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Changes in global land surface frozen ground and freeze-thaw processes during 1950-2020 based on ERA5-Land data

Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-274页

作者： Yong YANG Ren-Sheng CHEN Yong-Jian DING Hong-Yuan LI Zhang-Wen LIU qilian Alpine Ecology and Hydrology Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 73000China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of water and Soil conservation and Environmental Protection College of Resources and EnvironmentLinyi UniversityLinyi 276000China

Frozen ground(FG)plays an important role in global and regional climates and environments through changes in land freeze-thaw processes,which have been conducted mainly in different ***,the changes in land surface freeze-thaw processes under climate change on a global scale are still *** on ERA5-Land hourly land skin temperature data,this study evaluated changes in the global FG area,global land surface first freeze date(FFD),last freeze date(LFD)and frost-free period(FFP)from 1950 to *** results show that the current FG areas(1991-2020 mean)in the Northern Hemisphere(NH),Southern Hemisphere(SH),and globe are 68.50×10^(6),9.03×10^(6),and 77.53×10^(6)km^(2),which account for 72.4%,26.8%,and 60.4%of the exposed land(excluding glaciers,ice sheets,and water bodies)in the NH,SH and the globe,respectively;further,relative to 1951-1980,the FG area decreased by 1.9%,8.8%,and 2.8%,*** FG at lower latitudes degrades to intermittently FG,and intermittently FG degrades to non-frozen ground,which caused the global FG boundary to retreat to higher latitudes from 1950 to *** annual FG areas in the NH,SH,and globe all show significant decreasing trends(p<0.05)from 1950 to 2020 at-0.32×10^(6),-0.22×10^(6),and-0.54×10^(6)km^(2)per decade,*** FFP prolongation in the NH is mainly influenced by LFD advance,while in the SH it is mainly controlled by FFD *** prolongation trend of FFP in the NH(1.34 d per decade)is larger than that in the SH(1.15 d per decade).

关键词： Frozen ground Freeze-thaw processes Frost-free period First freeze date Global warming

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Using Copula functions to predict climatic change impacts on floods in river source regions

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 406-418页

作者： Ting-Xing CHEN Hai-Shen LYU Robert HORTON Yong-Hua ZHU Ren-Sheng CHEN Ming-Yue SUN Ming-Wen LIU Yu LIN The National Key Laboratory of water Disaster Prevention College of Hydrology and Water ResourcesHohai UniversityNanjing 2098China College of Hydrology and water resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Departmentof Agronomy lowa State UniversityAmes IA5oollUSA qilian Alpine Eology and Hydrology Research Station Northwest Instiuteof Eco-Environmentand ReourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou0000 China

Flood frequency in river source regions is significantly affected by rainfall and snowmelt as part of climatic changes.A traditional univariate flood frequency analysis cannot reflect the complexity of floods,and when used in isolation,it can only underestimate flood *** effective flood prevention and mitigation,it is essential to consider the combined effects of precipitation and *** functions can effectively quantify the joint distribution relationship between floods and their associated variables without restrictions on their distribution *** study uses copula functions to consider a multivariate probability distribution model of flood peak flow(Q)with cumulative snowmelt(CSm)and cumulative precipitation(CPr)for the Hutubi River basin located in northern Xinjiang,*** joint frequencies of rainfall and snowmelt floods are predicted using copula models based on the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 *** results show that Q has a significant positive correlation with 24-d CSm(r=0.559,p=0.002)and 23-d CPr(r=0.965,p<0.05).Flood frequency will increase in the future,and mid-(2050e2074)and long-term(2075e2099)floods will be more severe than those in the near-term(2025e2049).The probability of flood occurrence is higher under the SSP2-4.5 and SSP1-2.6 scenarios than under *** during the historical period(1990e2014)led to extreme floods,and increasing future precipitation trends are found to be *** increases with rising temperatures and occurs earlier than estimated,leading to an earlier flood period in the basin and more frequent snowmelt *** Q under the joint return period is larger than that during the same univariate return *** difference indicates that neglecting the interaction between precipitation and snowmelt for floods leads to an underestimation of the flood risk(with underestimations ranging from 0.3%to 22%).The underestimations decrease with an increase

关键词： Climate change Flood frequency Copula CMIP6 River source regions

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Spatiotemporal variability of rain-on-snow events in the arid region of Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第4期16卷 483-499页

作者： YANG Zhiwei CHEN Rensheng LIU Zhangwen ZHAO Yanni LIU Yiwen WU Wentong qilian Alpine Ecology and Hydrology Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid LandsNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Rain-on-snow(ROS)events involve rainfall on snow surfaces,and the occurrence of ROS events can exacerbate water scarcity and ecosystem vulnerability in the arid region of Northwest China(ARNC).In this study,using daily snow depth data and daily meteorological data from 68 meteorological stations provided by the China Meteorological Administration National Meteorological Information Centre,we investigated the spatiotemporal variability of ROS events in the ARNC from 1978 to 2015 and examined the factors affecting these events and possible changes of future ROS events in the *** results showed that ROS events in the ARNC mainly occurred from October to May of the following year and were largely distributed in the qilian mountains,Tianshan mountains,Ili River Valley,Tacheng Prefecture,and Altay Prefecture,with the Ili River Valley,Tacheng City,and Altay mountains exhibiting the most *** on the intensity of ROS events,the areas with the highest risk of flooding resulting from ROS events in the ARNC were the Tianshan mountains,Ili River Valley,Tacheng City,and Altay *** number and intensity of ROS events in the ARNC largely increased from 1978 to 2015,mainly influenced by air temperature and the number of rainfall ***,due to the snowpack abundance in areas experiencing frequent ROS events in the ARNC,snowpack changes exerted slight impact on ROS events,which is a temporary ***,elevation imposed lesser impact on ROS events in the ARNC than other *** the ARNC,the start time of rainfall and the end time of snowpack gradually advanced from the spring of the current year to the winter of the previous year,while the end time of rainfall and the start time of snowpack gradually delayed from autumn to *** may lead to more ROS events in winter in the *** results could provide a sound basis for managing water resources and mitigating related disasters caused by ROS events in the ARNC.

关键词： rain-on-snow events snowpack snowmelt climate change Spearman's rank correlation arid region of Northwest China

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Effects of Different Light Qualities on the Growth Characteristics of Populus trinervis

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第5期93卷 1043-1056页

作者： Jiaqi Li Zhensheng Qiao Dan Zong Chengzhong He Key Laboratory for Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement and Propagation in Universities of Yunnan Province Southwest Forestry UniversityKunmingChina Key Laboratory of Biodiversity conservation in Southwest China State Forestry AdministrationSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingChina Key Laboratory for Forestry resources conservation and Utilization in the Southwest mountains of China Ministry of EducationSouthwest Forestry UniversityKunmingChina

Populus trinervis is native to China and plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining the ecological balance of boreal and temperate *** mainly grows in high-altitude *** present,there are limited studies on the response of *** to different light qualities,so it is necessary to investigate the photosynthetic physiological changes of *** in different light *** our study,*** was grown for 8 months under light filtered by three different colored *** three treatments were blue film,green film,and white plastic *** effects of blue(B),green(G),and white(W)light on photosynthetic pigment content,absolute growth,photosynthetic parameters,soluble sugar content,and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were studied,*** to the Wtreatment,the chlorophyll a and b,carotenoids,total chlorophyll content(a+b),absolute growth of seedling height,net photosynthetic rate(PN),water use efficiency(WUE),total soluble sugars,sucrose,and nonphotochemical quenching(NPQ)of *** were significantly increased under B ***,chlorophyll a and b,carotenoids,total chlorophyll(a+b),transpiration rate(Tr),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(Ci),stomatal conductance(gs),absolute growth of seedling height and leaf length,reducing sugar,total soluble sugar content,and NPQ were significantly increased under G *** results showed that the absolute growth and chlorophyll content of *** were increased under B light,while the sugar and photosynthetic parameters were increased under G *** studies may look into how B light impacts absolute growth and promotional mechanisms,as well as how G light affects the accumulation of sugar levels.

关键词： Blue light green light white light photosynthetic pigment soluble sugar

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The relationship between interannual dry/wet changes and nomadic wars in the Hexi Corridor region of China during the period 241–1912 A.D.

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1922-1931页

作者： Fei TANG Zhilin SHI Qinhua TIAN Xiaogang DU Yong ZHANG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Dunhuang Studies Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Longchanghe Station Gansu Qilian Mountain National Nature ReserveZhangye 734400China University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The link between climate and war has long been a topic of great scientific and social *** this study,we investigate the influence of climate on warfare in China’s Hexi Corridor region since 241 *** the superposed epoch analysis of tree-ring data and historical war data,we observe a notable correlation between interannual dry-wet variations and wars instigated by nomadic groups in the Hexi ***,this relationship is dynamic and influenced by the region’s relative *** periods in which the Hexi Corridor was ruled by multiple regimes,wars tended to follow dry climatic conditions,which may be due to the fact that unusual drought during these periods likely heightened competition for resources and ***,during times of regional unity,wars were more likely to occur when climatic conditions were wet because the expansion of rangelands and the accumulation of resources helped fuel the nomads’outward *** findings underscore the complexity of the relationship between war and climate *** gain a more comprehensive understanding of this relationship,continuous,high-resolution historical temperature and humidity datasets with broader and more uniform coverage are needed across multiple *** addition,collecting and examining disaggregated historical war data for regions with distinct characteristics is essential.

关键词： Drought Interannual dry and wet variations War The Hexi Corridor Tree ring Nomadic groups

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Response of runoff and its components to climate change in the Manas River of the Tian Shan mountains

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 62-74页

作者： Ze-Long YANG Peng BAI Key Laboratory of water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10010lChina University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A warming-wetting climate trend has led to increased runoff in most watersheds in the Tian Shan mountains over the past few ***,it remains unclear how runoff components,that is,rainfall runoff(Rrain),snowmelt runoff(Rsnow),and glacier meltwater(Rglacier),responded to historical climate change and how they will evolve under future climate change ***,we used a modified Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning(HBV)model and a detrending method to quantify the impact of precipitation and temperature changes on runoff components in the largest river(Manas River)on the northern slope of the Tian Shan mountains from 1982 to 2015.A multivariate calibration strategy,including snow cover,glacier area,and runoff was implemented to constrain model parameters associated with runoff *** downscaled outputs of 12 general circulation models(GCMs)from the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)were also used to force the modified HBV model to project the response of runoff and its components to future(2016-2100)climate change under three common socio-economic pathways(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585).The results indicate that Rrain dominates mean annual runoff with a proportion of 42%,followed by Rsnow(37%)and Rglacier(21%).In terms of inter-annual variation,Rrain and Rsnow show increasing trends(0.93(p0.05)mm per year),while Rglacier exhibits an insignificant(p>0.05)decreasing trend(-0.12 mm per year),leading to an increasing trend in total runoff(1.12 mm per year,p>0.05).The attribution analysis indicates that changes in precipitation and temperature contribute 8.16 and 10.37 mm,respectively,to the increase in runoff at the mean annual *** wetting(increased precipitation)increases Rrain(5.03 mm)and Rsnow(3.19 mm)but has a limited effect on Rglacier(-0.06 mm),while warming increases Rrain(10.69 mm)and Rglacier(5.79 mm)but decreases Rsnow(-6.12 mm).The negative effect of glacier shrinkage on Rglacier has outweighed the

关键词： Tian Shan Rainfall runoff Snowmelt runoff Glacier meltwater Warming-wetting Tipping point

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Novel umami peptides from two Termitomyces mushrooms and molecular docking to the taste receptor T1R1/T1R3

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 1055-1064页

作者： Lanyun Zhang Li Zhang Jesus Pérez-Moreno Lu Bin Fengming Zhang Fuqiang Yu The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green DevelopmentKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China College of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China College of Food Science and Technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Colegio Postgraduados Campus MontecilloEdafologíaTexcoco 56230México Key Laboratory for Forest resources conservation and Use in the Southwest mountains of China Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China

Wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms are popular in Southwest China and umami is important flavor qualities of edible *** study aimed to understand the umami taste of Termitomyces intermedius and Termitomyces *** umami peptides from aqueous extracts were separated using a Sephadex G-15 gel filtration *** intense umami fraction was evaluated by both sensory evaluation and electronic *** were identified as KLNDAQAPK,DSTDEKFLR,VGKGAHLSGEH,MLKKKKLA,SLGFGGPPGY,TVATFSSSTKPDD,AMDDDEADLLLLAM,VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and *** peptides,except VEDEDEKPKEK,SPEEKKEEET and PEGADKPNK were selectively synthesized to verify their taste *** these 10 peptides had umami or salt *** 10 peptides were conducted by molecular docking to study their interaction with identified peptides and the umami taste receptor T1R1/*** these 10 peptides perfectly docked the active residues in the T1R3 *** results provide theoretical basis for the umami taste and address the umami mechanism of two wild edible Termitomyces mushrooms.

关键词： Termitomyces Non-volatile flavor compounds Umami peptides Taste characteristics Molecular docking

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Surface pollen and modern vegetation in Southern Xinjiang,China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第2期67卷 510-530页

作者： Yun ZHANG Lixin CHEN Yaoyao XI Zhaochen KONG Xianguo QIAO State Key Laboratory of Black Soils conservation and Utilization Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130102China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing100049China School of Geosciences and resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China

The study of modern pollen,and vegetation can improve the accuracy of paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on fossil pollen data.A total of 188 pollen surface samples were collected from Southern Xinjiang(34°00’–43°00’N,74°00’–94°00’E)in China,with an elevation range of 888–4530 *** pollen and vegetation were studied in the northern region of the Kunlun mountains and the southern region of the Tianshan *** results showed that the surface pollen assemblages on the southern slope of the Tianshan mountains(3530–1124 m)were divided into three pollen zones,namely,montane steppe,montane desert steppe,and montane *** zones were dominated by Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,and Ephedra *** surface pollen assemblages in the eastern Pamir Plateau(4530–1287 m)could be divided into alpine meadow,montane desert steppe,and montane desert zones,which were predominantly characterized by Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,and Asteraceae ***,the Southern Tarim Basin(3548–888 m)comprised montane desert steppe and montane desert zones,which was dominated by Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae *** geographic distribution of the surface pollen sites obtained using ArcGIS,the R-value,and Pearson correlation analyses indicated that the over-represented Picea and Pinus pollen were of external origin and were transported by wind,water(rivers),and ice(glacier movement).Over-representation of Ephedra and Nitraria pollen was mainly distributed in the montane desert and desert steppe zones,*** from Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia were over-represented and broadly distributed across Southern *** pollen was concentrated in areas with walnut trees,strongly indicating the presence of local parent *** to the Hybrid Singleparticle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model,more Pinus pollen was transported to the Pamir region by external airflows during spring and summer,resulting in its higher surface pollen *** elucidating t

关键词： Surface pollen Vegetation Distribution Picea Southern Xinjiang

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Spatial pattern recognition for near-surface high temperature increases in mountain areas using MODIS and SRTM DEM

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 2025-2042页

作者： WANG Yanxia YANG Lisha HUANG Xiaoyuan ZHOU Ruliang School of Soil and water conservation Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China School of Economics and Management Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China

Abrupt near-surface temperature changes in mountainous areas are a special component of the mountain climate *** and accurate measurements of the locations,intensity,and width of the near-surface changes are necessary but highly difficult due to the complicated environmental conditions and instrumental *** paper develops a spatial pattern recognition method to measure the near-surface high temperature increase(NSHTI),one of the lesser-attended ***,raster window measurement was proposed to calculate the temperature lapse rate using MODIS land surface temperature and SRTM DEM *** fully considers the terrain heights of two neighboring cells on opposite or adjacent slopes with a moving window of 3×3 cell ***,a threshold selection was performed to identify the NSHTI cells using a threshold of-0.65℃/100 ***,the NSHTI strips were parameterized through raster vectorization and spatial *** Yunnan,a mountainous province in southwestern China,as the study area,the results indicate that the NSHTI cells concentrate in a strip-like pattern along the mountains and valleys,and the strips are almost parallel to the altitude contours with a slight northward ***,they are located mostly at a 3/5 height of high mountains or within 400 m from the valley floors,where the controlling topographic index is the altitude of the terrain trend surface but not the absolute elevation and the topographic uplift height and cutting ***,the NSHTI intensity varies with the geographic locations and the proportions increase with an exponential trend,and the horizontal width has a mean of about 1000 m and a maximum of over 5000 *** result demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively recognize NSHTI boundaries over mountains,providing support for the modeling of weather and climate systems and the development of mountain resources.

关键词： High temperature increase Mountain areas MODIS Spatial pattern recognition Raster window measurement Threshold selection

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Occurrence of microplastics in natural and farmland soil in the qilian mountains of the Northern Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第7期21卷 2159-2172页

作者： KANG Qiangqiang ZHANG Yulan KANG Shichang ZHANG Shengyin LUO Xi LI Longrui WANG Zhaoqing ZHANG Shuncun Key Laboratory of Petroleum resources Exploration and Evaluation Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Microplastics(MPs)become ubiquitous in soil and are an environmental and public health concern ***,the status of MPs in natural and farmland soils in remote areas remains poorly *** this study,we investigated the characteristics of MPs in natural and farmland soils along two transects in the qilian mountains of the northern Tibetan *** average abundance of MPs in natural and farmland soils was 29,778 and 56,123 items kg^(-1),respectively,with a detection size range of 10-1000μ*** in the size range of 10-100μm accounted for 84.1%of particles *** the 21 polymers detected,polyethylene dominated in both farmland and natural *** shape of MPs was dominated by fragments(95.8%),followed by fibers(3.8%)and beads(0.4%).The abundance of MPs was positively correlated with increasing altitude in natural *** was no significant correlation between the abundance of MPs and soil physicochemical properties due to the narrow range of values of soil physicochemical *** the growing concern regarding MPs pollution,research on the status of MPs in high altitude and remote areas is critical to understanding their global cycle.

关键词： Microplastics pollution Soil Remote areas Tibetan Plateau

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