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Gold solubility in silicate melts and fluids:Advances from high-pressure and high-temperature experiments

Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第9期64卷 1481-1491页

作者： Xingcheng LIU Ting XU Xiaolin XIONG Li LI Jianwei LI State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510640China CAS Center for excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou510640China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Faculty of Earth Resources China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China

The solubility of Au in silicate melts and fluids governs the enrichment and migration of Au during the formation of magmatic-hydrothermal Au *** Au deposits require vast amounts of Au to migrate from the upper mantle-lower crust to the shallow crust,and high Au solubility in magma and hydrothermal fluid facilitates the formation of Au-rich magma and fluid in the crust and mantle source and efficient *** paper reviews recent high-pressure and high-temperature experimental studies on Au species in magmas and hydrothermal fluids,the partitioning behavior of Au between silicate melts and fluids,and the effects of temperature,pressure,oxygen fugacity,sulfur fugacity,silicate melt composition,and volatiles(H2O,CO2,chlorine,and sulfur)on the solubility of Au in *** show that the solubility of Au in magma is largely controlled by the volatiles in the magma:the higher the content of reduced sulfur(S2-and HS-)in the magma,the higher the solubility of *** high-temperature,high-pressure,H2O-rich,and intermediate oxygen fugacity conditions,magma can dissolve more reduced sulfur species,thus enhancing the ability of the magma to transport *** the ore-forming elements of the Au deposits in the North China Craton originate from mantle-derived magmas and fluids,we can conclude,in terms of massive Au migration,that these deep Au-rich magmas might have been generated under H2 O-rich and moderately oxidized conditions(S2-coexists with S6+).The big mantle wedge beneath East Asia was metasomatized by melts and fluids from the dehydration of the Early Cretaceous paleo-Pacific stagnant slab,which not only caused thinning of the North China Craton,but also created physicochemical conditions favorable for massive Au migration.

关键词： Magmatic-hydrothermal gold deposits Gold solubility Sulfur solubility Volatiles High-pressure and high-temperature experiments

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Time-resolved, defect-hosted, trace element mobility in deformedWitwatersrand pyrite

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第1期10卷 55-63页

作者： Denis Fougerouse Steven M.Reddy Christopher L.Kirkland David W.Saxey William D.Rickard Robert M.Hough School of Earth and Planetary Sciences The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR) Curtin University Geoscience Atom Probe Advanced Resource Characterisation Facility John de Laeter Centre Curtin University CSIRO Minerals Resources

The Pb isotopic composition of rocks is widely used to constrain the sources and mobility of melts and hydrothermal fluids in the Earth's crust. In many cases, the Pb isotopic composition appears to represent mixing of multiple Pb reservoirs. However, the nature, scale and mechanisms responsible for isotopic mixing are not well known. Additionally, the trace element composition of sulphide minerals are routinely used in ore deposit research, mineral exploration and environmental studies, though little is known about element mobility in sulphides during metamorphism and deformation. To investigate the mechanisms of trace element mobility in a deformed Witwatersrand pyrite(FeS_2), we have combined electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) and atom probe microscopy(APM). The results indicate that the pyrite microstructural features record widely different Pb isotopic compositions, covering the entire range of previously published sulphide Pb compositions from the Witwatersrand basin. We show that entangled dislocations record enhanced Pb, Sb, Ni, Tl and Cu composition likely due to entrapment and short-circuit diffusion in dislocation cores. These dislocations preserve the Pb isotopic composition of the pyrite at the time of growth(~3 Ga) and show that dislocation intersections, likely to be common in deforming minerals, limit trace element mobility. In contrast, Pb, As, Ni, Co, Sb and Bi decorate a highangle grain boundary which formed soon after crystallisation by sub-grain rotation *** isotopic composition within this boundary indicates the addition of externally-derived Pb and trace elements during greenschist metamorphism at ~2 Ga. Our results show that discrete Pb reservoirs are nanometric in scale, and illustrate that grain boundaries may remain open systems for trace element mobility over 1 billion years after their formation.

关键词： Atom probe microscopy Nanoscale Nanogeochronology Microstructure Isotope geochemistry Common Pb

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Cenozoic magmatic activity and oblique uplifting of the Ailao Mountain: Evidence from a short-period dense seismic array

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第9期63卷 1294-1308页

作者： Lu ZHANG Zhiming BAI Tao XU Zhenbo WU Minfu HUANG Guiping YU Junlei CHEN Mengjie ZHENG State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China CAS Center for excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China School of Geophysics Chengdu University of TechonologyChengdu 610059China Earthquake Administration of Yunnan Province Kunming 650224China

Geological studies show that the southern part of Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone(ALSRRSZ)has experienced complex metallogenic processes and multi-stage non-uniform uplifting,called oblique uplifting since the *** detect the deep structure and geodynamic background beneath Daping,Chang’an and other gold and polymetallic deposits in this area,we carried out a high-density short-period seismic array survey in southern Yunnan *** array used is approximately240 km long with an interval of 500 m between two adjacent *** on the data collected by the array,we used H-κstacking and common conversion point(CCP)methods of receiver functions to reveal the fine crustal structure beneath this array,which was located from Lvchun(western end)to the east and ended in *** three main conclusions are as follows.(1)The average crustal thickness is approximately 37 km and the Vp/Vsratio is ***,the thickness and Vp/Vsratio of the Ailao Mountain are rather greater or higher than those of the western Lanping-Simao Basin and eastern South-China *** results may indicate that the crust is rich in ferromagnesian minerals or has a thermal fluid anomaly after orogenic movement.(2)There are two obvious inclined interfaces beneath the Ailao Mountain in the mid-upper crust,which suggests that strong deformation occurred there during the orogenic *** evidences,such as the weak converted-wave Pms phase from the Moho,low P-wave velocities of the upper mantle,high surface heat flow values,and generally developed hot springs,indicate that a strong crust-mantle interaction exists in the southern segments of the Ailaoshan-Red River shear *** interactions include a diapir of mantle-sourced magma(stronger in the east than that in the west),lateral collision from the Indian Plate,and the differential uplift caused by the strike-slip movement of the Red River *** of above deep processes led to the Cenozoic oblique uplifting of Ailao Mounta

关键词： Ailaoshan-Red River shear zone Multiform metal deposits Oblique uplifting Short-period dense seismic array Receiver function

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The Cretaceous Turn of Geological Evolution: Key Evidence from East Asia

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第5期92卷 1991-2003页

作者： Victor P.NECHAEV DAI Shifeng F.Lin SUTHERLAND Ian T.GRAHAM Eugenia V.NECHAEVA Far East Geological Institute Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Engineering School Far Eastern Federal University State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining China University of Mining and Technology School of Resources and Geosciences China University of Mining and Technology Geoscience Australian Museum PANGEA Research centre School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences University of New South Wales

this work focuses on one of the critical points of Earth＇s history when the Solar System passed through the most distant point of its galactic orbit. During this event, Earth may have suffered from maximum extension, associated with its relative proximity to the Sun at that time, followed by long-term contraction related to its later distancing. This paper is based on generalized data on the Cretaceous evolution of the Earth as a whole and of East Asia in particular. The evidence suggests that major geological processes at this time may be interpreted as transitional changes in the state of Earth. A liquid nature of its core may have reacted to the gravitational and electromagnetic transformations. When the cosmic changes took place at 135-120 Ma, more turbulent flows in the outer core would have favoured the rise of voluminous magmatic plumes and associated fluid flows. These would substantially transform the mantle, crust, hydrosphere, biosphere and atmosphere. In particular, plume-related melting of overlying subducting slabs and lower continental crust could have initiated numerous adakitic melts that formed the East Asian Adakitic Province. These and associated juvenile events produced numerous metallic ore, coal, gas and oil deposits. The Cretaceous is one of the most significant resource-producing periods.

关键词： Cretaceous geological evolution galactic orbit super plume adakitic rocks coal ore and petroleum resources

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Recent Progress of Microgravity Science Research in China

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空间科学学报 2022年第4期42卷 772-785页

作者： ZHAO Jianfu DU Wangfang KANG Qi LAN Ding LI Kai LI Weibin LIU Y C LUO Xinghong MIAO Jianyin WANG Qinggong WANG Shuangfeng ZHANG Tao ZHANG Xingwang ZHANG Yonghai ZHENG Huiqiong CAS Key Laboratory of Microgravity Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 School of Engineering Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 Center for Combustion Energy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016 Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering China Academy of Space TechnologyBeijing 100094 Qian Xuesen Laboratory of Space Technology China Academy of Space TechnologyBeijing 100094 Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083 Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083 School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049 Center for excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032

Microgravity science is an important branch of space *** major objective is to study the laws of materials movement in microgravity,as well as to reveal the influence of gravity on the movement of materials in different gravity *** researches relevant to these basic studies are also important contents of microgravity *** advanced subjects,to some extent,reflect the ability of human beings to understand nature and the R&D level in this field in various *** this paper,the recent progress and the latest achievements of microgravity science and application researches in China aboard space platforms such as the core Capsule Tianhe of the China Space Station(CSS)and satellites,as well as utilizing ground-based short-term microgravity facilities such as the Drop Tower Beijing and TUFF,are summarized,which cover the following sub-disciplines:microgravity fluid physics,microgravity combustion science,space materials science,space fundamental physics,space bio-technology,and relevant space technology applications.

关键词： Microgravity science China Space Station(CSS) Ground-based short-term microgravity platforms Microgravity fluid physics Microgravity combustion science Space materials science Space fundamental physics Space bio-technology

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Alzheimer’s disease early diagnostic and staging biomarkers revealed by large-scale cerebrospinal fluid and serum proteomic profiling

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 118-126页

作者： Qing-Qing Tao Xue Cai Yan-Yan Xue Weigang Ge Liang Yue Xiao-Yan Li Rong-Rong Lin Guo-Ping Peng Wenhao Jiang Sainan Li Kun-Mu Zheng Bin Jiang Jian-Ping Jia Tiannan Guo Zhi-Ying Wu Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in the Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311100China Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzho 310024China Department of Neurology First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Department of Neurology First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361009China Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijing 100053China MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration School of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China CAS Center for excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai 200031China

Amyloid-b,tau pathology,and biomarkers of neurodegeneration make up the core diagnostic biomarkers of Alzheimer disease(AD).However,these proteins represent only a fraction of the complex biological processes underlying AD,and individuals with other brain diseases in which AD pathology is a comorbidity also test positive for these diagnostic *** ADspecific early diagnostic and disease staging biomarkers are *** this study,we performed tandem mass tag proteomic analysis of paired cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and serum samples in a discovery cohort comprising 98 *** biomarkers were validated by parallel reaction monitoring–based targeted proteomic assays in an independent multicenter cohort comprising 288 *** quantified 3,238 CSF and 1,702 serum proteins in the discovery cohort,identifying 171 and 860 CSF proteins and 37 and 323 serum proteins as potential early diagnostic and staging biomarkers,*** the validation cohort,58 and 21 CSF proteins,as well as 12 and 18 serum proteins,were verified as early diagnostic and staging biomarkers,*** 19-protein CSF and an 8-protein serum biomarker panels were built by machine learning to accurately classify mild cognitive impairment(MCI)due to AD from normal cognition with areas under the curve of 0.984 and 0.881,*** 19-protein CSF biomarker panel also effectively discriminated patients with MCI due to AD from patients with other neurodegenerative ***,we identified 21 CSF and 18 serum stage-associated proteins re-flecting AD *** findings provide a foundation for developing bloodbased tests for AD screening and staging in clinical practice.

关键词： cerebrospinal Alzheimer fluid

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Coordination-regulated epitaxial growth for 2D/3D perovskite vertical alignment heterostructure

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Science Bulletin 2024年第20期69卷 3201-3205页

作者： Guoxiang Zhao Yuan Chen Shan Cong Lutao Li Chen Wang Xinyu Du Ruirui Liu Jing Lu Yu Liu Gaoyuan Chen Sihan Zhang Liya Zhang Mark Hermann Rummeli Guifu Zou College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovationsand Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu ProvinceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China School of Advanced Energy Sun Yat-Sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China Center for Electron Microscopy Institute for New Energy Materials and Low-Carbon TechnologiesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China Department of Fundamental Research Weiqiao Lightweight Research Center at SoochowSuzhou 215021China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application School of Physical Science and TechnologySuzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Institute of Environmental Technology VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70833Czech Republic Institute for Materials Chemistry IFW DresdenDresden 01069Germany

Metal halide perovskite heterostructures that combine twodimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)perovskites with desirable charge and exciton behaviors at heterointerfaces have attracted much attention recently[1].The integration of 2D and3D perovskites combines the commendable efficiency with the exceptional stability[2].Unfortunately,the electrically insulating nature of bulky organic cations in 2D perovskites impedes the charge transport between the heterointerface[3].

关键词： perovskite combine charge

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