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Combustion aerosols and suspended dust with controlled processes in Lhasa:Elemental analysis and size distribution characteristics

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第2期148卷 591-601页

作者： Jinglin Li Zhuoga Deqing Jie Liang Tao Guo Jian Yao Wei Liu Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of ScienceShanghai 201800China University of Chinese academy of science Beijing 100049China meteorological Bureau of Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa 850000China

To explore air contamination resulting from special biomass combustion and suspended dust in Lhasa,the present study focused on the size distribution and chemical characteristics of particulate matter(PM)emission resulting from 7 types of non-fossil pollution *** investigated the concentration and size distribution of trace elements from 7 pollution sources collected in *** Lhasa’s atmospheric particulate matter data,enrichment factors(EFs)have been calculated to examine the potential impact of those pollution sources on the atmosphere quality of *** highest mass concentration of total elements of biomass combustion appeared at PM_(0.4),and the second highest concentration existed in the size fraction 0.4-1μm;the higher proportion(12%)of toxicmetals was produced by biomass *** elemental composition of suspended dust and atmospheric particulate matter was close(except for As and Cd);the highest concentration of elements was all noted in PM_(2.5-10)(PM3-10).Potassium was found to be one of the main biomass *** proportion of Cu in suspended dust is significantly lower than that of atmospheric particulate matter(0.53%and 3.75%),which indicates that there are other anthropogenic *** EFs analysis showed that the Cr,Cu,Zn,and Pb produced by biomass combustion were highly enriched(EFs>100)in all particle *** EFs of most trace elements increased with decreasing particle size,indicating the greater influence of humanfactors on smaller particles.

关键词： Size distribution Trace elements Particulate matter Enrichment factors Lhasa

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A robust statistical prediction model for late-summer heavy precipitation days in North China

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第1期68卷 158-171页

作者： Shunli JIANG Tingting HAN Xin ZHOU Huijun WANG Zhicong YIN Xiaolei SONG Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of meteorological Disasters/Key Laboratory of meteorological Disaster Ministry of EducationNanjing University for Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China Southern Marine science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai519080China

Recently,heavy precipitation(HP)events have occurred frequently in North China(NC),causing devastating economic losses and human ***,the short-term climate prediction of HP is quite *** year-to-year increment(DY)method and sliding correlations,we developed a robust seasonal prediction model for late-summer HP days(HPDs)in NC during 1982–2022,utilizing three independent predictors—February sea surface temperature(SST)in the Indian Ocean(SST_IO),February snow depth over North Asia(SDE_NA),and May melted snow depth in NC(MSDE_NC).The SST_IO anomalies affect NC's precipitation through the Pacific-Japan *** SDE_NA anomalies are associated with East Asian anomalous anticyclone by southeastern propagation of Rossby wave at *** MSDE_NC anomalies are followed by vertical motion and moisture anomalies in situ and thereby cause precipitation *** prediction model can well simulate the variations of the HPDs,with a correlation coefficient(CC)of 0.81(0.65)between the observed and predicted HPDs_DY(HPDs_anomaly).The percentage with the same sign for 15 extreme HPDs_anomaly years(PSSE)is 100%.Moreover,in the cross-validation test during 1982–2022,the PSSE for HPDs_anomaly is as high as 100%,along with a low rootmean-square error of *** independent hindcasts during 2013–2022,the CC between the observed and predicted HPDs_DY(HPDs_anomaly)is 0.93(0.83),together with high Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(0.82)and agreement index(0.89).Specifically,the predictions are broadly consistent with the observations for 2015,2016,2017,2021,and 2022,reflecting excellent performance of this prediction model of HPDs in NC.

关键词： Heavy precipitation at North China Year-to-year increment approach Robust seasonal prediction Sea surface temperature Snow depth

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Uncertainties in Tornado Records and Potential Solutions from the Perspective of Damage Surveys

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第3期42卷 411-416页

作者： Zhaoming LI Zhiyong MENG Lanqiang BAI Kanglong CAI Xiaohua WANG Foshan Tornado Research Center and China Meteorological Administration Tornado Key LaboratoryGBA Academy of Meteorological ResearchGuangdong 528000China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic sciences and China Meteorological Administration Tornado Key LaboratorySchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Jiangsu meteorological Observatory Nanjing 210008China

Confirming tornado occurrence and estimating tornado intensity are quite challenging,especially for long-track tornadoes and tornado outbreaks,because of the inefficiency or absence of on-site damage surveys,especially in sparsely populated regions,which brings about large uncertainties in the tornado *** potential methods to alleviate this uncertainty in tornado records have been introduced,such as reports from tornado enthusiasts,trawling of social media sites,and spaceborne photography,which have been shown to be efficient in collecting damage information and depicting the damage swath and ascertaining tornado *** aerial vehicles may help in effectively rating tornado *** 2021,some of these methods have been being tested or are under operation at the China meteorological Administration Tornado Key Laboratory and the Foshan Tornado Research Center,and have proved to be *** have great potential in advancing tornado or downburst damage surveys nationally or worldwide,as well as assessing tornado climatologies,especially in sparsely populated regions such as Northeast China.

关键词： tornado outbreak damage survey unmanned aerial vehicle spaceborne photography

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Separation of the ionospheric and thermospheric contributions in the data from the Triple Ionosophere Photo Meter onboard the Feng-Yun 3E satellite

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science China Earth sciences 2025年第1期68卷 172-184页

作者： Fang JIANG Tian MAO Jin-Song WANG Xiu-Qing HU Xiao-Xin ZHANG Liping FU Nan JIA Tianfang WANG National Space science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100090China Beijing Key Laboratory of Space Environment Exploration Beijing100090China Key Laboratory of Environmental Space Situation Awareness Technology Beijing100090China National Satellite meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

The Triple Ionosphere Photo Meter(TRIPM)is a far ultraviolet nadir-view photometer that is onboard the secondgeneration,polar-orbiting Chinese meteorological satellite Feng-Yun 3E(FY-3E),which was launched on July 5,*** has three channels,and each is used to measure different types of emissions:(1)135.6 nm airglow produced by the recombination of the O+ions and electrons in the absence of sunlight(nighttime channel);(2)135.6 nm airglow from the OI when sunlight is present(daytime/dusk-dawn 135.6 nm channel);and(3)Airglow in the N_(2)LBH of the TRIPM(daytime/dusk-dawn N_(2)LBH channel).FY-3E is a satellite operating in the early morning ***,the data are mostly distributed on the dawndusk side or at times when the solar zenith angle is relatively *** this study,combined with simulation calculations,the data are *** further explore the application value of the data products,a model is used to separate the ionospheric radiative recombination contribution from the thermosphere photoelectron impact excitation contribution in the data from the daytime/dusk-dawn 135.6 nm *** approach not only improves the accuracy of O/N_(2)derived from the 135.6 nm channel and N_(2)LBH channel but also provides the ionospheric 135.6 nm radiance at the same time as the *** results show that the 135.6 nm radiance originating from the combination of O+and electrons extracted from the measurement data exhibits similar equatorial anomaly peak structure characteristics and seasonal variations as the corresponding GPS total electron content(TEC)*** the other hand,the separated 135.6 nm radiance generated from the thermosphere photoelectron collision excitation does not contain radiative recombination contributions;thus,the ionosphere influence is greatly avoided when the O/N_(2)is obtained.

关键词： Far ultraviolet 135.6 nm emission intensity Photoelectron impact excitation Radiative recombination excitation

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An Objective Synoptic Analysis Technique for the Identification of Tropical Cyclone Remote Precipitation in China and Its Application

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2025年第1期24卷 13-30页

作者： JIA Li DING Chenchen CONG Chunhua REN Fumin LIU Yanan School of Atmospheric science Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Public meteorological Service Center of CMA Beijing 100081China Shandong meteorological Bureau Jinan 250031China Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms(LACS) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

At present,the identification of tropical cyclone remote precipitation(TRP)requires subjective participation,leading to inconsistent results among different researchers despite adopting the same identification ***,establishing an objective identification method is greatly *** this study,an objective synoptic analysis technique for TRP(OSAT_TRP)is proposed to identify TRP using daily precipitation datasets,historical tropical cyclone(TC)track data,and the ERA5 reanalysis *** method includes three steps:first,independent rain belts are separated,and those that might relate to TCs'remote effects are distinguished according to their distance from the ***,the strong water vapor transport belt from the TC is identified using integrated horizontal water vapor transport(IVT).Third,TRP is distinguished by connecting the first two *** TRP obtained through this method can satisfy three criteria,as follows:1)the precipitation occurs outside the circulation of TCs,2)the precipitation is affected by TCs,and 3)a gap exists between the TRP and TC rain *** diagnosis analysis,compared with subjective TRP results and backward trajectory analyses using HYSPLIT,indicates that OSAT_TRP can distinguish TRP even when multiple TCs in the Northwest Pacific are ***,we applied the OSAT_TRP to select typical TRPs and obtained the synoptic-scale environments of the TRP through composite analysis.

关键词： tropical cyclone remote precipitation objective identification method

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Quantitative impacts of meteorology and emissions on the long-term trend of O3 in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD),China from 2015 to 2022

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2025年第3期149卷 314-329页

作者： Lingxia Wu Junlin An Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China meteorological Administration Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Extensive spatiotemporal analyses of long-trend surface ozone in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region and itsmeteorology-related and emission-related have not been systematically *** this study,by using 8-year-long(2015–2022)surface ozone observation data,we attempted to reveal the variation ofmultiple timescale components using the Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter,and the effects of meteorology and emissions were quantitatively isolated using multiple linear regression with meteorological *** results showed that the short-term,seasonal,and long-term components accounted for daily maximum 8-hr average O_(3)(O_(3–8)hr)concentration,46.4%,45.9%,and 1.0%,*** meteorological impacts account for an average of 71.8%of O_(3–8)hr,and the YRD’s eastern and northern sections aremeteorology-sensitive *** on statistical analysis technology with empirical orthogonal function,the contribution of meteorology,local emission,and transport in the long-term component of O_(3–8)hr were 0.21%,0.12%,and 0.6%,*** spatiotemporal analysis indicated that a distinct decreasing spatial pattern could be observed from coastal cities towards the northwest,influenced by the monsoon and synoptic *** central urban agglomeration north and south of the YRD was particularly susceptible to local *** the cities studied,Shanghai,Anqing,and Xuancheng,located at similar latitudes,were significantly impacted by atmospheric transmission—the contribution of Shanghai,the maximum accounting for 3.6%.

关键词： O_(3)Yangtze River Delta(YRD)Kolmogorov-Zurbenko filter Empirical orthogonal function Long-term trend

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Impact of Assimilation of FY-4A GIIRS Three-Dimensional Horizontal Wind Observations on Typhoon Forecasts

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第3期42卷 467-485页

作者： Hao WANG Wei HAN Jun LI Hao CHEN Ruoying YIN CMA Earth System Modeling and Prediction Center(CEMC) China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(LaSW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China FYSIC National Satellite Meteorological CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Jiangsu meteorological Observatory Nanjing 210008China Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationNanjing 210008China

Measurements from a hyperspectral infrared(HIR) sounder onboard a satellite in geostationary orbit not only provide atmospheric thermodynamic information,but also can be used to infer dynamic information with high temporal *** measurements from the Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder(GIIRS),obtained with 15-min temporal resolution during Typhoon Maria(2018) and 30-min temporal resolution during Typhoon Lekima(2019),were used to derive three-dimensional(3D) horizontal winds by tracking the motion of atmospheric *** work focused on the impact of assimilation of 3D winds on typhoon analyses and forecasts using the operational NWP model of the China meteorological Administration(CMA-MESO),and improved understanding of the potential benefits of assimilating dynamic information from geostationary sounder data with higher temporal *** standard deviation of the observations minus simulations revealed that the accuracy of the derived 3D winds with 15-min resolution was higher than that of derived winds with 30-min *** showed that the assimilation system can effectively absorb the information of the derived 3D winds,and that dynamic information from clear-sky areas can be transferred to typhoon *** typhoon prediction,assimilation of the derived 3D winds had greatest influence on the typhoon track,and less influence on the maximum wind *** of the derived 3D winds reduced the average track error by 17.4% for Typhoon Maria(2018) and by 3.5% for Typhoon Lekima(2019) during their entire 36-h forecasts initiated at different *** of GIIRS dynamic information can substantially improve forecasts of heavy precipitation by *** indicate that the assimilation of dynamic information from high-temporal-resolution geostationary HIR sounder data adds value for improved numerical weather prediction.

关键词： GIIRS 3D horizontal winds typhoon CMA-MESO

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Distinct Mechanisms Governing Two Types of Extreme Hourly Rainfall Rates in the Mountain Foothills of North China During the Passage of a Typhoon Remnant Vortex from 30 July to 1 August 2023

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第4期42卷 761-779页

作者： Rudi XIA Yuqing RUAN Jisong SUN Xudong LIANG Chong WU Feng LI Ju LI Jinfang YIN Xinghua BAO Mingxin LI Xiaoyu GAO State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China Research Center for Disastrous Weather over Hengduan Mountains&Low-Latitude Plateau China Meteorological AdministrationKunming 650034China

This study investigates extreme rainfall episodes along the eastern foothills of the Taihang Mountains in North China from 30 July to 1 August *** focuses on two types of extreme hourly rainfall rates(HRRs),i.e.,the maximum regionalaverage HRR and site-observed HRR,which exhibited sequential development over southern,middle,and northern key *** rainfall extremes occurred in an environment where a high-pressure barrier over North China prevented the intrusion of cold air masses from the north while a northward-moving typhoon remnant vortex and its associated low-level jet(LLJ)transported warm and moist airflow from the *** distinct echo evolution modes and convection initiation mechanisms are identified for the two types of extreme *** maximum regional-average HRR occurred when the LLJ arrived to the east of the key regions,while the maximum site-observed HRR occurred when the warmer vortex center influenced the *** the northern key region as a representation,at the time of the maximum regional-average HRR,slantwise ascent of the airflow along a warm-frontal-like boundary released energy related to symmetrical instability,resulting in stratiform rainfall with weak convective *** transport of locally initiated convection over the eastern plain region,where the atmospheric stratification was more potentially unstable,also significantly *** the maximum site-observed HRR occurred,the terrain lifting of warm and moist southeast airflow led to intense convection over the mountain ***,the passage of the warm-core typhoon remnant vortex and interaction with Taihang Mountains determined the timing and location of extreme HRRs across the key regions.

关键词： extreme rainfall hourly rainfall rate mountain vortex mechanism

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HUST-CRA:A New Atmospheric De-Aliasing Model for Satellite Gravimetry

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第2期42卷 382-396页

作者： Weihang ZHANG Fan YANG Yi WU Hailong LIU Tao ZHANG Zhicai LUO Ehsan FOROOTAN School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Geodesy Group Department of Sustainability and PlanningAalborg UniversityAalborg 9000Denmark Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China National meteorological Information Center China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Beijing 100081China

Atmospheric de-aliasing is one of the most important background models for recovering Earth's temporal gravity field from gravity satellite *** meet the needs of China's gravimetric satellite platform,an independent atmospheric dealiasing model that relies on Chinese meteorological data needs to be *** release of CRA-40,as the firstgeneration Chinese atmospheric reanalysis,provides the *** study proposes a revised modeling method to calibrate CRA-40 and develops a new atmospheric de-aliasing model(HUST-CRA,2002-20).Intensive assessments are made between HUST-CRA and the latest official de-aliasing product of the international gravity satellite *** tidal components of the two products demonstrate high consistency,e.g.,the spatial correlation for the major tide S_1 is *** non-tidal components of the two products are also equivalent:(1)the temporal correlation of low-degree terms is higher than 0.97,except for the term of S22(0.93);(2)the spectral correlation of degree geoid height up to degree/order 100 is as high as 0.99;(3)the confidence interval of the spatial correlation(2002-20)is[0.971,0.995]at a confidence level of 95%;and(4)the difference in KBRR(K-band range rate)residuals is less than 0.08μm s^(-1),the difference in the derived temporal gravity field is less than 0.32 mm in terms of geoid height,and both are apparently beyond the ability of the current gravity satellite *** confirms that CRA-40 is of high quality and that the derived de-aliasing product,HUST-CRA,is accurate enough to be used in both Chinese and international gravity satellite missions.

关键词： CRA-40 atmospheric de-aliasing gravity satellite temporal gravity field

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Joint Retrieval of PM_(2.5) Concentration and Aerosol Optical Depth over China Using Multi-Task Learning on FY-4A AGRI

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2025年第1期42卷 94-110页

作者： Bo LI Disong FU Ling YANG Xuehua FAN Dazhi YANG Hongrong SHI Xiang’ao XIA Electronic Engineering College Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China Tianjin meteorological Radar Research Trial Center Tianjin Meteorological BureauTianjin 300074China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Research Centre on meteorological Observation Engineering Technology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Extreme Meteorology Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

Aerosol optical depth(AOD)and fine particulate matter with a diameter of less than or equal to 2.5μm(PM_(2.5))play crucial roles in air quality,human health,and climate ***,the complex correlation of AOD–PM_(2.5)and the limitations of existing algorithms pose a significant challenge in realizing the accurate joint retrieval of these two parameters at the same *** this point,a multi-task learning(MTL)model,which enables the joint retrieval of PM_(2.5)concentration and AOD,is proposed and applied on the top-of-the-atmosphere reflectance data gathered by the Fengyun-4A Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager(FY-4A AGRI),and compared to that of two single-task learning models—namely,Random Forest(RF)and Deep Neural Network(DNN).Specifically,MTL achieves a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.88 and a root-mean-square error(RMSE)of 0.10 in AOD *** comparison to RF,the R^(2)increases by 0.04,the RMSE decreases by 0.02,and the percentage of retrieval results falling within the expected error range(Within-EE)rises by 5.55%.The R^(2)and RMSE of PM_(2.5)retrieval by MTL are 0.84 and 13.76μg m~(-3)*** with RF,the R^(2)increases by 0.06,the RMSE decreases by 4.55μg m~(-3),and the Within-EE increases by 7.28%.Additionally,compared to DNN,MTL shows an increase of 0.01 in R^(2)and a decrease of 0.02 in RMSE in AOD retrieval,with a corresponding increase of 2.89%in *** PM_(2.5)retrieval,MTL exhibits an increase of 0.05 in R^(2),a decrease of 1.76μg m~(-3)in RMSE,and an increase of 6.83%in *** evaluation suggests that MTL is able to provide simultaneously improved AOD and PM_(2.5)retrievals,demonstrating a significant advantage in efficiently capturing the spatial distribution of PM_(2.5)concentration and AOD.

关键词： AOD PM_(2.5) FY-4A multi-task learning joint retrieval

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