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Multi-region calcium imaging in freely behaving mice with ultra-compact head-mounted fluorescence microscopes

National science Review 2024年第1期11卷 161-173页

作者： Feng Xue Fei Li Ke-ming Zhang Lufeng Ding Yang Wang Xingtao Zhao Fang Xu Danke Zhang Mingzhai Sun Pak-Ming Lau Qingyuan Zhu Pengcheng Zhou Guo-Qiang Bi Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instruments University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Interdisciplinary Center for Brain Information the Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of Life and health sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Modern Life sciences and Biotecnology Xiongan Institute of Innovation Xiongan New Area Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Artiflcial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center

To investigate the circuit-level neural mechanisms of behavior, simultaneous imaging of neuronal activity in multiple cortical and subcortical regions is highly desired. Miniature head-mounted microscopes offer the capability of calcium imaging in freely behaving animals. However, implanting multiple microscopes on a mouse brain remains challenging due to space constraints and the cumbersome weight of the ***, we present TINIscope, a Tightly Integrated Neuronal Imaging microscope optimized for electronic and opto-mechanical design. With its compact and lightweight design of 0.43 g, TINIscope enables unprecedented simultaneous imaging of behavior-relevant activity in up to four brain regions in ***-of-concept experiments with TINIscope recorded over 1000 neurons in four hippocampal subregions and revealed concurrent activity patterns spanning across these regions. Moreover, we explored potential multi-modal experimental designs by integrating additional modules for optogenetics, electrical stimulation or local field potential recordings. Overall, TINIscope represents a timely and indispensable tool for studying the brain-wide interregional coordination that underlies unrestrained behaviors.

关键词： miniature microscope multiple sites calcium imaging multimodal integration hippocampus

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A stochastic gradient-based two-step sparse identification algorithm for multivariate ARX systems

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Control Theory and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 213-221页

作者： Yanxin Fu Wenxiao Zhao Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Mathematical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

We consider the sparse identification of multivariate ARX systems, i.e., to recover the zero elements of the unknown parameter matrix. We propose a two-step algorithm, where in the first step the stochastic gradient (SG) algorithm is applied to obtain initial estimates of the unknown parameter matrix and in the second step an optimization criterion is introduced for the sparse identification of multivariate ARX systems. Under mild conditions, we prove that by minimizing the criterion function, the zero elements of the unknown parameter matrix can be recovered with a finite number of observations. The performance of the algorithm is testified through a simulation example.

关键词： ARX system Stochastic gradient algorithm Sparse identification Support recovery Parameter estimation Strong consistency

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Quantum search with prior knowledge

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science China(Information sciences) 2024年第09期67卷 321-329页

作者： Xiaoyu HE Xiaoming SUN Jialing ZHANG State Key Lab of Processors Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The combination of contextual side information and search is a powerful paradigm in the scope of artificial intelligence. The prior knowledge enables the identification of possible solutions but may be imperfect. Contextual information can arise naturally, for example in game AI where prior knowledge is used to bias move decisions. In this work we investigate the problem of taking quantum advantage of contextual information, especially searching with prior knowledge. We propose a new generalization of Grover's search algorithm that achieves the optimal expected success probability of finding the solution if the number of queries is fixed. Experiments on small-scale quantum circuits verify the advantage of our algorithm. Since contextual information exists widely, our method has wide applications. We take game tree search as an example.

关键词： quantum computing quantum search quantum query algorithm prior knowledge

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Sea level rise along China coast from 1950 to 2020

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science China Earth sciences 2024年第3期67卷 802-810页

作者： Dapeng MU Tianhe XU Haoming YAN Institute of Space sciences Shandong UniversityWeihai 264209China Innovation academy for Precision Measurement science and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Institute of Marine and Antarctic science University of TasmaniaHobartTasmania 7004Australia

Global mean sea level rise has been reconstructed using tide gauges. However, long-term sea level rise along the China coast is unclear. To address this issue, a data assimilation approach is developed to reconstruct sea level rise along the China coast from 1950 to 2020 using a global distribution of tide gauges(TGs). This approach combines climate models and sea level fingerprints. The climate models provide stereodynamic sea level changes. The sea level fingerprints include increases in ocean mass due to global ice melting and changes in water storage on land. The reconstructed global mean sea level rise agrees well with previous studies. We quantify sea level rise at 20 TGs along the China coast. The results suggest that sea level rise along the China coast(1.95±0.33 mm yr^(-1)) is greater than the global mean(1.71±0.17 mm yr^(-1)). We also find that China's coastal sea level rise is more than three times faster after 1980, increasing from 0.84±0.28 mm yr^(-1)for 1950–1980 to3.12±0.21 mm yr^(-1)for 1980–2020. This finding implies a significant sea level acceleration along the China coast. Our results advance the understanding of long-term sea level changes along the China coast.

关键词： Sea level rise China coast Tide gauges Data assimilation

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Two thin middle-crust low-velocity zones imaged in the Chuan-Dian region of southeastern Tibetan Plateau and their tectonic implications

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science China Earth sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1675-1686页

作者： Long LI Xin WANG Guangbing HOU Yuan LING Yinshuang AI Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Innovation academy for Earth science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Intracrustal low-velocity zones(LVZs)indicate a mechanically weak crust and are widely observed in the southeast margin of the Tibetan ***,their spatial distributions and formation mechanisms remain *** investigate their distribution and detailed morphology of the LVZs in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau,here we used teleseismic events and continuous waveform data recorded by 40 broadband seismic stations newly deployed in the Sichuan-Yunnan region from December 2018 to October 2020.A total of 12,924 high-quality P-wave receiver functions and 5–40 s fundamental Rayleigh surface wave phase velocity dispersion curves from ambient noise cross-correlation functions were *** Swave velocity model at a depth interval of 0–100 km in the study area was inverted by using the trans-dimensional Markov chain Monte Carlo strategy to jointly invert the complementary data of the receiver function waveform and Rayleigh surface wave phase velocity *** results show that there are two separate LVZs(~3.5 km/s)surrounding the rigid Daliangshan subblock at crustal depths of approximately 30–40 km,providing new constraints on the geometry of the LVZs in our study *** two LVZs obtained in this study may represent the middle crustal flow channels,through which the material in the center of the Tibetan Plateau extrudes to its southeast *** by the rigid Sichuan Basin and the spindle-like Daliangshan subblock,the material continues to flow southward through the mechanically weak middle crustal channels surrounding the Daliangshan *** addition,the existence of thin LVZs in the middle crust plays an important role in understanding the decoupling between the upper and lower crust in the study *** also provides new constraint on the complex tectonic deformation process of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau caused by the collision and compression of the Indian and the Eurasian plates.

关键词： Southeastern Tibetan Plateau Joint inversion Intracrustal low-velocity zone Mid-crustal channel flow

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Discriminatively Constrained Semi-Supervised Multi-View Nonnegative Matrix Factorization with Graph Regularization

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2024年第1期7卷 55-74页

作者： Guosheng Cui Ye Li Jianzhong Li Jianping Fan Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Joint Engineering Research Center for health Big Data Intelligent Analysis Technology Shenzhen 518055China University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China School of Computer science and Control Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization(NMF)is one of the most popular feature learning technologies in the field of machine learning and pattern *** has been widely used and studied in the multi-view clustering tasks because of its *** study proposes a general semi-supervised multi-view nonnegative matrix factorization *** algorithm incorporates discriminative and geometric information on data to learn a better-fused representation,and adopts a feature normalizing strategy to align the different *** specific implementations of this algorithm are developed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework:Graph regularization based Discriminatively Constrained Multi-View Nonnegative Matrix Factorization(GDCMVNMF)and Extended Multi-View Constrained Nonnegative Matrix Factorization(ExMVCNMF).The intrinsic connection between these two specific implementations is discussed,and the optimization based on multiply update rules is *** on six datasets show that the effectiveness of GDCMVNMF and ExMVCNMF outperforms several representative unsupervised and semi-supervised multi-view NMF approaches.

关键词： multi-view semi-supervised clustering discriminative information geometric information feature normalizing strategy

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Parameter selection for the hydroconversion of waste polyethylene plastic under mild conditions: A comprehensive evaluation

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science China(Technological sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2413-2426页

作者： CHENG LeiLei CHEN RuiZhe ZHU WeiQiang TIAN ShaoNan GU Jing YUAN HaoRan CHEN Yong Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China School of Energy science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

The hydrogenolysis/hydrocracking of waste polyethylene(PE) has recently been intensively studied, with the general pursuit of low-temperature reaction conditions, increased oil-phase yield, and narrower carbon chain distribution. Before this, we utilized a ball-milled ZSM-22 catalyst loaded with Ru nanoparticles(NPs), which exhibited excellent hydroconversion performance. It deconstructed PE into >80 wt.% oil products under low temperatures and short reaction times. Herein, we investigated the influence of varying temperature/pressure parameters on the degree of specific hydrocracking/internal hydrogenolysis/terminal hydrogenolysis reactions. From the comprehensive energy efficiency perspective, including stirring, reaction, and product separation, as well as taking into account the degree of product isomerization and catalyst lifespan, we analyzed the optimization of parameters. This research abandons the notion that lower temperatures are better and proposes a more comprehensive evaluation framework for low-consumption hydroconversion of PE to produce high-value products.

关键词： plastic upcycling polyethylene hydrocracking hydrogenolysis comprehensive energy efficiency

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Single-wall carbon nanotube fiber non-woven fabrics with a high electrothermal heating response

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5621-5628页

作者： Xinyu Jiao Lele Xu Xinyang Sun Chao Shi Peng-Xiang Hou Chang Liu Hui-Ming Cheng Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Faculty of Materials science and Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China

Carbon nanotube(CNT)fibers have great promise for constructing multifunctional fabrics with high electrical conductivity,good electro-heating ability,excellent flexibility,and a low ***,the inter-fiber contacts in the fabric greatly reduce these advantages and limit their ***,a simple pressure-fusing method to fabricate single-wall CNT(SWCNT)fiber non-woven fabrics(NWFs)that are composed of interconnected SWCNT fibers with fused joints is reported,which have good flexibility,a low density of 0.46 g/cm^(3),a high electrical conductivity of 3.7×10^(5)S/m,and a record high specific electrical conductivity of 803(S·m^(2))/*** also showed excellent electrical heating ability,so that a temperature of~160℃was rapidly reached at a low voltage of 2 *** with their low density,the SWCNT fiber NWFs are promising for use as a heating unit for low temperature battery protection and de-icing applications.

关键词： carbon nanotube fiber nonwoven fabrics fusing electrothermal heating

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Compound Product of Hypermatrices

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Journal of Systems science & Complexity 2024年第1期37卷 169-183页

作者： CHENG Daizhan MENG Min ZHANG Xiao JI Zhengping Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Control science and Engineering School of Electronics and Information EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201210China National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100149China.

The semi-tensor product(STP)of matrices is generalized to multidimensional arrays,called the compound product of *** product is first defined for three-dimensional hypermatrices with compatible orders and then extended to general *** different types of hyperdeterminants are introduced and certain properties are *** Lie groups and Lie algebras corresponding to the hypermatrix products are ***,these results are applied to dynamical systems.

关键词： Compound semi-tensor product hyperdeterminants hypereigenvalues and hypereigenvectors hypergeneral linear groups hypermatrices.

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Migration mechanism and risk assessment of perand polyfluoroalkyl substances in the Ya'Er Lake oxidation pond area,China

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第2期136卷 301-312页

作者： Chang Li Huifang Zhong Jing Wu Lingyi Meng Yingjun Wang Chunyang Liao Yawei Wang Yujian He University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Institute of Biomedical and health Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100012China Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances Institute of Environment and HealthJianghan UniversityWuhan 430056China

The migration mechanisms,sources,and environmental risks of 29 legacy and emerging perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl species present in an oxidation pond(Ya'Er Lake)were investigated for treating sewage based on the analysis of their occurrence and *** concentration of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)in pond area was between0.30 and 63.2 ng/g dw(dry weight),with the overall average concentration of 8.00 ng/g ***,the PFAS concentrations in the surface sediments near the sewage outlet in Pond-1(50.2 ng/g dw)and Pond-5(average 15.1 ng/g dw)were 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than those in other *** general,the legacy PFAS,i.e.,perfluorooctane sulfonic acid was considered to be the major pollutant in the polluted area,on average,accounting for 73.0%of the total concentration of PFAS *** evaluating the regional distribution of different PFAS homologs,the short-chain PFAS pollutants with lower K_(ow)were found to migrate farther in both horizontal and vertical *** sewage outlets in Pond-1 and Pond-5are the main pollution sources in polluted area and the emerging PFAS pollutants in Pond-5have replaced the legacy PFAS pollutants as the main *** on positive matrix factorization analysis,three main industrial sources of PFAS pollutants in the study area were identified:protective coating,fire-fighting,and food packaging ***,the environmental risk assessment results showed that most study areas exhibited medium environmental risk(0.01≤Risk quotient(RQ)<1),indicating that the ecological environment risks in this area need further attention.

关键词： Perfluoroalkyl substances Distribution Migration mechanism Risk assessment

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