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Design-unbiased stereological estimation of neuronalminicolumnarity,neuronaldirection and neuronal shape

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Design-unbiased stereological estimation of neuronalminicolu...

On the LSP3 estimates of surface gravity for LAMOST-Kepler stars with asteroseismic measurements

第十四届中国体视学与图像分析学术会议

作者： Jens Randel Nyengaard Stereology and Electron Microscopy Laboratory MIND Centre and Centre for Stochastic Geometry and Advanced BioimagingAarhus University

The vertical organization of neurons in cerebral cortex of the human brain and its association with neurological and psychiatric diseases has been discussed for *** have tried to identify minicolumnarity in 140-μm-thick glycolmethacrylate sections from the cerebral cortex in autopsy brains using classical functional summary statistics as well as a newly developed statistical *** the latter could in 3 out of 4 samples show non-random patterns

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2016年第3期16卷 81-90页

作者： Juan-Juan Ren Xiao-Wei Liu Mao-Sheng Xiang Yang Huang Saskia Hekker Chun Wang Hai-Bo Yuan Alberto Rebassa-Mansergas Bing-Qiu Chen Ning-Chen Sun Hua-Wei Zhang Zhi-Ying Huo Wei Zhang Yong Zhang Yong-Hui Hou Yue-Fei Wang Department of Astronomy Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Max-Planck-Institut fiir Sonnensystemforschung Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 337077 GottingenGermany Stellar Astrophysics centre Department of Physics and AstronomyAarhus UniversityNy Munkegade 1208000 Aarhus CDenmark Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210042China

Asteroseismology allows for deriving precise values of the surface gravity of stars. The accurate asteroseismic determinations now available for the large number of stars in the Kepler fields can be used to check and calibrate surface gravities that are currently being obtained spectroscopically for a huge number of stars targeted by large-scale spectroscopic surveys, such as the on-going Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope （LAMOST） Galactic survey. The LAMOST spectral surveys have obtained a large number of stellar spectra in the Kepler fields. Stellar atmospheric parameters of those stars have been determined with the LAMOST Stellar Parameter Pipeline at Peking university （LSP3）, by template matching with the MILES empirical spectral library. In the current work, we compare surface gravities yielded by LSP3 with those of two asteroseismic samples-- the largest Kepler asteroseismic sample and the most accurate Kepler asteroseismic sample. We find that LSP3 surface gravities are in good agreement with asteroseismic values of Hekker et al., with a dispersion of -0.2 dex. Except for a few cases, asteroseismic surface gravities ofHuber et al. and LSP3 spectroscopic values agree for a wide range of surface gravities. However, some patterns in the differences can be identified upon close inspection. Potential ways to further improve the LSP3 spectroscopic estimation of stellar atmospheric parameters in the near future are briefly discussed. The effects of effective temperature and metallicity on asteroseismic determinations of surface gravities for giant stars are also discussed.

关键词： methods: data analysis -- stars: fundamental parameters -- stars: spectroscopic -- stars general -- stars: oscillations

Predation pressure in maize across Europe and in Argentina: an intercontinental comparison

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 545-554页

作者： Marco Ferrante Gabor L. Lovei Serena Magagnoli Lenka Minarcikova Elena Larisa Tomescu Giovanni Burgio Ludovit Cagan Mihael Cristin Ichim Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Flakkebjerg Research Centre Forgssvej 1 DK4200 Slagelse Denmark Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Area Entomologia Universita di Bologna Bologna Italy Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources Slovak Agricultural University Tr. A. Hlinku 2 SK-949 76 Nitra Slovakia ANIRDBS/"Stejarul" Research centre for Biological Sciences 6 Alexandru cel Bun St. Piatra Neamt 610004 Romania

Humankind draws important benefits from large-scale ecological processes termed ecosystem services, yet the status of several of them is declining. Reliable monitoring methods are essential for tracking the status of ecosystem services. Predation is the mainstay of natural pest control, a key ecosystem service. We used green plasticine caterpillars to monitor predation pressure, and to obtain baseline data on predator activity in transgenic Bt versus non-Bt maize fields in Old and New World countries. Predation pressure was measured at ground and canopy levels using an identical, small-plot experimental design in four European countries (Denmark, Slovakia, Romania and Italy) and Argentina. Total predation rate in maize was l l.7%d^-1 (min. 7.2%d^-1 in Argentina, max. 29.0%d^-1 in Romania). Artificial caterpillars were attacked both by invertebrates (mostly chewing insects with 42.0% of the attack marks, and ants with 7.1%, but also predatory and parasitoid wasps, spiders and slugs), and vertebrates (small mammals 25.5%, and birds 20.2%). Total predation at ground level (15.7%d^-1) was significantly higher than in maize canopies (6.0%d^-1) in all countries, except Argentina. We found no significant differences between predator pressure in Bt versus non-Bt maize plots. The artificial caterpillar method provided comparable, quantitative data on predation intensity, and proved to be suitable for monitoring natural pest control. This method usefully expands the existing toolkit by directly measuring ecological function rather than structure.

关键词： artificial caterpillars ecosystem services mortality sentinel prey transgenic plants

Polymorphisms in NF-κB,PXR,LXR,PPARγ and risk of inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第2期17卷 197-206页

作者： Vibeke Andersen Jane Christensen Anja Ernst Bent A Jacobsen Anne Tjφnneland Henrik B Krarup Ulla Vogel Department of Medical Viborg Regional Hospital Institute of Cancer Epidemiology Danish Cancer Society Department of Clinical Biochemistry Aarhus University Hospital Department of Medical Gastroenterology Aarhus University Hospital National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark Institute for Science Systems and ModelsUniversity of Roskilde National Research centre for the Working Environment

AIM:To investigate the contribution of polymorphisms in nuclear receptors to risk of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) . METHODS:Genotypes of nuclear factor(NF) -κB(NFKB1) NFκB-94ins/del(rs28362491) ;peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor(PPAR) -γ(PPARγ) PPARγPro12Ala(rs1801282) and C1431T(rs 3856806) ;pregnane X receptor(PXR) (NR1I2) PXR A-24381C(rs1523127) ,C8055T(2276707) ,and A7635G(rs 6785049) ;and liver X receptor(LXR) (NR1H2) LXR T-rs1405655-C and T-rs2695121-C were assessed in a Danish case-control study of 327 Crohn's disease patients,495 ulcerative colitis(UC) patients,and 779 healthy *** ratio(OR) and 95%CI were estimated by logistic regression models. RESULTS:The PXR A7635G variant,the PPARγPro12Ala and LXR T-rs2695121-C homozygous variant genotypes were associated with risk of UC(OR:1.31,95% CI:1.03-1.66,P=0.03,OR:2.30,95%CI:1.04-5.08,P=0.04,and OR:1.41,95%CI:1.00-1.98,P=0.05,respectively) compared to the corresponding homozygous wild-type *** never smokers,PXR A7635G and the LXR T-rs1405655-C and T-rs2695121-C variant genotypes were associated with risk of IBD(OR:1.41,95%CI:1.05-1.91,P=0.02,OR:1.63,95%CI:1.21-2.20,P=0.001,and OR:2.02,95%CI:1.36-2.99,P=0.0005,respectively) compared to the respective homozygous variant *** A7635G(rs6785049) variant genotype was associated with a higher risk of UC diagnosis before the age of 40 years and with a higher risk of extensive disease(OR:1.34,95%CI:1.03-1.75 and OR:2.49,95%CI:1.24-5.03,respectively) . CONCLUSION:Common PXR and LXR polymorphisms may contribute to risk of IBD,especially among never smokers.

关键词： Crohn's disease Genetic susceptibility Single nucleotide polymorphisms Smoking status Transcription factors Ulcerative colitis

Thoughts of a Travelling Ecologist,5 When the "worst case" is not bad enough

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生物安全学报 2013年第2期22卷 71-73页

作者： Gábor L. LVEI Institute of Applied Ecology Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University aarhus university Faculty of Science & TechnologyFlakkebjerg Research Centre

The condition of our Earth is changing,and it ischanging due to human *** realised thatour influence on biota is overwhelming,building up toa mass extinction,the sixth in the history of life *** later this realisation is turned into action todecrease our fatal influence,the worse are the chancesof the survival of the human *** can we fail?Oneplausible scenario is that this can happen via the loss ofecological

关键词：生态学家旅行生态系统服务发生变化生态服务生物群地球灭绝

Evaluation of growth and reproduction as indicators of soil metal toxicity to the Collembolan, Sinella curviseta

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Insect Science 2009年第1期16卷 57-63页

作者： Jie Xu Xin Ke Paul Henning Krogh Yin Wang Yong-Ming Luo Jing Song Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Department of Terrestrial Ecology National Environmental Research Institute University of Aarhus Vejlsevej 25 DK-8600 Silkeborg Denmark Soil and Environment Bioremediation Research centre Institute of Soil Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

Laboratory studies evaluated the sensitivity of Sinella curviseta Brook （Collembola： Entomobryidae） to selected heavy metals （Cu, Pb and Zn）. Survival, reproduction and growth of S. curviseta were determined in a 4-week exposure test in an agricultural soil amended with metals to concentrations of 100, 200, 400, 800, 1 600 and 3 200 mg/kg. Results showed reduction in adult survival and reproductive failure at the highest concentrations （3 200 mg/kg） of Cu and Zn. EC50reproduction values for Cu and Zn were approximately 442 and 2 760 mg/kg, respectively. Application of Pb at all levels resulted in large numbers of progeny and no significant mortality compared to controls. Adult growth rate decreased for all metal treatments compared to the controls, suggesting that metals affect S. curviseta metabolism and result in slower growth. We showed that reproduction is a slightly more sensitive parameter than growth. Since a growth test needs fewer juveniles and takes less time than a reproduction test, we conclude that the two parameters are complementary and could be used for a better ecotoxicological evaluation of contaminant levels. However, relative growth and reproduction sensitivities should be tested with more chemicals before a growth test is accepted as a faster sublethal test than a reproduction test.

关键词： Collembolan copper growth lead reproduction Sinella curviseta soil pollution toxicity testing zinc

Can the growing of transgenic maize threaten protected Lepidoptera in Europe?

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Insect Science 2021年第4期28卷 1159-1168页

作者： Gábor L.Lövei Andreas Lang Marco Ferrante Victor Bacle Department of Agroecology Aarhus UniversitySlagelseDenmark Institute of Applied Ecology Fujian Agricultural and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina Buro Lang Zell im WiesentalGermany Department of Environmental Geosciences University of BaselBaselSwitzerland centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental ChangesAzorean Biodiversity GroupFaculty of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesUniversity of the AzoresAngra do HeroismoPortugal La Painerie Preaux du PerchePerche en NoceFrance

We evaluated whether protected European butterflies can potentially be at risk if transgenic maize is extensively grown in Central *** explored potential consequences of both insect resistant(IR)and herbicide resistant(HR)transgenic *** maize can produce pollen that is toxic to lepidopteran larvae,and this puts butterfly species at possible risk if the presence of young larvae coincides with maize flowering,during which large quantities of maize pollen can be deposited on *** considering the timing of maize flowering in Europe and the phenology of the protected Lepidoptera species,we found that 31 species had at least one generation where 50%of the larval stage overlapped with maize flowering,and 69 species for which first instar larvae were present during maize pollen *** maize allows high concentration herbicide treatments on fields without seasonal limitation,which can drastically reduce weed *** cases where such weed species are host plants for protected butterflies,reduced host plant/food availability can result,causing population *** using published information,we first identified the important weed species in major maize-growing European ***,we checked whether the host plants of protected Lepidoptera included species that are common maize *** identified 140 protected species having food plants that are common weeds in one or more of the major European maize-growing *** HR maize is grown in Europe,there is a potential hazard that their food plants will seriously decline,causing a subsequent decline of these protected species.

关键词： butterflies conservation environmental risk food plants GM crop pollen toxicity

Thoughts of a travelling ecologist,7 In memoriam Tibor Jermy

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生物安全学报 2014年第3期23卷 139-141页

作者： Gábor L.LVEI Institute of Applied Ecology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina Department of Agroecology Aarhus UniversityFlakkebjerg Research Centre

My former colleague,Tibor Jermy,Hungarian entomologist,died recently,at the age of *** was the Director at the Plant Protection Institute in Hungary when I started my research career-many years ago-as a young *** same year,having reached retirement age,he gladly resigned from the directorship and returned to the workbench,to continue a productive research career for another ca.30 years,before he had to give up work in the laboratory,due to his decli-

关键词：昆虫学家植物保护身体状况匈牙利研究生研究所科学家工作台

Thoughts of a Travelling Ecologist,6 On monitoring

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生物安全学报 2014年第1期23卷 1-3页

作者： Gbor L.LVEI Institute of Applied Ecology Fujian Agricultural and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina aarhus university Department of AgroecologyFlakkebjerg Research Centre

***,ecologists,hear the word nearly every *** the most unexpected corners this word springs out,much used and *** one hand,it is often used by my peers to justify their work,their project or even their existence as **... 详细信息

关键词：生态学家监测旅行科学家