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Improving anammox activity and reactor start-up speed by using CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3) buffer

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 60-71页

作者： Shaoan Cheng Huahua Li Xinyuan He Hua Chen Longxin Li State Key Laboratory of clean energy Utilization College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Anammox bacteria grow slowly and can be affected by large pH *** suitable buffers could make the start-up of anammox reactors easy and *** this study,the effects of three kinds of buffers on the nitrogen removal and growth characteristics of anammox sludge were *** with CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3)buffer solution(CCBS)performed the best in nitrogen removal,while 4-(2-hydroxyerhyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid(HEPES)and phosphate buffer solution(PBS)inhibited the anammox *** with 50 mmol/L CCBS could start up in 20 days,showing the specific anammox activity and anammox activity of 1.01±0.10 gN/(gVSS·day)and 0.83±0.06 kgN/(m^(3)·day),*** Kuenenia was the dominant anammox bacteria,with a relative abundance of 71.8%.Notably,anammox reactors could also start quickly by using 50 mmol/L CCBS under nonstrict anaerobic *** findings are meaningful for the quick start-up of engineered anammox reactors and prompt enrichment of anammox bacteria.

关键词： Anammox bacteria Buffer solution CO_(2)/NaHCO_(3) Physiological characteristics Microbial community shift

Progress and challenges of electrolyte modulation in aqueous zinc-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 2940-2967页

作者： Qi-Hang Yang Lu-Fei Wang Xiao-Yu Wang Meng-Meng Zhen Tianjin Key Laboratory of clean energy and Pollution Control School of Energy and Environmental EngineeringHebei University of Technology

As a new type of green battery system,aqueous zinc-ion batteries（AZIBs） have gradually become a research hotspot due to their low cost,high safety,excellent stability,high theoretical capacity(820 mAh·g-1) of zinc anode,and low redox potential(-0.76 V *** hydrogen electrode（SHE）).AZIBs have been expected to be an alternative to lithium-ion batteries for large-scale commercial energy storage ***,they are facing thorny issues such as degradation of cycling performance,zinc dendrites,and side *** the same time,these problems cause short cycling life of batteries,thus severely limiting their commercial *** recent years,many more researches have been conducted on the modification of anode and cathode materials of AZIBs,but there is a lack of in-depth discussion on the characteristics and mechanism of electrolyte *** this review,we will make a systematic summary of the current problems with two electrodes in AZIBs,as well as the types and functions of electrolyte ***,we further systematically describe the modulation mechanism of electrolyte additives in the performance of the cathode and *** prospects and development directions of additive modulation strategies for AZIBs electrolytes are prospected.

关键词： Electrolyte additives Aqueous zinc-ion batteries Zinc anode protection Cathode chemistry

Impacts of multi-foulings on salinity gradient energy conversion process in negatively charged conical nanochannels

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1714-1726页

作者： MAO RuiJie CHEN Xi ZHOU RuHong LONG Rui LIU ZhiChun LIU Wei School of energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China China-EU Institute for clean and Renewable energy Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China School of Mechanical Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China

Membrane fouling inevitably occurs during nanofluidic reverse ***,the impact of multi-fouling on the energy conversion performance of negatively charged conical nanochannels under asymmetrical configurations is systematically *** results reveal that in Configuration I,where a high-concentration solution is applied at the tip side,at small concentration ratios,multiple foulings reduce the electric *** Configuration II,where a low-concentration solution is applied at the tip side,multiple foulings near the base side contribute to the electric *** fouling that formed near the lowconcentration entrance diminished the electric power and energy conversion ***-fouling lowered the electrical power consumption by 69.27%and 99.94%in Configurations I and II,*** Configuration I,the electric power first increased with increasing fouling surface charge density,reached its maximum value,and thereafter *** Configuration II,the electric power first decreased with increasing fouling surface charge density,reached its minimum value,and thereafter *** negative or positive charge densities of fouling contribute to the electric power and energy conversion efficiency.

关键词： conical nanochannel fouling nanofluidic reverse electrodialysis salinity gradient energy

ZnO Additive Boosts Charging Speed and Cycling Stability of Electrolytic Zn–Mn Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 293-304页

作者： Jin Wu Yang Tang Haohang Xu Guandie Ma Jinhong Jiang Changpeng Xian Maowen Xu Shu‑Juan Bao Hao Chen Institute for clean energy&Advanced Materials School of Materials and EnergySouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715People’s Republic of China

Electrolytic aqueous zinc-manganese(Zn–Mn) batteries have the advantage of high discharge voltage and high capacity due to two-electron reactions. However, the pitfall of electrolytic Zn–Mn batteries is the sluggish deposition reaction kinetics of manganese oxide during the charge process and short cycle life. We show that, incorporating ZnO electrolyte additive can form a neutral and highly viscous gel-like electrolyte and render a new form of electrolytic Zn–Mn batteries with significantly improved charging capabilities. Specifically, the ZnO gel-like electrolyte activates the zinc sulfate hydroxide hydrate assisted Mn^(2+) deposition reaction and induces phase and structure change of the deposited manganese oxide(Zn_(2)Mn_(3)O_8·H_(2)O nanorods array), resulting in a significant enhancement of the charge capability and discharge efficiency. The charge capacity increases to 2.5 mAh cm^(-2) after 1 h constant-voltage charging at 2.0 V vs. Zn/Zn^(2+), and the capacity can retain for up to 2000 cycles with negligible attenuation. This research lays the foundation for the advancement of electrolytic Zn–Mn batteries with enhanced charging capability.

关键词： Electrolytic aqueous zinc-manganese batteries Electrolyte pH value ZnO electrolyte additive Fast constant-voltage charging ability

An empirical model for high energy density lithium-(ion)batteries with ultra-thick electrodes

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 230-237页

作者： Li-Ming Jin Guang-Guang Xing Nan Qin Yan-Yan Lu Jun-Sheng Zheng Cun-Man Zhang Jim P.Zheng School of Automotive Studies and clean energy Automotive Engineering Center Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Department of Electrical Engineering University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260USA

Increasing the electrode thickness is a significant method to decrease the weight and volume ratio of the inactive components for high energy density of the *** this contribution,we extracted a repeating unit in the configurations and establish the empirical energy density model based on some *** this model,the effects of the electrode thickness on the energy density for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),lithium metal batteries(LMBs),and anode-free lithium batteries(ALBs)are evaluated quantitively with the current parameters of the *** results demonstrate that the structure evolutions from LIBs,LMBs to ALBs with the reduction of the anode weight contribution,the energy density can be well improved *** the increase of the thickness of the electrode provide another route to furthe r enhance the energydensity by decreasing the weight contribution of inactive materials;meanwhile the effects for ALBs are higher than LMBs and LIBs due to the higher weight ratio of inactive *** empirical energy density model is also applied into the practical system and provide intuitional results to guide the battery design for higher energy density.

关键词： Empirical model High energy density Lithium batteries Ultra-thick electrodes

Recent advances and future prospects on Ni_(3)S_(2)-Based electrocatalysts for efficient alkaline water electrolysis

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Green energy & Environment 2024年第4期9卷 659-683页

作者： Shiwen Wang Zhen Geng Songhu Bi Yuwei Wang Zijian Gao Liming Jin Cunman Zhang clean energy Automotive Engineering Center School of Automotive StudiesTongji UniversityShanghai201804China

Green hydrogen(H_(2))produced by renewable energy powered alkaline water electrolysis is a promising alternative to fossil fuels due to its high energy density with zero-carbon ***,efficient and economic H_(2) production by alkaline water electrolysis is hindered by the sluggish hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Therefore,it is imperative to design and fabricate high-active and low-cost non-precious metal catalysts to improve the HER and OER performance,which affects the energy efficiency of alkaline water ***_(3)S_(2) with the heazlewoodite structure is a potential electrocatalyst with near-metal conductivity due to the Ni–Ni metal ***,the review comprehensively presents the recent progress of Ni_(3)S_(2)-based electrocatalysts for alkaline water ***,the HER and OER mechanisms,performance evaluation criteria,preparation methods,and strategies for performance improvement of Ni_(3)S_(2)-based electrocatalysts are *** challenges and perspectives are also analyzed.

关键词： Alkaline water electrolysis Hydrogen Electrocatalysts Ni_(3)S_(2)

Perspective of alkaline zinc-based flow batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第1期67卷 260-275页

作者： Zhizhang Yuan Xianfeng Li Division of energy Storage Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(DNL)Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 110623China

energy storage technologies have been identified as the key in constructing new electric power systems and achieving carbon neutrality,as they can absorb and smooth the renewables-generated *** zinc-based flow batteries are well suitable for stationary energy storage applications,since they feature the advantages of high safety,high cell voltage and low ***,many alkaline zinc-based flow batteries have been proposed and developed,e.g.,the alkaline zinc–iron flow battery and alkaline zinc–nickel flow *** development and application are closely related to advanced materials and battery *** this perspective,we will first provide a brief introduction and discussion of alkaline zinc-based flow *** we focus on these batteries from the perspective of their current status,challenges and *** bottlenecks for these batteries are briefly *** with the practical requirements and development trends of alkaline zinc-based flow battery technologies,their future development and research direction will be summarized.

关键词： energy storage alkaline zinc-based flow batteries advanced materials battery structure

Experimental Investigation and X-Ray Computed Microtomography Simulation on Thermal Physical Properties of Foundation Materials after Molten Salt Leakage in the Storage Tank

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 591-601页

作者： WANG Zhaowen ZHOU Hao LUO Jiawei LI Yawei FANG Hao LIU Tianxiao State Key Laboratory of clean energy Utilization Institute for Thermal Power EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

This paper studied the thermal physical properties of foundation materials in the molten salt tank of thermal energy storage system after molten salt leakage by Transient plane source experiment and X-ray computed microtomography simulation *** microstructure,thermal properties and pressure resistance with different particle diameters were *** measured heat conductivities from Transient plane source experiment for three cases are 0.49 W/(m·K),0.48 W/(m·K),and 0.51 W/(m·K),and the porosity is 30.1%,30.7%,and 31.2% *** heat conductivity simulating results of three cases are 0.471 W/(m·K),0.482W/(m·K),and 0.513 W/(m·K).The ratio of difference between the results of simulation and Transient plane source measurement is as low as 1.2%,verifying the reliability of experimental and simulation results to a certain *** with the heat conductivity of 0.097-0.129 W/(m·K) and porosity of 71.6%-78.9% without leaking salt,the porosity is reduced by more than 50% while the heat conductivity increased by 4 to 5 times after molten salt *** significant increase in heat conductivity has a great impact on security operation,structure design,and modeling of the tank foundation for solar power plants.

关键词： heat conductivity X-ray computed microtomography foundation materials three-phase threshold algorithm molten salt leakage

Promoting effect of FeOx addition on the mechanochemically prepared vanadium-based catalyst for real PCDD/Fs removal and mechanism insight

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 478-487页

作者： Minghui Tang Ling Wang Hongxian Li Xinlei Huang Cuicui Du Shengyong Lu State Key Laboratory for clean energy Utilization Institute for Thermal Power EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Industrial-use VOx-based catalysts usually have a higher active temperature window (>250-300℃),which becomes a“bottleneck”for the practical application of PCDD/Fs catalytic degradation *** this work,VO_(x)-FeO_(x)/TiO_(2) catalyst prepared via mechanochemically method was investigated for the catalytic removal of PCDD/*** removal efficiency of 1,2-DCBz,pure PCDD/Fs gas generated in the lab,PCDD/Fs from actual fue gas,long-term were studied,and the degradation mechanism was explored using FTIR and *** degradation efficiency of 1,2-DCBz and PCDD/Fs on VO_(x)-FeO_(x)/TiO_(2) were higher than that of VO_(x)/TiO_(2)catalyst,and the optimal FeOx addition ratio was 3 wt.%.The characterization results show that the addition of FeOx can effectively improve the pore structure,surface acidity,and VOx dispersion of the catalyst,thus contributing to increasing the V^(5+)content and surface-active oxygen,which is conducive to the improvement of adsorption and redox performance of the *** the actual MSWI (municipal solid waste incineration)fue gas,the PCDD/Fs removal efficiency over VTi-3Fe-MC maintained long-term stability,higher than 85%for 240 *** result was not significantly reduced compared with the data obtained in the *** to the analysis results of intermediate products by FTIR and GC-TOFMS,it can be inferred that the epoxidation fracture of benzene ring is the rate-limiting step of dioxin catalytic degradation *** work gives an in-depth view into the PCDD/Fs removal over VO_(x)-FeO_(x)/TiO_(2) catalysts and could provide guidelines for the rational design of reliable catalysts for industrial applications.

关键词： PCDD/F removal MSWI fue gas VO_(x)-FeO_(x)/TiO_(2) Mechanochemical GC-TOFMS