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Examination of Common Occupational Hazards among healthcare Workers in a University healthcare Center in Southeastern Nigeria

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health 2022年第8期14卷 833-852页

作者： David Chinaecherem Innocent Chiagoziem Ogazirilem Emerole Cosmas Nnadozie Ezejindu Ugonma Winnie Dozie Sophia Ifechidere Obani Anthony Chinonso Uwandu-Uzoma Chidozie Joachim Nwaokoro Mary Ulumma Udeh Stanley Chinedu Eneh Angelica Chinecherem Uwaezuoke Keside Marizu Iwuji Samson Adiaetok Udoewah Promise Nwanyinma Uzowuihe Vivian Chidimma Maduekwe Department of Public health Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Public health Abia State University Uturu Nigeria Department of Environmental Toxicology University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Nursing & healthcare Leadership Faculty of Health Studies University of Bradford West Yorkshire UK Department of Community health Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Environmental Management Federal University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria Department of Prosthetics and Orthotics Federal University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria

Background: healthcare workers are challenged by an imposing group of occupational hazards. These hazards include exposure to biological and non-biological hazards like ionizing radiation, stress, injury, infectious agents, and chemicals. The aim of this study was to assess common occupational hazards among health workers at the Department of health Services (DHS), Federal University of Technology, Owerri. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was employed for the study, and a self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The SPSS Version 22.0 software was used for the analysis of the descriptive statistics obtained from the study. This study included both clinical and non-clinical health workers. A purposive sampling technique was used in recruiting a total of 94 respondents who participated in the study from September 2020 to April 2021. Results: A total of 94 respondents who participated in the study and among the participants, 33.3% (31) of the respondents were aged 31 - 40 years, and the majority of the health workers, 43.6% (41) had stayed between 1 - 5 years. Also, 92.6% (87) of the health workers have heard of occupational hazards. The study showed that 84.0% (79) of health workers had good knowledge of common occupational hazards. Biological hazards among health workers are 47.9% (45) cuts and wounds, 29.8% (28) direct contact with contaminated specimens/hazardous materials, and 26.6% (26) sharp related injuries, while for non-biological hazards, 44.7% (42) have slipped, tripped or fallen, and 35.1% (33) have been stressed. Common safety measures include 86.2% (81) washing their hands regularly;78.7% (74) using hand gloves;and 85.1% (80) agreeing they use face masks. Conclusion: Despite good knowledge of occupational hazards, participants at DHS were faced with certain hazards. It is recommended that the university, government, and policymakers revise and implement actions to provide health workers at DHS with equipment to e

关键词： Hazards Occupational Hazards health Workers Knowledge Safety Risk

Impact of Plasmodium falciparum infection on some haematological parameters in a malaria endemic population, Southeastern Nigeria

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第12期5卷 547-549页

作者： Ozioma Prisca Irole-Eze Onyinye Mkpola Ukpai Ebube Charles Amaechi Blessing Uzoamaka Ejike Chidiogo Comfort Nwadike Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology MichaelOkpara University of AgricultureUmudikeAbia StateNigeria Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of IlorinIlorinKwara StateNigeria Department of Biology/Microbiology Abia State PolytechnicAba Abia StateNigeria Department of Zoology NnamdiAzikiwe UniversityAwkaAnambra StateNigeria

Objective: To compare changes in some haematological parameters among malaria positive and negative subjects in a malaria endemic community, Southeastern Nigeria. Methods: Haematological parameters of 443 subjects including 234 confirmed malaria infected and 209 non-malaria infected patients who attended various hospitals in selected communities of Ezinihite L.G.A, Southeastern Nigeria between January and June 2014 were evaluated. Results: Total white blood count and two of its differentials (lymphocytes and granulocytes), red blood cell and platelet counts were significantly lower among malaria-infected subjects compared to the non-infected subjects (P < 0.05) Conclusions: Haematological parameters of malaria infected subjects were significantly lower than that of uninfected individuals. This present research adds to the fact that haematological parameters is a good and reliable indicator for the early and prompt diagnosis of malaria in patients.

关键词： Haematological parameters Plasmodium falciparum Anaemia Southeastern Nigeria

Tuberculosis of the Spine (L5, S1) Secondary to Scrofuloderma with Viral Warts in a 15-Year-Old Male

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2018年第1期7卷 70-83页

作者： Akunnaya Chioma Ohanenye Nneka Chioma Okoronkwo Department of Paediatrics Abia State University Teaching Hospital Aba Nigeria

We report this case of a 15-year-old male who presented to the children outpatient clinic (CHOP) of abia state University Teaching Hospital (ABSUTH), Aba on the 5th of November 2015. He had tuberculosis (TB) of the skin (scrofuloderma) which was not diagnosed and had received treatment other than anti-TB medication. He now presented 9 years after with multiple body discharging sinuses, cicatricial skin lesions, tuberculosis of the spine (L5, S1) with contracture of the Achilles Tendon and genital warts. Subsequent treatment with full anti-TB drugs led to resolution of his illness. A higher index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB. Prompt and adequate treatment with anti-TB medication ensures cure in such cases. Appropriate control program is also known to improve the outcome and reduce sequelae.

关键词： Tuberculosis Spine Scrofuloderma Viral Warts Anti-TB Drugs ABSUTH

Toxicological Assessment of Irvingia gabonensis Leaf Extracts in Albino Rats: A Comparative Study between Aqueous and Ethanol Extraction Methods

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2023年第4期13卷 143-170页

作者： Stanley Chukwuma Okereke Valentine Chibuike Edom Caleb Joel Nwaogwugwu Chinomso Friday Aaron Ifegwu Prince Oko Iwuchukwu Bruno Obinna George Ugochukwu Ekechukwu Udochukwu Stanley Alugbuo Ugoaghalam Uche James Department of Biochemistry Abia State University Uturu Nigeria Department of Chemistry Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA Department of Computer Information System Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA

Background: This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Irvingia gabonensis leaf extracts in albino rats and investigate their effects on body weight, liver function parameters, and renal function parameters. The research specifically compared the outcomes of aqueous and ethanol extraction methods. Methods: Acute toxicity was evaluated by administering a single oral dose of Irvingia gabonensis leaf extracts to rats and monitoring them for 24 hours and during a 14-day observation period. Sub-acute toxicity was assessed through a 28-day administration of the leaf extract. Body weight changes, liver function parameters, and renal function parameters were measured and compared among treatment groups. Results: No signs of toxicity or mortality were observed in rats treated with Irvingia gabonensis leaf extracts obtained through either aqueous or ethanol extraction methods. The calculated lethal dose required to cause mortality in 50% of the tested animals (LD50) exceeded 5000 mg/kg body weight. Oral administration of the leaf extract at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight did not induce any observable signs of toxicity or adverse effects during the 28-day study period. Male and female albino rats treated with the leaf extract showed significant weight gains compared to the control group. Higher doses (800 mg/kg) of both aqueous and ethanol extracts led to increased levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin in male albino rats, with the ethanol extract exhibiting a more pronounced effect. The administration of the ethanol extract, particularly at the lower dose (400 mg/kg), resulted in decreased levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP), suggesting potential liver protective properties. Additionally, bilirubin levels, a marker of liver dysfunction, were significantly reduced in all treatment groups, with the lowest levels observed in the groups receiving higher doses of both aqueous and ethanol extracts. The administration of Irvingia gabonensis leaf e

关键词： Irvingia gabonensis Leaf LD50 Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicology Histopathology

Lymphoma in Two Siblings: A Plausible Case of Familial Lymphoma?

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2016年第5期5卷 176-179页

作者： O. Ejike C. Ohaneye Department of Paediatrics Abia State University Teaching Hospital Aba Nigeria

We repot two cases of lymphoma manifesting in siblings, one is Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and the other is Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in a nuclear family. Each presented a year apart. The patients were well and alive as at the time of this report and did not show any signs of the disease. There was no history of tuberculosis (TB) or contact with any one with TB. Other common lymphadenopathy associated conditions were excluded and histology of excised lymph nodes was confirmatory of the lymphomas. We were constrained by facilities on the demonstration of Ebstein Barr Viruses (EBV) or genetic associations. This is the first plausible case of reported familial lymphoma in Nigeria.

关键词： Lymphoma Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Familial Lymphoma

A techno-economic assessment for viability of some waste as cooling pads in evaporative cooling system

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第2期8卷 151-158页

作者： Macmanus C Ndukwu Seth I Manuwa Department of Agricultural and Bio Resources Engineering College of Engineering and Engineering TechnologyMichael Okpara University of Agriculture UmudikeP.M.B.7267 Umuahia Abia StateNigeria Department of Agricultural Engineering School of Engineering and Engineering Technology Federal University of Technology AkureP.M.B.704 AkureOndo StateNigeria

The viability of some waste as cooling pads for evaporative cooling application in South-Western Nigeria was experimentally *** is to ascertain their effectiveness as a substitute for costly imported pads in a low income *** presented was the feasibility of utilizing standalone evaporative coolers for storage and selling of fruits in South-Western *** ambient air was forced through the various pads at three different fan speeds and constant cooling pad thickness of 30 *** characteristics were considered based on daily analysis using temperature and humidity data measured from morning to evening at location co-ordinates latitude 7°10′N and longitude 5°05′E for 6 *** daily temperature T and humidity h ranged between 26℃≤T≤45℃ and 28%≤h_(2)≤80%.Temperature differenceDT and humidity differenceDh of 0.6℃≤ΔT≤18.3℃ and 1.0%≤Δh≤53%was achieved for the four cooling pad materials tested at three fan *** andDh was recorded at fan speed of 4 m/s with shredded latex foam and jute sack *** cooling efficiency(η)calculated for all the pads under the three speeds ranged from 17.3%≤η≤98.8%.Payback period(PBP)analysis indicated the considered EVC is economically feasible and investors will break even in 1.75 years.

关键词： evaporative cooling agricultural residues passive cooling cooling effectiveness cooling pads

Classical clinical signs in rats experimemtally infected with Trypanosoma brucei

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第2期 146-149页

作者： Nwoha Rosemary Ijeoma Ogechi Omamegbe Joseph Omolathebu Department of Veterinary Medicine Michael Okpara University of Agriculture UmudikeUmudikeAbia StateNigeria Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology Michael Okpara University of Agriculture UmudikeUmudikeAbia StateNigeria

Objective:To investigate clinical signs in Trypanosoma brucei infection in albino ***:Fourteen rats grouped into 2 with 7 rats in each group were used to determine classical clinical manifestation of Trypanosoma brucei infection in *** A rats were uninfected control and Group B rats were infected with Trypanosoma ***:Parasitaemia was recorded in Group B by(3.86±0.34)d and the peak of parasitaemia was observed at Day 5 post *** signs observed included squint eyes,raised whiskers,lethargy,no weight loss,pyrexia,isolation from the other rats,and starry hair ***:These signs could be diagnostic or aid in diagnosis of Trypanosoma brucei infection in rats.

关键词： Classical Trypanosomosis Clinical signs Trypanosoma brucei Rats

Changes in blood sugar levels of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei and treated with imidocarb dipropionate and diminazene aceturate

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第1期 21-23页

作者： Nwoha Rosemary Ijeoma Ogechi Omamegbe Joseph Omalathebu Department of Veterinary Medicine Michael Okpara University of Agriculture UmudikeUmudikeAbia StateNigeria Department of Surgery and Theriogenology Michael Okpara University of Agriculture UmudikeUmudikeAbia StateNigeria

Objective:To determine the effect of Trypanosoma brucei(***)on blood sugar level of infected ***:The experiment was done with 42 albino rats grouped into 3 groups of 14 members *** A was uninfected(control group),Group B was infected with *** and treated with diminazene aceturate,and Group C was infected with *** and treated with imidocarb *** samples were collected from the media canthus of the experimental rats on Days 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 for the assessment of change in blood sugar *** blood sugar levels were determined with a glucometer(Accu-chek active serial ***:10023338).Results:By 4 to 5 days post infection,there was a significant increase(P0.05)was observed in the groups when compared with the control group till Day 12 of the ***:*** caused a significant increase in blood sugar of infected rats.

关键词： Blood sugar Trypanosoma brucei Albino rats Imidocarb dipropionate Diminazene aceturate

Atypical Presentation of Cervical Pott’s Disease: A Case Report

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2021年第3期9卷 211-218页

作者： Emecheta G. Okwudire Ugonna M. Ezenwugo Johnpatrick U. Ugwoegbu Chika A. Okoro Ifeanyichukwu Isiozor Department of Radiology NSIA Umuahia Diagnostic Centre Umuahia Abia State Nigeria Department of Radiology Federal Medical Centre Owerri Imo State Nigeria Universal health Coverage Communicable Diseases Cluster World Health Organization Office Owerri Imo State Nigeria

Tuberculous spondylitis, also known as Pott’s disease, is due to infection of the spine by mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) leading to vertebral body and inter-vertebral disc destruction. It is the most common form of musculoskeletal tuberculosis most frequently affecting the thoracolumbar spine and is commoner in young people. Onset of this condition is insidious and its clinical presentation is non specific. However, Pott’s disease may be complicated by neurologic deficits includin

关键词： Tuberculosis Pott’s Disease Spine MRI Hemiplegia