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Experimental realization of fractal fretwork metasurface for sound anomalous modulation

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 473-478页

作者：何佳杰于书萌江雪他得安 Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China academy for Engineering and technology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China

Natural creatures and ancient cultures are full of potential sources to provide inspiration for applied *** by the fractal geometry in nature and the fretwork frame in ancient culture,here we design the acoustic metasurface to realize sound anomalous modulation,which manifests itself as an incident-dependent propagation behavior:sound wave propagating in the forward direction is allowed to transmit with high efficiency while in the backward direction is obviously *** quantitatively investigate the dependences of asymmetric transmission on the propagation direction,incident angle and operating frequency by calculating sound transmittance and energy *** compact fractal fretwork metasurface for acoustic anomalous modulation would promote the development of integrated acoustic devices and expand versatile applications in acoustic communication and information encryption.

关键词： acoustic metasurface fractal geometry sound anomalous modulation

An improved analysis method for assessing the nuclear-heating impact on the stability of toroidal field magnets in fusion reactors

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 163-176页

作者： Yu-Dong Lu Jin-Xing Zheng Xu-Feng Liu Huan Wu Jian Ge Kun Xu Ming Li Hai-Yang Liu Lei Zhu Fei Liu Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China University of science and technology of China Hefei 230026China

The superconducting magnet system of a fusion reactor plays a vital role in plasma confinement,a process that can be dis-rupted by various operational factors.A critical parameter for evaluating the temperature margin of superconducting magnets during normal operation is the nuclear heating caused by D-T *** study investigates the impact of nuclear heat-ing on a superconducting magnet system by employing an improved analysis method that combines neutronics and thermal *** the magnet system,toroidal field(TF)magnets are positioned closest to the plasma and bear the highest nuclear-heat load,making them prime candidates for evaluating the influence of nuclear heating on *** enhance the modeling accuracy and facilitate design modifications,a parametric TF model that incorporates heterogeneity is established to expedite the optimization design process and enhance the accuracy of the computations.A comparative analysis with a homogeneous TF model reveals that the heterogeneous model improves accuracy by over 12%.Considering factors such as heat load,magnetic-field strength,and cooling conditions,the cooling circuit facing the most severe conditions is selected to calculate the temperature of the *** selection streamlines the workload associated with thermal-hydraulic *** approach enables a more efficient and precise evaluation of the temperature margin of TF ***,it offers insights that can guide the optimization of both the structure and cooling strategy of superconducting magnet systems.

关键词： Superconducting magnet Nuclear heating Neutronics Thermal hydraulics

FPSblo:A Blockchain Network Transmission Model Utilizing Farthest Point Sampling

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2491-2509页

作者： Longle Cheng Xiru Li Shiyu Fang Wansu Pan He Zhao Haibo Tan Xiaofeng Li Hefei Institutes of Physical science Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei230031China University of science and technology of China Hefei230026China

Peer-to-peer(P2P)overlay networks provide message transmission capabilities for blockchain *** data transmission efficiency in P2P networks can greatly enhance the performance of blockchain ***,traditional blockchain P2P networks face a common challenge where there is often a mismatch between the upper-layer traffic requirements and the underlying physical network *** mismatch results in redundant data transmission and inefficient routing,severely constraining the scalability of blockchain *** address these pressing issues,we propose FPSblo,an efficient transmission method for blockchain *** inspiration for FPSblo stems from the Farthest Point Sampling(FPS)algorithm,a well-established technique widely utilized in point cloud image *** this work,we analogize blockchain nodes to points in a point cloud image and select a representative set of nodes to prioritize message forwarding so that messages reach the network edge quickly and are evenly ***,we compare our model with the Kadcast transmission model,which is a classic improvement model for blockchain P2P transmission networks,the experimental findings show that the FPSblo model reduces 34.8%of transmission redundancy and reduces the overload rate by 37.6%.By conducting experimental analysis,the FPS-BT model enhances the transmission capabilities of the P2P network in blockchain.

关键词： Blockchain P2P networks scalability farthest point sampling

Surficial modification enabling planar Al growth toward dendrite-free metal anodes for rechargeable aluminum batteries

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science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1341-1351页

作者： Wenhao Liu Yu Li Bo Long Haoyi Yang Lumin Zheng Ying Bai Feng Wu Chuan Wu School of Materials science and Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Yangtze Delta Region academy of Beijing Institute of technology Jiaxing 314019China

Al metal possesses ultrahigh theoretical volumetric capacity of 8,040 m Ah cm^(-3),and gravimetric capacity of 2,980 m Ah g^(-1),and thus is highly attractive for electrochemical energy ***,it suffers from several issues,such as the dendrite formation,during Al stripping-deposition cycling,which has been verified to account for the short circuit and limited cyclic ***,we use a facile and applicable method to in-situ reconstruct the Al anode surface with F-Al-O chemical bonds,which could preferentially induce the planar growth of Al along the interface plane,thus leading to the dendrite-free morphology evolution during the *** from F-Al-O chemical bonds on the surface of Al anodes,long lifespan of symmetric cells can be realized even under 1 m A cm^(-2)and 1 m Ah cm^(-2).Coupling the F-Al anode with graphite-based cathodes,high-voltage dual-ion Al metal batteries can be achieved with long-term cycle stability up to 1,200 cycles(at 0.5 m A cm^(-2)),surpassing the counterparts using pristine Al metal ***,the effectiveness of this surficial modification strategy is also elucidated with the aid of theoretical *** work provides novel insights on low-cost and facile strategies against the Al dendrite growth in aluminum batteries.

关键词： rechargeable aluminum batteries Al metal anode Al dendrite dual-ion batteries surficial modification

Remote heteroepitaxy of transition metal dichalcogenides through monolayer hexagonal boron nitride

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 3224-3231页

作者： Jidong Huang Jingren Chen Junhua Meng Siyu Zhang Ji Jiang Jingzhen Li Libin Zeng Zhigang Yin Jinliang Wu Xingwang Zhang Key Lab of Semiconductor Materials science Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Faculty of science Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

As a very promising epitaxy technology,the remote epitaxy has attracted extensive attention in recent years,in which graphene is the most used interlayer *** an isomorphic of graphene,two-dimensional(2D)hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN),is another promising interlayer for the remote ***,there is a current debate on the feasibility of using h-BN as interlayer in the remote ***,we demonstrate that the potential field of sapphire can completely penetrate monolayer h-BN,and hence the remote epitaxy of ZrS_(2) layers can be realized on sapphire substrates through monolayer *** field of sapphire can only partially penetrate the bilayer h-BN and result in the mixing of remote epitaxy and van der Waals(vdWs)*** to the weak interfacial scattering and high crystalline quality of ZrS_(2) epilayer,the ZrS_(2) photodetector with monolayer h-BN shows the best performance,with an on/off ratio of more than 2×10^(5) and a responsivity up to 379 mA·W^(-1).This work provides an efficient approach to prepare single-crystal transition metal dichalcogenides and their heterojunctions with h-BN,which have great potential in developing large-area 2D electronic devices.

关键词： remote epitaxy hexagonal boron nitride transition metal dichalcogenides chemical vapor deposition photodetectors

Scalable synthesis of lipid nanoparticles for nucleic acid drug delivery using an isometric channel-size enlarging strategy

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2899-2907页

作者： Zesen Ma Haiyang Tong Sijin Lin Li Zhou Demeng Sun Baoqing Li Changlin Tian Jiaru Chu Department of Precision machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Key Laboratory of Precision Scientific Instrumentation of Anhui Higher Education Institutes University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China science Island Branch Graduate SchoolUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging High Magnetic Field LaboratoryHefei Institute of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Peptide Drugs University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China School of Biomedical Engineering Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215127China

Lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)have emerged as highly effective delivery systems for nucleic acid-based ***,the broad clinical translation of LNP-based drugs is hampered by the lack of robust and scalable synthesis techniques that can consistently produce formulations from early development to clinical *** this work,we proposed a method to achieve scalable synthesis of LNPs by scaling inertial microfluidic mixers isometrically in three ***,a theoretical predictive method,which controls the mixing time to be equal across different chips,is developed to ensure consistent particle size and size distribution of the synthesized *** loaded with small interfering RNA(siRNA)were synthesized at different flow rates,exhibiting consistent physical properties,including particle size,size distribution and encapsulation *** work provides a practical approach for scalable synthesis of LNPs consistently,offering the potential to accelerate the transition of nucleic acid drug development into clinical application.

关键词： lipid nanoparticles nucleic acid delivery microfluidics scalable synthesis consistent particle size

Preliminary electromagnetic analysis of the COOL blanket for CFETR

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Plasma science and technology 2024年第1期26卷 101-108页

作者：鲁帅领马学斌刘松林 School of Nuclear science and technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China

The supercritical CO_(2)cOoled Lithium-Lead(COOL)blanket has been designed as one advanced blanket candidate for the Chinese Fusion Engineering Test Reactor(CFETR).This work focuses on the electromagnetic(EM)loads(Maxwell force and Lorentz force)acting on the COOL blanket,which are important mechanical loads in further structural analysis of the COOL blanket.A 3D electromagnetic analysis is performed using the ANSYS finite element method to obtain EM loads on the COOL blanket in this *** first,the magnetic scalar potential(MSP)method is used to obtain the magnetic field and the Maxwell force on the COOL ***,the magnetic vector potential(MVP)method is performed during a plasma disruption event to get the eddy current *** last,a multi-step method is adopted for the calculation of the Lorentz force and the *** maximum Lorentz forces of inboard and outboard blanket structural components are 5624 kN and 2360 kN respectively.

关键词： CFETR COOL blanket finite element analysis electromagnetic analysis

Forward modelling of the Cotton-Mouton effect polarimetry on EAST tokamak

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Plasma science and technology 2024年第3期26卷 100-117页

作者：沈敏勇张际波张耀揭银先刘海庆谢锦林丁卫星 School of Nuclear science and technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People's Republic of China Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People's Republic of China

Measurement of plasma electron density by far-infrared laser polarimetry has become a routine and indispensable tool in magnetic confinement fusion *** article presents the design of a Cotton-Mouton polarimeter interferometer,which provides a reliable density measurement without fringe ***-Mouton effect on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST)is studied by Stokes equation with three parameters(s_(1),s_(2),s_(3)).It demonstrates that under the condition of a small Cotton-Mouton effect,parameter s_(2)contains information about Cotton-Mouton effect which is proportional to the line-integrated *** a typical EAST plasma,the magnitude of Cotton-Mouton effects is less than 2πfor laser wavelength of 432μ*** effect due to density gradient is calculated to be *** modulation of Stokes parameters(s_(2),s_(3))provides heterodyne *** to the instabilities arising from laser oscillation and beam refraction in plasmas,it is necessary for the system to be insensitive to variations in the amplitude of the detection ***,it is shown that non-equal amplitude of X-mode and O-mode within a certain range only affects the DC offset of Stokes parameters(s_(2),s_(3))but does not greatly influence the phase measurements of Cotton-Mouton effects.

关键词： EAST Cotton-Mouton effect polarimeter interferometer electron density measurement Stokes vector

Deciphering and integrating invariants for neural operator learning with various physical mechanisms

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National science Review 2024年第4期11卷 111-122页

作者： Rui Zhang Qi Meng Zhi-Ming Ma academy of Mathematics and Systems science Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Microsoft Research

Neural operators have been explored as surrogate models for simulating physical systems to overcome the limitations of traditional partial differential equation(PDE) solvers. However, most existing operator learning methods assume that the data originate from a single physical mechanism, limiting their applicability and performance in more realistic scenarios. To this end, we propose the physical invariant attention neural operator(PIANO) to decipher and integrate the physical invariants for operator learning from the PDE series with various physical mechanisms. PIANO employs self-supervised learning to extract physical knowledge and attention mechanisms to integrate them into dynamic convolutional *** to existing techniques, PIANO can reduce the relative error by 13.6%–82.2% on PDE forecasting tasks across varying coefficients, forces or boundary conditions. Additionally, varied downstream tasks reveal that the PI embeddings deciphered by PIANO align well with the underlying invariants in the PDE systems, verifying the physical significance of PIANO.

关键词： neural operator PDE solver contrastive learning physical invariants