作者： Omar M.E.Abdel-Salam Amany A Sleem Eman R Youness Fatma A.Morsy Department of Toxicology and Narcotics National Research Centre Department of Pharmacology National Research Centre Department of Medical Biochemistry National Research Centre Department of Pathology National Research Centre

Objective: To investigate the effect of Cannabis sativa extract on the development of neuroand hepato-toxicity caused by malathion injection in rats. Methods: The extract of Cannabis sativa was obtained from the plant resin by chloroform treatment. Δ~9-Tetrahydrocannabinol content of the extract(20%) was quantified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The doses of cannabis extract were expressed as Δ~9-tetrahydrocannabinol content of 10 or 20 mg/kg. Malathion(150 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered followed after 30 min by the cannabis extract(10 or 20 mg/kg, subcutaneously). Rats were euthanized 4 h later. Malondialdehyde(MDA), reduced glutathione(GSH), nitric oxide and paraoxonase-1(PON-1) activity were determined in brain and liver. Brain 5-lipoxygenase and butyrylcholinesterase(BChE) activity were measured as well. Histopathological examination of brain and liver tissue was also performed. Results: Compared to controls, malathion resulted in increased oxidative stress in brain and liver. MDA and nitric oxide concentrations were significantly increased(Ptreatment. Cannabis at 20 mg/kg, however, caused significant increase in nitric oxide and restored the GSH and PON-1 activity. Brain BChE activity significantly decreased by 26.1%(Ptreatment with 10 mg/kg cannabis. Cannabis showed no effect on brain 5-lipoxygenase. On the other hand, rats treated with cannabis exhibited significantly higher levels of liver MDA, nitric oxide and PON-1 activity compared with the malathion control group. Rats treated with only malathion exhibited spongiform changes, neuronal damage in the cerebral cortex and degeneration of some Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. There were also hepatic vacuolar degeneration and dilated an

关键词： Cannabis sativa Malathion Liver damage Brain damage Oxidative stress Paraoxonase 5-Lipoxygenase

Methodologic research on TIMP-1,TIMP-2 detection as a new diagnostic index for hepatic fibrosis and its significance

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2002年第2期8卷 282-287页

作者： Oing-He Nie Yong-Oian Cheng Yu-Mei Xie Yong-Xing Zhou Bai-Xian Guang Yi-Zhan Cao,The centre of Diagnosis and treatment for Infectious Disease of Chinese PLA,Tangdu Hospital,Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710038,Shanxi Province,China The centre of Infectious Disease Diagnosis and treatment of Chinese PLA Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an 710038 Shaanxi Province China. nieqinghe@***

AIM: To set up a new method to detect tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 and -2(TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) in sera of patients with hepatic cirrhosis, and to investigate the expression and location of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in liver tissue of patients with hepatic cirrhosis, and the correlation between TIMPs in liver and those in sera so as to discuss whether TIMPs can be used as a diagnosis index of hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: The monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were used to sensitize erythrocytes, and solid-phase absorption to sensitized erythrocytes (SPASE) was used to detect TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in the sera of patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Meanwhile, with the method of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we studied the mRNA expression and antigen location of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in the livers of 40 hepatic cirrhosis patients with pathologic diagnosis. RESULTS: With SPASE, they were 16.4% higher in the acute hepatitis group, 33.3% higher in the chronic hepatitis group, and the positive rates were 73.6% and 61.2% respectively in sera of hepatic cirrhosis patients, which were remarkably higher than those in chronic hepatitis and acute hepatitis group (P<0.001). In 40 samples of hepatic cirrhosis tissues, all of them showed positive expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 mRNA detected with immunohistochemistry or in situ hybridization (positive rate was 100%). Expression of TIMPs in different degrees could be found in liver tissue with cirrhosis. TIMPs were located in cytoplasm of liver cells of patients with hepatic cirrhosis. There was a significant correlation between serum TIMPs level and liver TIMPs level. CONCLUSION: SPASE is a useful method to detect the TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in sera of patients with hepatic cirrhosis, and TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 can be considered as a useful diagnostic index of hepatic fibrosis, especially TIMP-1.

关键词： Antibodies, Monoclonal Erythrocytes Humans Immunoassay In Situ Hybridization Liver Liver Cirrhosis Protease Inhibitors Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2

Signet ring colorectal carcinoma:Do we need to improve the treatment algorithm?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第12期8卷 819-825页

作者： Anup Sunil Tamhankar Parag Ingle Reena Engineer Munita Bal Vikas Ostwal Avanish Saklani Department of Surgical Oncology Tata Memorial Centre Department of Radiotherapy Tata Memorial centre Department of Surgical Pathology Tata Memorial Centre Department of Medical Oncology Tata Memorial Centre Department of Gastro-Intestinal Surgery Tata Memorial Centre

AIMTo elaborate about this peculiar variant from a tertiary cancer center from India. METHODSIt’s a retrospective study (2011-2014) of all patients diagnosed with signet ring colo-rectal cancer (SRCC). Various clinico-pathological variables were studied. RESULTSOne hundred and seventy consecutive patients with SRCC were diagnosed (11.4% of all colorectal cancers). Median Age of the cohort was 41 years. Most common location was recto-sigmoid area (54.7%). Majority patients presented in stage III and IV (91.2%). Most of the stage IV patients had isolated peritoneal metastases (86.5%). Colonic tumors had higher incidence of peritoneal metastases (91.8% vs 83.3%) as well as isolated peritoneal recurrences (37.5% vs 16.7%) than rectal primaries. Thirty-seven point five percent of patients recurred after curative surgery. Amongst them 63.63% patients had isolated peritoneal recurrences. Circumferential resection margin (CRM) was involved in 17.9% patients. Median relapse free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of the cohort were 14.9 and 18.13 mo respectively. CRM involvement, colonic primary were associated with poorer RFS and OS. CONCLUSIONSRCC has predilection for peritoneal dissemination. More aggressive and/or extended chemotherapy schedules as well as prophylactic hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy at the time of primary surgery may be attempted in these patients.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Signet ring cell carcinoma Peritoneal metastases Hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy

Unrecognized and unregistered blindness in people 70 or older in Jing'an district, Shanghai, China

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第3期6卷 321-326页

作者： Liang-Cheng Wu Xing-Huai Sun Xing-Tao Zhou Cheng-Hai Wen Department of Ophthalmology Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention and Treatment Institute of Jing'an District Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science Eye and ENT Hospital Shanghai Medical College Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Institutes of Brain Science Fudan University

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of a registration system for the blind people and to monitor the blindness due to uncorrected refractive error and cataract in Jing’an district, Shanghai, China. ·METHODS: Five hundred and ten blind people, based on visual acuity screening in a population aged 70 or older were enrolled into the study. Four hundred and forty subjects were interviewed. The following data were collected on each patient: demographic data, number of hospital visits for eye related problems, distance visual acuity, visual fields, ophthalmic diagnoses, education and registration status. If the eligible subject was not registered as blind, the reason for non -registration was recorded. ·RESULTS: Ten point nine one percent blindness was due to cataract, 27.5% due to uncorrected refractive error, and only 61.59% met the eligible blindness criteria (uncorrected refractive error and cataract are not considered as eligible blindness). The first four leading causes of eligible blindness were age related macular degeneration (25.09% ), myopic macular degeneration (21.40%), glaucoma (18.82%) and corneal disease (8.12%). Only 68.27% eligible blind people were registered. The patients with macular degeneration and glaucoma tendednot to register. Blind people with an above primary school education were 2.59 times more likely to be registered than those who were illiterate or had only a primary school education (OR=2.59, 95%CI: 1.49-4.48, P <0.01). Patients who had 4 or more visits to the hospital requesting eye care services in a year were 2.2 times more likely to be registered than those with less than 4 visits to the hospital (OR =2.54, 95% CI: 1.47 -4.38, P < 0.001). The first two leading reasons of misregistration were unknowing the registration system (48% ) and unwilling to register (21%). ·CONCLUSION: Under-registration of the eligible blind people exists in the registry system. Education and the number of hospital visits for eye care services were factors as

关键词： blindness unrecognized causes

An Efficient Bio-inspired Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalyst:MnO_(x)Nanosheets Incorporated Iron Phthalocyanine Functionalized Graphene

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2021年第3期4卷 474-480页

作者： Xing Wu Yi Cheng Jean-Pierre Veder San Ping Jiang Department of Environmental Engineering School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China National Engineering Technology Research Center for Control and treatment of Heavy-metal Pollution Changsha 410083China John de Laeter centre Curtin UniversityPerth WA 6102Australia Fuels and Energy Technology Institute Curtin UniversityPerth WA 6102Australia

Oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)catalysts play a critical role in energy storage and conversion devices and have been attracted enormous interests,and however,it remains challenging to develop highly active cheap catalysts in a simple and green *** by the heme-copper oxidases(HOCs),in which the ORR active center is originated from the incorporation of Fe-N_(4)with copper atom,we here developed a fine manganese oxide nanosheets(MnO_(x)NSs)integrated with iron phthalocyanine(FePc)anchored on highly conductive graphene(MnO_(x)/FePc-G)through a green route only involve ethanol as the *** bio-inspired catalyst MnO_(x)/Fe Pc-G demonstrated high ORR activity with a half-wave potential(E_(1/2))of 0.887 V,about 57 mV more positive than that of Pt/*** the current density(j)at 0.9 V is about 1.9 m A cm^(-2),which is three times of Pt/C and *** importantly,the bio-inspired systems show superior stability in comparison to commercial Pt/C,showing a potential of 0.863 V to deliver a j of 3 mA cm^(-2)after 18000 s polarization,about 80 mV higher than that of 0.783 V for Pt/*** high activity is contributed by the integration of the Fe Pc and MnO_(x)NSs that plays the role to assist the cleavage of the O_(2)*** approach provides a new evidence to develop highly efficient ORR catalysts through imitate the naturally involved systems through a simple route.

关键词： bio-inspired heme-copper oxidases iron phthalocyanine MnO_(x)nanosheets oxygen reduction reaction

Plasmid-based Stat3 siRNA delivered by hydroxyapatite nanoparticles suppresses mouse prostate tumour growth in vivo

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 481-486,514页

作者： Zuo-Wen Liang Bao-Feng Guo Yang Li Xiao-Jie Li Xin Li Li-Jing Zhao Li-Fang Gao Hao Yu Xue-Jian Zhao Ling Zhang Bao-Xue Yang Prostate Diseases Prevention and treatment Research centre and Department of Pathophysiology Norman Bethune Medical School Jilin University Changchun 130021 China Department of Emergency Medicine China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University Changchun 130033 China Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100191 China

DNA vector-based Stat3-specific RNA interference （si-Stat3） blocks Stat3 signalling and inhibits prostate tumour growth. However, the antitumour activity depends on the efficient delivery of si-Stat3. The effects on the growth of mouse prostate cancer cells of si-Stat3 delivered by hydroxyapatite were determined in this study. RM-1 tumour blocks were transplanted into C57BIJ6 mice. CaCl2-modified hydroxyapatite carrying si-Stat3 plasmids were injected into tumours, and tumour growth and histology were determined. The expression levels of Star3, pTyr-Stat3, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase3, VEGFand cyclin D1 were measured by western blot analysis. Amounts of apoptosis in cancer cells were analysed with immunohistochemistry and the terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end-labelling （TUNEL） assay. The results showed that hydroxyapatite-delivered si-Stat3 significantly suppressed tumour growth up to 74% （P〈0.01）. Stat3 expression was dramatically downregulated in the tumours. The immunohistochemistry and TUNEL results showed that si-Stat3-induced apoptosis （up to 42%, P〈0.01）. The Stat3 downstream genes Bcl-2, VEGFand cyclin DI were also strongly downregulated in the tumour tissues that also displayed significant increases in Bax expression and Caspase3 activity. These results suggest that hydroxyapatite can be used for the in vivo delivery of plasmid-based siRNAs into tumours.

关键词： apoptosis hydroxyapatite prostate cancer RNA interference Star3