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Development of an internally braced prosthesis for total talus replacement

World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第3期8卷 221-228页

作者： Markus Regauer Mirjam Lange Kevin Soldan Steffen Peyerl Sebastian Baumbach Wolfgang Bocker Hans Polzer Klinik für Allgemeine Unfall und Wiederherstellungschirurgie Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat München Stryker gmbh

Total loss of talus due to trauma or avascular necrosis,for example,still remains to be a major challenge in foot and ankle surgery with severely limited treatment *** of a custom made total talar prosthesis has shown promising results so *** important factors for long time success are degree of congruence of articular surfaces and ligamentous stability of the ***,our aim was to develop an optimized custom made prosthesis for total talus replacement providing a high level of primary stability.A custom made hemiprosthesis was developed using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging data of the affected and contralateral talus considering the principles and technology for the development of the ***(Stryker).Additionally,four eyelets for fixation of artificial ligaments were added at the correspondent footprints of the most important *** modifications can be provided according to the clinical requirements:A tri-articular hemiprosthesis or a bi-articular hemiprosthesis combined with the tibial component of the *** ankle replacement system.A feasibility study was performed using a fresh frozen human *** range of motion of the ankle was measured and ligamentous stability was evaluated by use of standard X-rays after application of varus,valgus or sagittal stress with 150 *** implantation of the prosthesis was technically possible via an anterior approach to the ankle and using standard *** osteotomies were not *** ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion were measured as 22-0-28 *** anterior displacement of the talus was 6 mm,maximum varus tilt 3 degrees and maximum valgus tilt 2 *** of an internally braced prosthesis for total talus replacement in humans is technically feasible and might be a reasonable procedure in carefully selected cases with no better alternatives left.

关键词： Ankle Avascular necrosis Total loss of talus Prosthesis Hemiprosthesis InternalBrace Talus replacement

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Functional neuroanatomy in panic disorder:Status quo of the research

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第1期7卷 12-33页

作者： Thomas Sobanski Gerd Wagner Department of Psychiatry Psychotherapyand Psychosomatic MedicineThueringen-Kliniken GmbH Psychiatric Brain and Body Research Group Jena Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyJena University Hospital

aim To provide an overview of the current research in the functional neuroanatomy of panic *** Panic disorder(PD) is a frequent psychiatric disease. Gorman et al(1989; 2000) proposed a comprehensive neuroanatomical model of PD, which suggested that fear-and anxiety-related responses are mediated by a so-called "fear network" which is centered in the amygdala and includes the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray region, locus coeruleus and other brainstem sites. We performed a systematic search by the electronic database PubMed. Thereby, the main focus was laid on recent neurofunctional, neurostructural, and neurochemical studies(from the period between January 2012 and April 2016). Within this frame, special attention was given to the emerging field of imaging genetics. RESULTS We noted that many neuroimaging studies have reinforced the role of the "fear network" regions in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. However, recent functional studies suggest abnormal activation mainly in an extended fear network comprising brainstem, anterior and midcingulate cortex(ACC and MCC), insula, and lateral as well as medial parts of the prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, differences in the amygdala activation were not as consistently reported as one would predict from the hypothesis of Gorman et al(2000). Indeed, amygdala hyperactivation seems to strongly depend on stimuli and experimental paradigms, sample heterogeneity and size, as well as on limitations of neuroimaging techniques. Advanced neurochemical studies have substantiated the major role of serotonergic, noradrenergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission in the pathophysiology of PD. However, alterations of GABAergic function in PD are still a matter of debate and also their specificity remains questionable. A promising new research approach is "imaging genetics". Imaging genetic studies are designed to evaluate the impact of genetic variations(polymorphisms) on cerebral function in reg

关键词： Panic disorder Anterior cingulate cortex Amygdala Insula Functional magnetic resonance imaging Diffusion tensor imaging Voxel-based morphometry Imaging genetics Serotonin Noradrenaline

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Effects of a Food Supplement with a Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract on Gut Health and the Microbiome in Humans: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第11期13卷 931-949页

作者： Katharina Knaub Christiane Schön Cynthia G. Suarez Ivo Pischel BioTeSys gmbh Esslingen Germany Finzelberg gmbh & Co. KG Andernach Germany Dr. Ivo Pischel Consulting Rossbach Germany

Background: Based on the scientific and traditional knowledge, benefits for gut and digestive health were expected from Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) extract (WThE) consumption, but no controlled human studies were performed yet to prove the proposed health benefits. Method: The aim of this human randomized, double-blind parallel arm pilot study was to explore the impact of aqueous Wild Thyme extract, a food supplement, in a healthy but overweight study collective (N = 40). In detail, the impact on digestion, gastrointestinal symptoms, gut microbiome, and quality of life by employing an essential oil-free WThE preparation or a matching placebo was investigated. Results: The study results indicate that WThE has the potential to improve gastrointestinal symptoms and increase stool frequency, thus an improved quality of life was observed. The stool microbiome of study collective was characterized by a high Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio. A decrease in the mean Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was seen in WThE group. Conclusion: The data support the potential applications of WThE as a food supplement with benefits on gut health.

关键词： Wild Thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) Extract Gut Health Gut Microbiome Abdominal Comfort Bowel Movement Mental Well-Being Quality of Life

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Experimental study about the influence of adhesive stiffness to the bonding strengths of adhesives for ceramic/metal targets

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第2期12卷 188-200页

作者： W.SEIFERT E.STRASSBURGER S.GREFEN S.SCHAARE Fraunhofer-Institute for High-Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institute(EMI)Am Christianswuhr 279400 KandernGermany Rheinmetall Ballistic Protection gmbh Neuer Weg 2447803 KrefeldGermany

The aim of the investigations presented here was to understand how the stiffness of the adhesive affects the failure of ceramic tiles adhered to metallic backings. The working hypothesis was that varying the adhesive stiffness could have the same effect on the ballistic performance as a variation of the adhesive *** different projectile/target combinations were utilized for ballistic tests in order to generate extremely different loading conditions. With targets consisting of 6 mm aluminum oxide ceramic and 6 mm aluminum backing, complete penetration occurred in each test with 7.62 mm tungsten carbide core AP ammunition at an impact velocity of 940 m/s. In contrast, with ceramic tiles of 20 mm thickness on 13 mm steel backing,no penetration of the ceramic occurred at the impact of a 7.62 mm ball round at 840 m/*** different types of adhesive(high-strength till high-flexible) were tested in both configurations. The elongation of the adhesive layer, the deformation of the metallic backing and the failure of the ceramics were observed by means of a high-speed camera during the projectile/target *** results of the ballistic tests showed that a higher fracture strain caused a larger deformation of the backing compared to adhesives, which exhibit a high tensile strength and low fracture *** experimental results indicate that the damage behavior of the ceramic/metal composites depends on the absolute elongation of the adhesive layer. This can be controlled either by the thickness or the stiffness of the bonding layer.

关键词：氧化物陶瓷粘结层金属靶刚度强度影响实验陶瓷/金属复合材料粘接

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How Safe Are Reduced Doses per Fraction in Target Volumes of 2<sup>nd</sup>to 4<sup>th</sup>Order in the Simultaneous Integrated Boost Irradiation Technique in Head and Neck Carcinoma Patients?

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第2期6卷 213-221页

作者： A. Buchali C. Schroeder C. Boerrnert I. Maekelburg W. Huhnt A. Franzen Department of Radiooncology Ruppiner Kliniken GmbH Neuruppin Germany Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany Department of Otolaryngology Ruppiner Kliniken GmbH Neuruppin Germany

aim: The simultaneous irradiation of target volumes of different total dose levels using intensity modulated radiotherapy leads to reduced doses per fraction and longer treatment times in target volumes of 2nd?to 4th?order. Does the thereby caused reduced biological effectiveness induce an increased recurrence risk? The current work deals with the problem of recurrences of patients with head and neck carcinomas treated either with an intensitiy (IMRT) or with a volumetric modulated (VMAT) irradiation technique. Methods: From October 2002 to September 2014, 699 patients with carcinomas of the head and neck were irradiated using IMRT or VMAT. The median follow up of the patients was 21.9 months (2 to 145 months). Primary tumor regions (1st?order target volume) of 565 patients were treated with doses per fraction of 2 Gy. Accordingly, further 133 target volumes of the primary tumor received reduced doses per fraction. In 1 patient, the lymphatic drainage was treated solely without irradiation of the primary region. For the lympatic drainage, 854 1st?order target volumes were treated with a dose per fraction of 2 Gy. Reduced doses per fraction were applied to further 1780 target volumes. Results: 54 of 699 patients developed a recurrence in the primary tumor region after radio-(chemo) therapy, 4 patients developed a recurrence of the primary tumor and a unilateral recurrence of the lymphatic drainage, 2 patients a recurrence of the primary tumor and a bilateral lymph node recurrence. 18 patients showed an isolated unilateral recurrence and additionally 2 patients a bilateral recurrence of the lymphatic drainage. 619 patients stayed recurrence free. In primary tumor regions, receiving a dose per fraction of 2 Gy 55 patients (9.7%) developed a recurrence, whereas in target volumes receiving a reduced dose per fraction 5 patients (3.8%) developed a recurrence (p < 0.001). In lympatic drainage target volumes receiving a dose per fraction of 2 Gy, 25 target volumes (2.9%) de

关键词： Head and Neck Carcinoma Simultaneous Integrated Boost Technique Dose Painting Dose per Fraction Recurrence Risk

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Update on pathogenesis and predictors of response of therapeutic strategies used in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第44期21卷 12519-12543页

作者： Emilio G Quetglas Zlatan Mujagic Simone Wigge Daniel Keszthelyi Sebastian Wachten Ad Masclee Walter Reinisch Project Strategy and Science Grünenthal GmbH Internal Medicine University of Maastricht Medical Center Translational Science Grünenthal GmbH Molecular Pharmacology Grünenthal GmbH Internal Medicine. Mc Master University

The search for biomarkers that characterize specific aspects of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), has received substantial interest in the past years and is moving forward rapidly with the help of modern technologies. Nevertheless, there is a direct demand to identify adequate biomarkers for predicting and evaluating therapeutic response to different therapies. In this subset, pharmacogenetics deserves more attention as part of the endeavor to provide personalized medicine. The ultimate goal in this area is the adjustment of medication for a patient's specific genetic background and thereby to improve drug efficacy and safety rates. The aim of the following review is to utilize the latest knowledge on immunopathogenesis of IBD and update the findings on the field of Immunology and Genetics, to evaluate the response to the different therapies. In the present article, more than 400 publications were reviewed but finally 287 included based on design, reproducibility(or expectancy to be reproducible and translationable into humans) or already measured in humans. A few testshave shown clinical applicability. Other, i.e., genetic associations for the different therapies in IBD have not yet shown consistent or robust results. In the close future it is anticipated that this, cellular and genetic material, as well as the determination of biomarkers will be implemented in an integrated molecular diagnostic and prognostic approach to manage IBD patients.

关键词： Mucosal immunology Biomarkers Pharmacology Mode of

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Role of fast-setting cements in arthroplasty: A comparative analysis of characteristics

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第12期8卷 881-890页

作者： Neil Ayron Caraan Reinhard Windhager Jason Webb Nadine Zentgraf Klaus-Dieter Kuehn Department of Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Surgery Medical University of Vienna Avon Orthopaedic Centre North Bristol NHS TrustSouthmead Hospital Heraeus Medical gmbh

aim To evaluate the behaviour of two fast-setting polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) cements CMW~? 2 G and Palacos~? fast R + G, as reference: Standard-setting Palacos~? R + *** The fast-setting cements CMW~? 2 G and Palacos~? fast R + G were studied, using standard-setting high viscosity Palacos~? R + G as a reference. Eleven units(of two batch numbers) of each cement were tested. All cements were mixed as specified by the manufacturer and analysed on the following parameters: Handling properties(mixing, waiting, working and hardening phase) according to Kuehn, Mechanical properties according to ISO 5833 and DIN 53435, Fatigue strength according to ISO 16402, Benzoyl Peroxide(BPO)-Content by titration, powder/liquid-ratio by weighing, antibiotic elution profile by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. All tests were done in an acclimatised laboratory with temperatures set at 23.5 ℃± 0.5 ℃ and a humidity of > 40%. RESULTS Palacos~? fast R + G showed slightly shorter handling properties(doughing, hardening phase, n = 12) than CMW~? 2 G, allowing to reduce operative time and to optimise cemented cup implantation. Data of the quasistatic properties of ISO 5833 and DIN 53435 of both cements tested was comparable. The ISO compressive strength(MPa) of Palacos~? fast R + G was significantly higher than CMW~? 2 G, resulting in ANOVA(P < 0.01) and two sample t-test(P < 0.01) at 0.05 level of significance(n = 20). Palacos~? fast R + G showed a higher fatigue strength of about 18% mean(ISO 16402) of 15.3 MPa instead of 13.0 MPa for CMW~? 2 G(n = 5 × 10~6 cycles). Palacos~? fast R + G and CMW~? 2 G differed only by 0.11%(n = 6) with the former having the higher content. The BPO-content of both cements were therefore comparable. CMW~? 2 G had a powder/liquid ratio of 2:1, Palacos~? fast R + G of 2.550:1 due to a higher powder content. Despite its higher gentamicin content, CMW~? 2 G showed a significantly lower antibiotic elution over time than Palacos~? fast R + G(n = 3). CON

关键词： Polymethylmethacrylate Elution Fastsetting Viscosity Antibiotic Fatigue Arthroplasty

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An Equivalence for Both Coulombian and Gravitational Interactions

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Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology 2019年第4期5卷 1068-1089页

作者： Carmine D’Errico Technical Services Department Belden Electronics GmbH Neckartenzlingen Germany

The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate that electromagnetic and gravitational phenomenology are two different expressions of the same interaction that we can call “universal interaction”. In order to reach the aim, it is therefore necessary to imagine the matter in a slightly different way, as well as equivalent, to what has been done until today by the literature everywhere accepted. Even if differently imagined, this proposed structure of matter cannot and must not escape from reflecting the measurements and phenomenologies widely experimented in laboratories all over the world. In the proposed model the proton radius;the electron mass;the Avogadro constant;the existence and the mass of neutron and the existence of neutrino are theoretically derived. The main consequence is therefore a more general rewriting of Newton’s law of universal gravitation. A definitive value for the universal gravitational constant is proposed.

关键词： Gravitational Field Electric Field GUT Classic Theory of Gravitation Proton Radius Neutron Radius Avogadro Constant Electron Mass Neutrino Mass Newtonian Constant of Gravitation Language Constant

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Coupling of 3D Eulerian and Lagrangian Spray Approaches in Industrial Combustion Engine Simulations

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第1期8卷 190-200页

作者： Wilfried Edelbauer A VL List gmbh Hans List Platz 1 Graz AT-8020 Austria

The Lagrangian DDM （discrete droplet model） is state-of-the-art for CFD （computational fluid dynamics） simulations of mixture formation and combustion in industrial engines. A commonly known drawback of the DDM approach is the attenuated validity in the dense spray, where the bulk liquid disintegrates into droplets. There the assumption of single droplets surrounded by a homogenous gas field is not reasonable. In this region, the Eulerian-Eulerian multi-phase approach performs better because instead of parcels the spray is represented by the volume fractions of one bulk liquid and several droplet size class phases. A further drawback of the DDM approach is that increasing the spatial resolution of the computational grid leads to a reduced statistical convergence, since the number of spray parcels per computational cell becomes smaller. It is desirable to combine the benefits of both spray approaches in coupled CFD simulations. Therefore, the dense spray region is simulated separately with the Eulerian spray approach on a highly resolved mesh covering only the region close to the nozzle orifice. The entire engine domain with combustion and emission models is simulated with the Eulerian-Lagrangian spray approach for the dilute spray region. The two simulations are coupled through exchange of boundary conditions and model source terms. An on-line coupling interface manages the data transfer between the two simulation clients, i.e., Eulerian spray and engine client. The aim of this work is to extend the coupled spray approach in terms of exchanging combustion related heat and species sources, and consequently creating the link between Eulerian spray and combustion models. The results show mixture formation and combustion in real-case engine simulations, and demonstrate the feasibility of spray model combination in engineering applications.

关键词： CFD code coupling combustion Eulerian spray Lagrangian spray multi-fluid approach.

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Gold as a Potential Contrast Agent for Dual-Energy CT

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Advances in Molecular Imaging 2013年第4期3卷 37-42页

作者： Radko Krissak Martin Elgert Bjorn Kusch Ralph Hünerbein Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Hufeland Klinikum GmbHBad LangensalzaGermany

Purpose: The K-edge of gold (81 keV) is located within the energy range of diagnostic CT. This might be advantageous for material differentiation in dual-energy CT (DECT). The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the differentiation between iodine or gold and body tissues using DECT at different kV spectra. Methods and Materials: A water filled tank phantom containing specimens with iodine (iopamidol), gold (sodium aurothiomalate), compact bone (compact porcine bone) and porcine muscle was scanned using a dual source CT (Definition, Siemens Healthcare). Consecutive scans were performed at 80 kVp, 100 kVp, 120 kVp and 140 kVp with constant mAs settings. The mean attenuation values of the specimens were measured, and differences in calculated dual-energy ratios (DEratio) between body tissues and iodine or gold were determined for different DE spectra. Results: The attenuation of gold increased compared to 80 kVp at higher kVp-settings, while the attenuation of all other specimens decreased. The calculated DEratios at 80/100 kVp, 80/120 kVp and 80/140 kVp were 1.31, 1.62 and 1.91 for iodine, 0.89, 0.88 and 0.92 for gold, 1.20, 1.39 and 1.45 for compact bone, 1.01, 1.03 and 1.08 for muscle. The differences between the DEratios 80/100 kVp, 80/120 kVp and 80/140 kVp were 0.11, 0.23 and 0.46 for iodine and bone, 0.31, 0.51 and 0.53 for gold and bone, 0.29, 0.59 and 0.83 for iodine and muscle, 0.12, 0.15 and 0.16 for gold and muscle. Conclusion: DEratio of gold remains relatively stable along the energy spectrum of diagnostic CT and allows a reliable material differentiation between gold and bone already at contiguous low tube voltage settings (80 kV and 100 kV). Thus, gold might have a potential as a contrast agent for DECT.

关键词： Gold Computed Tomography Dual-Energy Contrast Agent K-Edge

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