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Glacier runoff variation and its influence on river runoff during 1961–2006 in the Tarim River Basin, China

Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第6期53卷 880-891页

作者： Xin Gao BaiSheng Ye ShiQiang Zhang ChengJun Qiao XiaoWen Zhang State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences CAREERI Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China The Resource Environment and Urban and Rural planning Department Lanzhou Commercial College Lanzhou China

Using monthly precipitation and temperature data from national meteorological stations, 90 m resolution DEM and a digital vector map of modern glaciers from the Chinese Glacier inventory, the glacier mass balance and glacier runoff in the Tarim River Basin (TRB), China, were estimated based on a monthly degree-day model for 1961–2006. The results suggest that the modified monthly degree-day model can simulate the long-term changes in glacier mass balance and glacier runoff, which have been confirmed by short-term observation data and other results in literatures. The characteristics and trends of mass balance and glacier runoff variation were analyzed. It was found that the mean annual glacier mass balance during 1961–2006 was ?139.2 mm per year and the cumulative mass balance over the 46 year period was ?6.4 m in the TRB. The glacier mass balance displayed a clear decreasing trend over the entire TRB during 1961–2006. The average annual glacier runoff in the TRB was 144.16×108 m3 for 1961–2006. The results also show that glacier runoff has increased in the last 46 years, especially since the 1990s with 85.7% of the increased river flow being derived from the increased glacier runoff caused by loss of ice mass. Over the entire TRB, glacier runoff accounts for 41.5% of the total river flow during 1961–2006. The impact of glacier runoff on river flow has increased in the TRB as a result of glacier shrinkage.

关键词： glacier mass balance degree-day model glacier runoff Tarim River Basin

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21世纪全球新建水库编目:丰度、热点区及总蓄水量

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Science Bulletin 2024年第14期69卷 2179-2182页

作者：范晨雨宋春桥 Jida Wang Yongwei Sheng 蔺亚玲苑春雨 Md Safat Sikder Jean-Francois Crétaux 刘凯陈探曾繁轩柯灵红 Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences Nanjing Institute of Geography and LimnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China University of Chinese academy of Sciences Nanjing(UCASNJ)Nanjing 211135China Department of Geography and Geographic Information Science University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignUrbana IL 61801USA Department of Geography and Geospatial Sciences Kansas State UniversityManhattan KS 66506USA Department of Geography University of CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90095USA Laboratoire d’Études en Géophysique et Océanographie Spatiales(LEGOS) CNES-IRD-CNRS-UT3Universitéde ToulouseToulouse 31401France College of Hydrology and Water Resources Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

Dams and reservoirs play an essential role in regulating and managing water *** the middle of the 20th century,the growing demand for water and hydropower has led to an unprecedented boom in reservoir construction worldwide[1,2].Meanwhile,reservoir construction has also resulted in a variety of ecological and socioeconomic impacts[3–5].Reservoirs transform natural flow regimes into conditions favored by human *** associated flow regulations,especially in reservoirs constructed in recent decades(e.g.,after 2000)with greater seasonal variability[6,7],represent a strong human-induced alteration of the hydrologic *** reservoir construction continues to boom in many parts of the world,an up-to-date and openaccess inventory of reservoirs worldwide remains critically desired.

关键词： reservoir reservoirs alteration

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Impacts of the meteorological condition versus emissions reduction on the PM_(2.5) concentration over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei during the COVID-19 lockdown

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2021年第4期14卷 38-44页

作者： Yanqing Zhang Zhaokun Ma Yi Gao Meigen Zhang State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Shandong academy for Environmental planning JinanChina

The impacts of the meteorological condition and emissions reduction on the aerosol concentration over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) region during the COVID-19 lockdown were analyzed by conducting three numerical experiments,including one with the meteorological field in 2019 and MEIC-2019(2019 monthly Multi-resolution Emissions inventory for China),one with the meteorological field in 2020 and MEIC-2019,and one with the meteorological field in 2020 and MEIC-2020,via a WRF-Chem *** numerical experiments were performed from 3 to 16 February in 2019 and in 2020,during which a severe fog-haze event(3-16 February 2020) occurred in the BTH region,with a simulated maximum daily PM2.5 of 245μg m-3 in Tangshan and 175μg m-3 in *** results indicate that the daily PM2.5 decreased by 5-150μg m-3 due to the emissions reduction and increased by 10-175 μg m-3 due to the meteorological condition in Beijing,Shijiazhuang,Cangzhou,Handan,Hengshui,Chengde,Zhangjiakou,and Tangshan from 7 to 14 *** the horizontal distribution,PM2.5 and different aerosol species concentrations from 7 to 14 February 2020 increased compared with those during the same period in 2019,indicating that the accumulation of pollutants caused by the unfavorable meteorological condition offset the decreases caused by the emissions reduction,leading to the high aerosol concentration during the COVID-19 lockdown.

关键词： PM_(2.5) WRF-Chem Meteorological condition Emissions reduction

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forest visualization at multiple scales for management and planning

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z1期49卷 27-34页

作者： David J.Mladenoff Department of forest Ecology and Management

In this study forests were visualized at various scales by placing individual trees into a forest with realistic sizes and densities. Tree images were used from two sources: high quality field photos and images created using graphic design software. The terrain, species composition, and tree sizes and density from forest inventory were all represented in GIS data format. In addition, non-tree objects and features that are essential for close-to-reality visualization were combined with the tree images in a 3-D visualization software package. We further portrayed stand level effects by animating a simulated fly-through of a forest. To visualize temporal change, a case study of four different forest patches was animated. The advantages of this approach comparing to other visualization approaches are: (1) it represents the forests with realistic individual tree images; and (2) it maintains both visual and informational realism in a forest viewable from within-stand to landscape scales. Thus, this approach is realistic in two aspects. First, it is almost as realistic as a photograph, and secondly, its information content is actual forest composition, density, and height.

关键词： 3-D, visualization, forest, landscape, multiple scales.

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Quantitative Classification and Ordination of Plant Communities in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2019年第4期10卷 389-396页

作者： WANG Tong WANG Jingsheng DING Yuke LIU Wenjing BAO Xiaoting LI Chao Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China forest inventory and planning Institute of Tibet Autonomous Region Lhasa 850000 China School of Environment and Natural Resources Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China

Based on vegetation survey data and environmental data of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, we conducted a quantitative ecological analysis of the vegetation community composition and the relationship between species and the environment in the study area. The results showed that 44 sampling sites and 68 plant species in the study area can be classified into seven subtypes: Artemisia minor + Stipa purpurea;Artemisia demissa + Stipa purpurea + Artemisia wellbyi;Kobresia pygmaea;Trikeraia hookeri;Sophora moorcroftiana + Cotoneaster multiflorus + Pennisetum centrasiaticum;Artemisia frigida;Potentilla fruticosa + Orinus thoroldii. Detrended correspondence analysis(DCA) indicated that both longitude and altitude play important roles in site and species distribution patterns. In addition, canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) revealed that in the upper and middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, changes in temperature and precipitation caused by longitude are the main factors controlling the formation and transition of vegetation community types. Moreover, natural vegetation could be divided into three types: desert steppe community(source area), alpine steppe community(middle reaches region), and shrub community(confluence of Yarlung Zangbo River and Nyangqu River).

关键词： upper and middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River plant community quantitative classification ordination

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中国森林防火形势分析

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林产工业 2018年第4期45卷 43-48页

作者：翟洪波魏晓霞赵鹏武陈亚南国家林业局亚太森林网络管理中心 academy of forest inventory and planning State Forestry Administration 内蒙古农业大学林学院 Beijing forestry University

2009年初到2016年底,我国森林防火公路、防火隔离带、瞭望塔等防火基础设施均有了不同程度的增长和改善;森林防火专业和半专业队伍已经覆盖全国99.96%的具有防火任务的县级单位;航空护林面积已达331.61万km^2;年均发生火灾比近20年(1988... 详细信息

2009年初到2016年底,我国森林防火公路、防火隔离带、瞭望塔等防火基础设施均有了不同程度的增长和改善;森林防火专业和半专业队伍已经覆盖全国99.96%的具有防火任务的县级单位;航空护林面积已达331.61万km^2;年均发生火灾比近20年(1988-2008坪均值下降37.3%;依法治火以及科学防火取得重要进展。笔者对我国森林防火发展所取得的成绩进行了总结,并对存在的不足与问题提出相关建议。

关键词：森林防火形势分析建议

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Description of a New Species of Amolops (Anura:Ranidae) from Tibet,China

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Asian Herpetological Research 2019年第4期10卷 219-229页

作者： Shuo QI Zhengyan ZHOU Zhitong LYU Yuyan LU Han WAN Mian HOU Keji GUO Pipeng LI Institute of herpetology Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyang 110034LiaoningChina The Museum of Biology School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275GuangdongChina College of Continuing(Online)Education Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068SichuanChina Central South inventory and planning Institute of National forestry and Grassland Administration Changsha 410014HunanChina

A new species,Amolops pallasitatus *** described based on specimens collected from Chentang Town,Dinggyê County,southern Tibet,*** new species can be distinguished from other known congeners by mitochondrial divergence and morphological characteristics including:(1)medium body size,SVL 70.6–72.3 mm in adult females;(2)skin smooth over the entire body;(3)absence of dorsolateral fold;(4)tympanum small,edge indistinct,less than half of eye diameter;(5)vomerine teeth in two short oblique;(6)circummarginal and transverse grooves absent on disk of the first finger;(7)presence of inner metacarpal tubercle;(8)toes fully webbed,webbing formula Ⅰ0-0^-Ⅱ0-1/2Ⅲ0-1^+Ⅳ1^+-0Ⅴ;(9)absence of outer metatarsal tubercle and tarsal glands;(10)tibiotarsal articulation of the hind limb reaches posterior corners of the eye;(11)dorsum yellow-green,with irregular dark brown blotches without margins;(12)blotches concentrated on the dorsum,less on the *** morphology,Amolops pallasitatus *** similar to *** and ***,the difference between them is length of hind limbs,web of toe and dorsal colour *** systematic placement of the new species within the genus is unresolved and it is not assigned to any recognized species group,for the lack of convictive evidences.

关键词： Amolops pallasitatus sp.nov. mitochondrial morphology unknown species group torrent frog

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The zoonotic and natural foci characteristics of SARS-CoV-2

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第1期3卷 51-55页

作者： Zhenjun Li Jiafu Jiang Xiangdong Ruan Yigang Tong Shuai Xu Lichao Han Jianguo Xu State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingPR China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingPR China academy of forest inventory and planning State Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijing 100714PR China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Life Science and TechnologyBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingPR China

The origin of SARS-CoV-2 is still an unresolved *** this study,we systematically reviewed the main research progress of wild animals carrying virus highly homologous to SARS-CoV-2 and analyzed the natural foci characteristics of *** complexity of SARS-CoV-2 origin in wild animals and the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 long-term existence in human populations are also *** joint investigation of corona virus carried by wildlife,as well as the ecology and patho-ecology of bats and other wildlife,are key measures to further clarify the characteristics of natural foci of SARS-CoV-2 and actively defend against future outbreaks of emerging zoonotic diseases.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Natural foci disease Zoonotic disease

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COVID-19 is a natural infectious disease

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Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2022年第1期4卷 38-42页

作者： Zhenjun Li Jiafu Jiang Yigang Tong Xiangdong Ruan Jianguo Xu State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingPR China State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and EpidemiologyBeijingPR China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering College of Life Science and TechnologyBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingPR China academy of forest inventory and planning State Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijing 100714PR China

Coronavirus disease 2019 is an infectious disease that has emerged naturally,not accidentally or ***,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is not a man-made or genetically modified *** genetic technology can only be used to produce infectious clones of a known ***,the RaTG13 genome sequence recovered from bats is the most closely related viral sequence to SARS-CoV-2;however,the corresponding RaTG13 virus is yet to be isolated or cultured in a ***,the so-called bat coronavirus RaTG13 could not have been used as a starting strain or“backbone”for genetic ***,it would be impossible to generate SARS-CoV-2 by inserting the furin cleavage site into the bat coron-avirus *** is critical for the prevention and control of SARS-CoV-2 to investigate the animal reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2,and this work is on *** the prospective of biosafety and biosecurity,outbreaks of infectious diseases can be classified into three types:natural,acci-dental,and deliberate.^(1,2) There is a large body of evidence that COVID-19 is caused by a natural *** has no characteristics of an accidental or deliberate infection.^(3)

关键词： acute respiratory infectious

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forest height mapping using inventory and multi-source satellite data over Hunan Province in southern China

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forest Ecosystems 2022年第1期9卷 57-70页

作者： Wenli Huang Wankun Min Jiaqi Ding Yingchun Liu Yang Hu Wenjian Ni Huanfeng Shen School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Wuhan UniversityHubei430079China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China academy of inventory and planning National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijing100714China School of Ecology and Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan750021China Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China Ningxia UniversityYinchuan750021China Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education Ningxia UniversityYinchuan750021China

Background:Accurate mapping of forest canopy heights at a fine spatial resolution over large geographical areas is *** is essential for the estimation of forest aboveground biomass and the evaluation of forest *** current regional to national scale forest height maps were mainly produced at *** maps lack spatial details for decision-making at local *** advances in remote sensing provide great opportunities to fill this ***:In this study,we evaluated the utility of multi-source satellite data for mapping forest heights over Hunan Province in China.A total of 523 plot data collected from 2017 to 2018 were utilized for calibration and validation of forest height ***,the relationships between three types of in-situ measured tree heights(maximum-,averaged-,and basal area-weighted-tree heights)and plot-level remote sensing metrics(multispectral,radar,and topo variables from Landsat,Sentinel-1/PALSAR-2,and SRTM)were *** types of models(multilinear regression,random forest,and support vector regression)were *** variables were selected by two types of variable selection approaches(stepwise regression and random forest).Model parameters and model performances for different models were tuned and evaluated via a 10-fold cross-validation ***,tuned models were applied to generate wall-to-wall forest height maps for Hunan ***:The best estimation of plot-level tree heights(R2 ranged from 0.47 to 0.52,RMSE ranged from 3.8 to 5.3 m,and rRMSE ranged from 28%to 31%)was achieved using the random forest model.A comparison with existing forest height maps showed similar estimates of mean height,however,the ranges varied under different definitions of forest and types of tree ***:Primary results indicate that there are small biases in estimated heights at the province *** study provides a framework toward establishing regional to national scale maps of

关键词： forest canopy height Hunan province Landsat ARD PALSAR-2 Sentinel-1

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