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Molecular plant 2021年第5期14卷 701-704页

作者： Brad Sherman Robert J.Henry arc centre of excellence for plant success in nature and agriculture BrisbaneQLD 4072Australia arc centre of excellence for Synthetic Biology University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

CHALLENGES TO EXiSTING LEGAL SCHEMES Over the last 40 years or so,a complex web of international legal agreements was developed that regulate the access,transfer,and use of plant genetic *** include the Convention on ... 详细信息

关键词： Access Figure legal

Wild rice research: Advancing plant science and food security

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Molecular plant 2022年第4期15卷 563-565页

作者： Robert J.Henry Queensland Alliance for agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia arc centre of excellence for plant success in nature and agriculture University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

Rice was domesticated in Asia(Oryza sativa)and Africa(Oryza glaberrima)from Oryza rufipogon and Oryza bathii,*** Oryza genus has a pantropical *** genetic diversity in Oryza provides an extensive gene pool to adapt rice to climate change and address future food *** primary gene pool of domesticated rice includes species that are readily accessible for rice breeding due to ease of crossing,while more distant species are also sources of useful genes that can be recovered with greater difficulty(Figure 1).Advances in genomics and gene editing provide a path for use of this wider *** of Oryza species also offer potential insights into rice biology that may be critical for ongoing rice food security.

关键词： sativa Oryza breeding

Haplotype resolved chromosome level genome assembly of Citrus australis reveals disease resistance and other citrus specific genes

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Horticulture Research 2023年第5期10卷 193-206页

作者： Upuli Nakandala Ardashir Kharabian Masouleh Malcolm WSmith Agnelo Furtado Patrick Mason Lena Constantin Robert J.Henry Queensland Alliance for agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia arc centre of excellence for plant success in nature and agriculture University of QueenslandBrisbane 4072Australia Department of agriculture and Fisheries Bundaberg Research StationBundabergQueensland 4670Australia

Recent advances in genome sequencing and assembly techniques have made it possible to achieve chromosome level reference genomes for *** few genomes have been anchored at the chromosome level and/or are haplotype phased,with the available genomes of varying accuracy and *** now report a phased high-quality chromosome level genome assembly for an Australian native citrus species;Citrus australis(round lime)using highly accurate PacBio HiFi long reads,complemented with Hi-C *** with Hi-C integrated assembly resulted in a 331 Mb genome of *** with two haplotypes of nine pseudochromosomes with an N50 of 36.3 Mb and 98.8% genome assembly completeness(BUSCO).Repeat analysis showed that more than 50% of the genome contained interspersed *** them,LTR elements were the predominant type(21.0%),of which LTR Gypsy(9.8%)and LTR copia(7.7%)elements were the most abundant repeats.A total of 29464 genes and 32009 transcripts were identified in the *** these,28222 CDS(25753 genes)had BLAST hits and 21401 CDS(75.8%)were annotated with at least one GO *** specific genes for antimicrobial peptides,defense,volatile compounds and acidity regulation were *** synteny analysis showed conserved regions between the two haplotypes with some structural variations in Chromosomes 2,4,7 and *** chromosome scale,and haplotype resolved *** genome will facilitate the study of important genes for citrus breeding and will also allow the enhanced definition of the evolutionary relationships between wild and domesticated citrus species.

关键词： citrus Citrus breeding

Classical Ethylene Insensitive Mutants of the Arabidopsis EIN2 Orthologue Lack the Expected‘hypernodulation’ Response in Lotus japonicus

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2013年第4期55卷 395-408页

作者： Pick Kuen Chan Bandana Biswas Peter M. Gresshoff Australian Research Council (arc) centre of excellence for Integrative Legume Research The University of Queensland arc centre of excellence for Integrative Legume Research and School of agriculture and Food Sciences The University of Queensland

Three independent ethylene insensitive mutants were selected from an EMS- mutagenized population of Lotus japonicus MG-20 （Miyakojima）. The mutants, called ＇Enigma＇, were mutated in the LjEIN2a gene from Lotus chromosome 1, sharing significant homology with Arabidopsis EIN2 （ethylene-insensitive2）. All three alleles showed classical ethylene insensitivity phenotypes （e.g., Triple Response）, but lacked the increased nodulation phenotype commonly associated with ethylene insensitivity. Indeed, all showed a marginal reduction in nodule number per plant, a phenotype that is enigmatic to sickle, an ethylene- insensitive EIN2 mutant in Medicago truncatula. In contrast to wild type, but similar to an ETRI-1 ethylene ethylene-insensitive transgenic of L. japonicus, enigma mutants formed nodules in between the protoxylem poles, demonstrating the influence of ethylene on radial positioning. Suppression of nodule numbers by nitrate and colonisation by mycorrhizal fungi in the enigma-1 mutant were indistin- guishable from the wild-type MG-20. However, reflecting endogenous ethylene feedback, the enigma-1 mutant released more than twice the wild-type amount of ethylene, enigma-1 had a moderate reduction in growth, greater root mass （and lateral root formation）, delayed flowering and ripening, smaller pods and seeds. Expression analysis of ethylene-regulated genes, such as ETR1, NRL1 （neverripe-like 1）, and ElL3 in shoots and roots of enigma-1 and MG-20 illustrated that the ethylene-insensitive mutation strongly affected transcriptional responses in the root. These mutants open the possibility that EIN2 in L. japonicus, a determinate nodulating legume, acts in a more complex fashion possibly through the presence of a duplicated copy of LjEIN2.

关键词： ABA development ethylene legume nodulation symbiosis.

Crop adaptation to climate change:An evolutionary perspective

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Molecular plant 2023年第10期16卷 1518-1546页

作者： Lexuan Gao Michael B.Kantar Dylan Moxley Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos Loren H.Rieseberg CAS Center for excellence in Molecular plant Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Department of Tropical plant&Soil Sciences University of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHIUSA Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research centre University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada School of Biological Sciences and Australian Research Council centre of excellence for plant success in nature and agriculture The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia

The disciplines of evolutionary biology and plant and animal breeding have been intertwined throughout their development,with responses to artificial selection yielding insights into the action of natural selection and evolutionary biology providing statistical and conceptual guidance for modern *** we offer an evolutionary perspective on a grand challenge of the 21st century:feeding humanity in the face of climate *** first highlight promising strategies currently under way to adapt crops to current and future climate *** include methods to match crop varieties with current and predicted environments and to optimize breeding goals,management practices,and crop microbiomes to enhance yield and sustainable *** also describe the promise of crop wild relatives and recent technological innovations such as speed breeding,genomic selection,and genome editing for improving environmental resilience of existing crop varieties or for developing new ***,we discuss how methods and theory from evolutionary biology can enhance these existing strategies and suggest novel *** focus initially on methods for reconstructing the evolutionary history of crops and their pests and symbionts,because such historical information provides an overall framework for crop-improvement *** then describe how evolutionary approaches can be used to detect and mitigate the accumulation of deleterious mutations in crop genomes,identify alleles and mutations that underlie adaptation(and maladaptation)to agricultural environments,mitigate evolutionary trade-offs,and improve critical *** feedback between the evolution and crop biology communities will ensure optimal design of strategies for adapting crops to climate change.

关键词： abiotic stress resistance climate change crop adaptation Darwinian agriculture evolutionary biology plant breeding

Method for hull-less barley transformation and manipulation of grain mixed-linkage beta-glucan

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2018年第5期60卷 382-396页

作者： Wai Li Lim Helen M. Collins Rohan R. Singh Natalie A. J. Kibble Kuok Yap Jillian Taylor Geoffrey B. Fincher Rachel A. Burton arc centre of excellence in plant Cell Walls School of Agriculture Food and Wine University of Adelaide Waite Campus Glen Osmond SouthAustralia 5064 Australia Institute for Molecular Bioscience The University of Queensland，4072，Australia

Hull-less barley is increasingly offering scope for breeding grains with improved characteristics for human nutrition; however, recalcitrance of hull-less cultivars to transformation has limited the use of these varieties. To overcome this limitation, we sought to develop an effective transformation system for hull-less barley using the cultivar Torrens. Torrens yielded a transformation efficiency of 1.8%, using a modified Agrobacterium transformation method. This method was used to over-express genes encoding synthases for the important dietary fiber component, 0,3;1,4）-β-glucan （mixed-linkage glucan）, primarily present in starchy endosperm cell walls. Over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, driven by an endosperm-specific promoter, produced lines where mixed-linkage glucan content increased on average by 45%, peaking at 70% in some lines, with smaller increases in transgenic HvCsIH1 grain. Transgenic HvCslF6 lines displayed alterations where grain had a darker color, were more easily crushed than wild type and were smaller. This was associated with an enlarged cavity in the central endosperm and changes in cell morphology, including aleurone and sub-aleurone cells. This work provides proof-of-concept evidence that mixed-linkage glucan content in hull-less barley grain can be increased by over-expression of the HvCslF6 gene, but also indicates that hull-less cultivars may be more sensitive to attempts to modify cell wall composition.

关键词： Tobias I. Baskin University of Massachusetts USA

Nondestructive Phenomic Tools for the Prediction of Heat and Drought Tolerance at Anthesis in Brassica Species

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plant Phenomics 2019年第1期1卷 42-57页

作者： Sheng Chen Yiming Guo Xavier Sirault Katia Stefanova Renu Saradadevi Neil CTurner Matthew NNelson Robert TFurbank Kadambot HMSiddique Wallace ACowling The UWA Institute of agriculture The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6001Australia UWA School of agriculture and Environment The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6001Australia High Resolution plant Phenomics centre Australian Plant Phenomics FacilityCSIRO Agriculture and FoodCanberraACT 2601Australia arc centre of excellence for Translational Photosynthesis Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia

Oilseed Brassica species are vulnerable to heat and drought stress,especially in the early reproductive *** evaluated plant imaging of whole plant and flower tissue,leaf stomatal conductance,leaf and bud temperature,photochemical reflectance index,quantumyield of photosynthesis,and leaf gas exchange for their suitability to detect tolerance to heat(H)and/or drought(D)stress treatments in 12 Brassica genotypes(G).A replicated factorial experiment was set up with 7 d of stress treatment fromthe beginning of anthesis with various levels of three factors H,D,and𝐺.Most phenomics tools detected plant stress as indicated by significant main effects of H,D,and H×*** plant volume was highly correlated with fresh weight changes,suggesting that whole plant imaging may be a useful surrogate for fresh weight in future ***,the maximum carboxylation rate of photosynthesis,increased rapidly on day 1 in H and H+D treatments,and there were significant interactions of G×H and G×*** of genotypes on day 1 inHandH+Dtreatments was positively correlated with their harvested seed *** onday 1 andday3were clustered with seed yield in H and H+D treatments as shown in the heatmaps of genotypic ***,the rate of triose phosphate use,also showed significant positive genotypic correlations with seed yield in H+D *** volume showed significant interactions of G×H and G×D on day 7,and flower volume of genotypes on day 7 inHwas positively correlated with their harvested seed *** were few interactions of G×H or G×D for leaf stomatal conductance,leaf and bud temperature,photochemical reflectance index,and quantum yield of ***,TPU,and volume of flowers are potential nondestructive phenomic traits for heat or combined heat and drought stress tolerance screening in Brassica germplasm.

关键词： Species drought reflectance

Ecological Species Groups and Interspecific Association of Dominant Tree Species in Daiyun Mountain National nature Reserve

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第3期12卷 637-646页

作者： SU Song-jin LIU Jin-fu HE Zhong-sheng ZHENG Shi-qun HONG Wei XU Dao-wei Fujian agriculture and Forestry University Fujian Sanming Forest School Cross-Strait nature Reserve Research centre Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

Abstract： Research on the ecological species groups and interspecific association of plant species are helpful to discover species coexistence processes and mechanisms, and to more fully understand plant community structure, function, and its taxonomy. However, little is known about the ecological species groups （ESG） and the interspecific association of dominant species in Daiyun Mountain National nature Reserve of Fujian Province, China. Therefore, the main goal of this paper is to explore the ESG using maximal tree, and to analyze interspecific associations of 32 dominant species selected from lo2 sample plots using the chi-square test. The results show that：（1） 32 dominant species have a significant overall positive interspecific association, which indicates that the natural forest in Daiyun Mountain National nature Reserve is stable, （a） The species pairs with weak associations, non-associations and positive associations account for lo.88%, 29.64% and 59.48% of the total 496 species pairs respectively, which suggests that the population distributions of the dominant species investigated are relatively independent, （3） The following species pairs may be useful for practical application, 〈Pinus taiwanensis, Rhododendron farrerae〉, 〈Castanopsis carlesii, Altingia chinensis〉, 〈C. carlesii, Castanopsis fargesii〉, 〈Castanopsis eyrei, C. fargesii〉, 〈P. taiwanensis, Fagus lucida〉 , 〈Machilus thunbergii, Castanopsis nigrescens〉, and （4） The results of clustering analysis based on the maximal tree method indicates that the 32 dominant species can be divided into 3 ESGs when A at o.6o, that is ESG I {Pinus massoniana, Cunning hamia lanceolata}, ESG II {P. taiwanensis, R. farrerae, Enkianthus quinqueflorus}, ESG III {C. carlesii, A. chinensis, C. eyrei, Castanopsis fabri, C. fargesii, Schima superba, Machilus thunbergii, Rhododendron latoueheae}. The results may be used for the selection of afforestation tree species in South China Forest Areas and guide the natural manag

关键词： Ecological Species Groups InterspecificAssociation Daiyun Mountain National natureReserve Maximal Tree

How sensing arsenite helps plants survive on toxic soils

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Molecular plant 2021年第9期14卷 1424-1426页

作者： Ricarda Jost Department of Animal Plant and Soil SciencesAustralian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy BiologyAustralian Research HUB for Medicinal AgricultureLa Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food(LIAF)La Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustralia

Metals and metalloids are present in soils and ground *** constitute both essential plant nutrients and potent ***(As)is one of the most prevalent toxic compounds in soil with average concentrations between 5 and 7.5 mg kg 1 facing constant enrichment through anthropogenic activities,as well as soil weathering and volcanism Wenzel(2013).Both phosphorus(P)and As are non-metals found alongside nitrogen(N)in group 15 of the periodic table.

关键词： soils soil phosphorus

plant glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored proteins at the plasma membrane-cell wall nexus

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2018年第8期60卷 649-669页

作者： Trevor H.Yeats Antony Bacic Kim L.Johnson School of Integrated plant Sciences Section of Plant Biology Cornell University Robert W.Holley Center for agriculture and Health USDA-ARS Cornell University Australian Research Council centre of excellence in plant Cell Walls School of Bio Sciences University of Melbourne La Trobe Institute for agriculture & Food Department of Animal Plant and Soil Sciences La Trobe University

Approximately 1% of plant proteins are predicted to be post-translationally modified with a glycosylphospha- tidylinositol （GPI） anchor that tethers the polypeptide to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. Whereas the synthesis and structure of GPI anchors is largely conserved across eukaryotes, the repertoire of functional domains present in the GPl-anchored proteome has diverged substantially. In plants, this includes a large fraction of the GPl-anchored proteome being further modified with plant-specific arabinogalactan （AG） O-glycans. The impor- tance of the GPl-anchored proteome to plant development is underscored by the fact that GPI biosynthetic null mutants exhibit embryo lethality. Mutations in genes encoding specific GPl-anchored proteins （GAPs） further supports their contribution to diverse biological processes, occurring at the interface of the plasma membrane and cell wall, including signaling, cell wall metabolism, cell wall polymer cross-linking, and plasmodesmatal transport. Here, we review the literature concerning plant GPl-anchored proteins, in the context of their potential to act as molecular hubs that mediate interactions between the plasma membrane and the cell wall, and their potential to transduce the signal into the protoplast and, thereby, activate signal transduction pathways.

关键词： GPI plant glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored proteins at the plasma membrane-cell wall nexus