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Apoptosis induced by nucleosides in the human hepatoma HepG2

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第40期11卷 6381-6384页

作者： Suh-Ching Yang Che-Lin Chiu Chi-Chang Huang Jiun-Rong Chen School of nutrition and Health Sciences

AIM： To investigate the apoptotic effects of nucleosides on the human hepatoma HepG2. METHODS： The nucleosides included inosine （I）, cytidine （C）, uridine （U）, thymidine （T）, adenosine （A）, and guanosine （G）. Cells were incubated by the mediums with or without nudeosides at 37 ℃ in a 50 mL/L CO2 humidified atmosphere. RESULTS： It was found that the cell viabilities were significantly decreased, when cells were treated with 30 mmol/L I, 30 mmol/L C, 30 mmol/L U, 30 mmol/L T, 0.5 mmol/L A, and 0.5 mmol/L G after 12 h incubation （P〈0.05）. About the apoptotic phenomenon, the cell percentages of sub-G1 cells were significantly increased in the mediums containing nucleosides such as C, U, T, A, and G （P〈0.05）. Furthermore, the caspase-3 activity was increased, when the cells were incubated with T （P〈0.05）. The protein expressions of p53 and p21 showed no difference in each group. To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis induced by nucleosides, it was found that the contents of soluble Fas ligand contents were increased in HepG2 cells following I, U, T, and A treatment （P〈0.05）. But, TNF-α and cytochrome cwere undetectable. CONCLUSION： Thymidine may induce the apoptosis in HepG2, but the effective dosages and reactive time must be investigated in the future study. However, the apoptosis-inducing abilities of other nucleosides were still unclear in this study.

关键词： Apoptosis Nucleoside, HepG2

Handgrip Strength as a Predictor of nutritional Status in Chinese Elderly Inpatients at Hospital Admission

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2017年第11期30卷 802-810页

作者： ZHANG Xin Sheng LIU Ying Hua ZHANG Yong XU Qing YU Xiao Ming YANG Xue Yan LIU Zhao LI Hui Zi LI Feng XUE Chang Yong Department of nutrition Chinese PLA General Hospital Department of nutrition Chinese PLA General Hospital of Rocket Forces

Objective To assess nutritional status and define gender-and age-specific handgrip strength（HGS） cut-point values for malnutrition or nutritional risk in elderly inpatients. Methods A cross-sectional study of 1,343 elderly inpatients was conducted in the Chinese PLA General Hospital. nutrition Risk Screening（NRS 2002） and Subjective Global Assessment（SGA） were administered. Anthropometric measurements and blood biochemical indicators were obtained using standard techniques. The gender-and age-specific receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curves were constructed to evaluate the HGS for nutritional status by SGA and NRS 2002. Sensitivity, specificity, and areas under the curves（AUCs） were calculated. Results According to NRS 2002 and SGA, 63.81% of elderly inpatients were at nutritional risk and 28.22% were malnourished. Patients with higher HGS had an independently decreased risk of malnutrition and nutritional risk. The AUCs varied between 0.670 and 0.761. According to NRS 2002, the optimal HGS cut-points were 27.5 kg（65-74 years） and 21.0 kg（75-90 years） for men and 17.0 kg（65-74 years） and 14.6 kg（75-90 years） for women. According to SGA, the optimal HGS cut-points were 24.9 kg（65-74 years） and 20.8 kg（75-90 years） for men and 15.2 kg（65-74 years） and 13.5 kg（75-90 years） for women. Conclusion Elderly inpatients had increased incidence of malnutrition or nutritional risk. HGS cut-points can be used for assessing nutritional status in elderly inpatients at hospital admission in China.

关键词： Handgrip strength Elderly inpatients nutrition assessment nutrition status Malnutrition

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Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1450-1467页

作者： Yuxin Qin Nenad Naumovski Chaminda Senaka Ranadheera Nathan M.D'Cunha School of Agriculture and Food Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria3010Australia Discipline of nutrition and Dietetics School of Rehabilitation and Exercise SciencesFaculty of HealthUniversity of CanberraBruceACT2601Australia Functional Foods and nutrition Research (FFNR) Laboratory University of CanberraNgunnawal CountryACT2617Australia Department of nutrition and Dietetics School of Health Science and EducationHarokopio University17671AthensGreece

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas ) thrives in a wide range of climates and is high in fibre, vitamins and minerals. There is increasing evidence that sweet potato consumption can positively affect human health. This systematic review aimed to summarise nutritional-related health outcomes of sweet potato intake among healthy people and people with chronic diseases by reviewing human intervention trials. A total of 22 articles met the inclusion criteria, which examined the effects of sweet potato on vitamin A intakes and status (n = 8), glycemic markers and anthropometric parameters (n = 6), hepatic biomarkers (n = 3) and blood pressure (n = 1), iron absorption (n = 1), constipation (n = 1), nitrogen balance (n = 1), and sex hormones (n = 1). In the included studies, sweet potato consumption appears to improve vitamin A status, blood glucose levels, blood pressure, iron absorption, constipation, liver function and nitrogen balance. However, the evidence base is limited and future research in long-term, well-designed, randomised controlled trials are needed to establish cause-and-effect relationships with these health effects of sweet potato consumption. The functional properties of the bioactive compounds in sweet potatoes require further investigation to establish their ability to manage chronic disease when consumed in high amounts.

关键词： Sweet potato Ipomoea batatas Vitamin A Blood glucose Blood pressure Systematic review

Fortification Challenges and Needs

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 98-103页

作者： RODOLFO F. FLORENTINO President Philippine Association of Nutrition Philippines

Experience in many parts of the developing world has shown that food fortification offers a cost_effective and sustainable solution to the problem of micronutrient malnutrition. Building on the advances in science and technology and backed by studies on the economic benefits of fortification programs, governments and industry are beginning to respond positively to the call of nutrition advocates to adopt fortification as a long_term strategy. On the other hand, formidable challenges still remain in many countries in Asia, constraining the widespread adoption of this strategy. The science and technology community needs to provide adequate scientific and technological information as basis for planning and decision making. The government faces the challenge of providing the enabling environment for all stakeholders to cooperate in the fortification effort. Industry faces the challenge of adapting its production system to the requirements of fortification in order that they can contribute to social objectives while pursuing their economic objectives. The international and bilateral aid agencies need to seek tried and innovative ways to support the multiple players of food fortification, as these players in turn face the challenges that confront them.

关键词： science and technology production system economic benefits decision making in order

Energy Balance and Physical Activity

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 130-136页

作者： KALLAYA KIJBOONCHOO Institute of nutrition and Faculty of Graduate Studies

The prevalence of obesity is increasing in most parts of the world and becoming one of the major global public health problems. Although the components of energy balance have not been adequately estimated over time, available evidence suggests that the increase in obesity is the result of reduced physical activity.\;Increases in physical activity have been shown to be strongly associated with improving physical fitness and body composition, with probably a positive effect on resting metabolic rate. The Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity and Health advocates that 30 min of regular, moderate_intensity physical activity is associated with decreases in the risk of chronic diseases and may contribute to quality of life. However, the small changes that contribute 10 min for 3 times a day for aerobic training, or one set instead of three sets of repetitions on resistance training will provide individuals with health benefits. Indeed, nutrition and physical activity should be considered an integral part of fitness and good health, and should be encouraged in all age groups, particularly early in life. The question is no longer centered around the health benefit of increasing physical activity, but rather creating self awareness and behavior changes in individuals. Hence, effective intervention programs are needed that foster long term changes in physical activity. Among various interventions, the Nutrifit program was recently conducted in Thailand and found to improve health related fitness in children. The development of more effective interventions and approaches is a major challenge in this field today.

关键词： physical activity physical fitness body composition quality of life positive effect energy balance public health instead of age groups sets of

Tracking New Challenges of nutrition Transition and Developing Specific Strategies to Promote Healthy China

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China CDC weekly 2021年第9期3卷 179-180页

作者： Gangqiang Ding National Institute for nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

With the rapid development of socioeconomy,urbanization and population aging,China has been experiencing the nutrition transition characterized as a double burden of undernutrition and over-nutrition(1-2).Actively responding to the challenges,the Chinese government has released a series of national nutrition and health policies during the past five years,such as the Healthy China 2030 Blueprint,Healthy China Initiative(2019-2030),and National nutrition Plan(2017-2030),in the context of comprehensive implementation of the National Strategy for Healthy China(3-5).

关键词： Transition nutrition Healthy

The Role of nutrition Education in the Promotion of Iron-Fortified Soy Sauce in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期29卷 840-847页

作者： WEI Yan Li HUO Jun Sheng SUN Jing LIU Hui DING Gang Qiang ZHANG Rong Hua LUO Jin Bin LU Zhen Xin CHEN Jun Shi National Institute for nutrition and Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hangzhou 310051ZhejiangChina Jinhua City Center for Disease Control and Prevention Jinhua 330700ZhejiangChina Global Alliance for Improved nutrition Geneva 1209Switzerland

Iron deficiency anemia （IDA） is one of the most important nutrition issues in China. Data from the 2002 National nutrition and Health Survey showed that the average anemia prevalence in China was 20.1% and the prevalence in women of child-bearing age and of children in some poor regions reached more than 50%; it has been estimated that more than 200 million Chinese people are suffering from anemia. Anemia significantly affects physical and mental development in children, decreases productivity in adults, and reduces immune function among the population at large, which leads to a lower health status and limits social development.

关键词： The Role of nutrition Education in the Promotion of Iron-Fortified Soy Sauce in China

Next-generation probiotic candidates targeting intestinal health in weaned piglets: Both live and heat-killed Akkermansia muciniphila prevent pathological changes induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in the gut

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Animal nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 110-122页

作者： Cong Lan Hua Li Yuqing Shen Yang Liu Aimin Wu Jun He Jingyi Cai Gang Tian Xiangbing Mao Zhiqing Huang Bing Yu Ping Zheng Jie Yu Junqiu Luo Hui Yan Yuheng Luo Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance nutrition of Ministry of Education of China Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture of ChinaKey Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan ProvinceEngineering Research Center of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition Biotechnology of Ministry of Education of ChinaAnimal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural University

The use of next-generation probiotics （NGP） in pigs for combating diseases has been subject to limited *** we explored the potential of a well-known NGP candidate Akkermansia muciniphila targeting pig gut *** the first screening experiment,we found that the abundance of *** peaked at 14 d old but decreased at weaning （21 d old;P<0.05）,suggesting the weaning period may be an effective window for *** *** that,48 crossbred weaned pigs at 28 d old were randomly assigned to five groups:control （CON）,high/low live *** （HA/LA）,and high/low heatkilled *** （HIA/LIA）.From 1 to 28 d old,the CON group received gastric infusion of anaerobic sterile saline every other day;the HA and LA groups were gavaged every other day with 1×1010CFU/5 m L and 5×10～8CFU/5 mL live ***,respectively;and the HIA and LIA groups were gavaged every other day with 1×1010CFU/5 mL and 5×10～8CFU/5 mL heat-killed ***,*** d 29,pigs in the CON group were randomly and equally divided into two groups,one of which was named the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli （ETEC） group,and all groups except CON received a 5-d ETEC *** supplementation of *** numerically reduced the diarrhea rate of weaned pigs compared to the pigs that only received the ETEC challenge （P=0.57）,but the LIA group had a higher diarrhea rate than the CON group （P<0.05）.Consistent with this,the supplementation of *** improved the small intestinal morphology and structure,proportion of CD4+T lymphocytes in the blood,as well as the expression of genes related to intestinal barrier and antioxidant indices of pigs with ETEC challenge,especially for the LA group （P<0.05）.Meanwhile,*** supplementation reduced the expression of ETEC virulence factor genes in the ileum and colon of pigs challenged by ETEC （P<0.05）.Therefore,*** may protect the intestinal health of weaned piglets from damage caused by

关键词： Akkermansia muciniphila Weaned piglet Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli challenge Intestinal health

Effects of maternal methyl donor intake during pregnancy on ileum methylation and function in an intrauterine growth restriction pig model

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1173-1189页

作者： Yan Lin Jiangnan Wu Yong Zhuo Bin Feng Zhengfeng Fang Shengyu Xu Jian Li Hua Zhao De Wu Lun Hua Lianqiang Che Key Laboratory of Animal Disease‑Resistance nutrition Animal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Background Intrauterine growth retardation(IUGR)affects intestinal growth,morphology,and function,which leads to poor growth performance and high *** present study explored whether maternal dietary methyl donor(MET)supplementation alleviates IUGR and enhances offspring’s growth performance by improving intestinal growth,function,and DNA methylation of the ileum in a porcine IUGR *** Forty multiparous sows were allocated to the control or MET diet groups from mating until *** farrowing,8 pairs of IUGR and normal birth weight piglets from 8 litters were selected for sampling before suckling *** The results showed that maternal MET supplementation tended to decrease the IUGR incidence and increased the average weaning weight of ***,maternal MET supplementation significantly reduced the plasma concentrations of isoleucine,cysteine,urea,and total amino acids in sows and newborn *** also increased lactase and sucrase activity in the jejunum of newborn *** addition resulted in lower ileal methionine synthase activity and increased betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity in the ileum of newborn *** methylation analysis of the ileum showed that MET supplementation increased the methyla-tion level of DNA CpG sites in the ileum of newborn ***-regulated differentially methylated genes were enriched in folic acid binding,insulin receptor signaling pathway,and endothelial cell *** contrast,up-regulated methylated genes were enriched in growth hormone receptor signaling pathway and nitric oxide biosyn-thetic *** Maternal MET supplementation can reduce the incidence of IUGR and increase the weaning litter weight of piglets,which may be associated with better intestinal function and methylation status.

关键词： Ileum Intrauterine growth restriction Methyl donor Methylation Sows