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Evaluating the Impact of the Universal Test and Treat Strategy on the Survival of Patients in the Northwest Region of Cameroon

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World Journal of aids 2024年第3期14卷 45-60页

作者： Emmanuel Mboh Nshom Bereynuy Jude Cholong Kum Kang Walter Khan Eveline Mboh Keng Vitalis Noela F. Ijang Gwendoline Nkenu Nsom Mirabel Mbueh Vifeme Esther Bonje Kuni Monju Johnson Vishi Gladys Enih Fosah Pius Muffih Tih aids Care and Prevention program Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services Bamenda Cameroon Regional Technical Group for the Fight against HIV and AID Northwest Region Cameroon

Introduction: The main outcome of efficiently implemented universal test and treat (UTT) program is improved survival. UTT implementation has been ongoing in Cameroon since 2016 but evaluation data are scarce. This study aims to assess the survival of antiretroviral therapy (ART) patients initiated under UTT in Northwest region of Cameroon. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included HIV-positive patients initiated in 2016 at 27 purposefully selected sites and followed until 2021. Data was anonymously abstracted from ART registers and patients’ charts. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and Cox model were used to compare the survival of patients initiated under UTT with those initiated otherwise, using stata version 14.0. Results: In total, 2490 HIV-positive patients (median age 42.7 years, 94.7% adults, and 69.0% female) participated in the study. Of 1389 patients with viral load (VL) test results, 55% were initiated on ART late. The VL suppression rate of patients initiated late and those initiated early were similar. During follow-up, 1020 (40.9%) participants censored. The survival curves of patients initiated early on ART and those initiated late were similar during the first 2.5 years of follow-up but significantly (p Conclusions: This study confirms the expected impact of UTT. programs only need to close existing implementation gaps along the critical pathways (diagnosis and treatment) of UTT, focusing more on males.

关键词： Universal Test and Treat Viral Load Survival Northwest Cameroon

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Epidemiological and Diagnostic Profile of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus from 2017 to 2021 in Parakou, Republic of Benin

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 147-161页

作者： Khadidjatou Saké Cossi Angelo Attinsounon Aboudou Raϊmi Kpossou Morayo Omm Ani Salami Astrid Alexandrine Hountondji Kofi-Mensa Savi de Tovè Rhonel Ahanhanzo-Glèlè Kpémahoun René Kèkè Sossa Edmond Gbédo Jean Sehonou Nicolas Kodjoh Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Health program to Fight aids Cotonou Benin National program for the Control of Hepatitis Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is a public health problem worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological and diagnostic profile of chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus seen for gastroenterology consultations in Parakou, Republic of Benin. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study with retrospective data collection. Patients seen for gastroenterology consultations from January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2021 at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori (CHUD-B/A) and having been diagnosed as chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus were included. A minimum initial assessment was required to be included. The minimum sample size was calculated with Schwartz formula. The variable of interest was the detection of HBsAg twice and at least 6 months apart. The other variables studied were sociodemographic, clinical and paraclinical data. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS 17 software. Results: A total of 2786 patients were seen for gastroenterology consultations, including 1126 (40.4%) HBsAg-positive patients. Among them, 417 patients met the inclusion criteria and were the subject of the present study. The average age of the patients was 34.8 ± 10.5 years. Two hundred and forty-seven patients (65.7%) were male, representing a sex ratio of 1.9. The discovery of positive HBsAg status was made during systematic screening in 231 patients (55.4%). Scarifications were noted in 373 patients (89.4%). Asthenia was reported in 184 patients (44.1%). Co-infections with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C and D viruses were 0% (0 in 92), 2.8% (4 in 146) and 14.3% (2 in 146), respectively. During the initial assessment, 274 patients (65.7%) were sero-negative for chronic HBeAg infection, 21 (5%) had clinically significant fibrosis including 16 (3.8%) at the stage of cirrhosis and 7 patients (5.4%) had hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusion: In Parakou, chronic hepatitis B virus infection is common and affects young pe

关键词： Chronic Infection HBV Epidemiology Diagnosis Parakou

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Characterization of a New HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form CRF142_BC—Yunnan,China,2015 and 2021

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China CDC weekly 2024年第42期6卷 1080-1085页

作者： Min Chen Huichao Chen Shouxiong Lei Jie Dai Yanling Ma Manhong Jia Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety&Health Laboratory Center Yunnan Center for Disease Control and PreventionKunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina Institute for aids/STD Control and Prevention Yunnan Center for Disease Control and PreventionKunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina Division for aids/STD Control and Prevention Zhaotong Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhaotong CityYunnan ProvinceChina Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety&Institute for aids/STD Control and Prevention Yunnan Center for Disease Control and PreventionKunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina

What is already known about this topic?Recombinant strains dominate the human immunodeficiency virus 1(HIV-1)epidemic in *** Province was the first region in China to report HIV-1 infections in *** long-term HIV-1 epidemic led to the generation of various recombinant *** the 47 circulating recombinant forms(CRFs)reported in China,more than 20 were first identified in Yunnan *** is added by this report?This study reported a previously unrecognized HIV-1 CRF(CRF142_BC)characterized by the insertion of four short subtype B fragments into the subtype C ***142_BC was estimated to have emerged in the mid-1990s,close to the time of the emergence of most known CRF_BCs in *** are the implications for public health practice?The discovery of new CRFs will provide a basis for HIV-1 molecular tracing and intervention *** addition,HIV-1 recombination can alter viral biological *** study of HIV-1 gene variants needs to be intensified.

关键词： properties. China. intensified

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LncRNA NKILA inhibits HBV replication by repressing NF-κB signalling activation

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 44-55页

作者： Xi Zhang Yuanyuan Li Chen Huan Yubao Hou Rujia Liu Hongyun Shi Peng Zhang Baisong Zheng Yingchao Wang Hong Wang Wenyan Zhang Institute of Virology and aids Research The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130012China Department of Ophthalmology The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130012China Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun130012China

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection results in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HBx/nuclear factor(NF)-κB pathway plays a role in HBV ***,whether NF-κB-interacting long noncoding RNA(NKILA),a suppressor of NF-κB activation,regulates HBV replication remains largely *** this study,gain-and-loss experiments showed that NKILA inhibited HBV replication by inhibiting NF-κB *** turn,HBV infection down-regulated NKILA *** addition,expression levels of NKILA were lower in the peripheral blood-derived monocytes(PBMCs)of HBV-positive patients than in healthy individuals,which were correlated with HBV viral *** a negative correlation between NKILA expression level and HBV viral loads was observed in blood serum from HBV-positive *** levels of endogenous NKILA were also observed in HepG2 cells expressing a 1.3-fold HBV genome,HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells,stable HBV-producing HepG2.2.15 and HepAD38 cells,compared to those HBV-negative ***,HBx was required for NKILA-mediated inhibition on HBV *** decreased HBx-induced NF-κB activation by interrupting the interaction between HBx and p65,whereas NKILA mutants lack of essential domains for NF-κB inhibition,lost the ability to inhibit HBV ***,our data demonstrate that NKILA may serve as a suppressor of HBV replication via NF-κB signalling.

关键词： LncRNA NF-κB-interacting longnoncoding RNA(NKILA) NF-ĸB signalling ChronichepatitisBvirus(HBV) Viral replication HBx

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Economic Evaluation of the Comprehensive aids Prevention and Control program—Tianjin Municipality,China,2011-2022

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China CDC weekly 2023年第48期5卷 1067-1072页

作者： Maohe Yu Jianping Wang Jinhua Zhao Yan Guo Jianyun Bai Zhongquan Liu Hui Gong Tielin Ning Minna Zheng Jinyu Hou Zhuang Cui STD&aids Control and Prevention Section Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology of Infectious Disease Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and PreventionTianjinChina Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment Nutrition and Public HealthTianjinChina

What is already known about this topic?Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(aids)represents a significant public health challenge globally,not only inflicting harm on the health of individuals but also placing a considerable economic strain on *** is added by this report?This study represents the inaugural report on the potential reduction in economic burden attributable to human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)prevention strategies in *** 2011 and 2022,it is estimated that effective measures could prevent 2,965 new HIV infections and avert 658 deaths,resulting in an economic benefit of approximately 14.437 billion Chinese *** are the implications for public health practice?The findings of this study offer valuable evidence to inform the development of localized HIV prevention and control strategies,as well as to guide public health policymaking.

关键词： prevention globally Tianjin

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Development of a droplet digital polymerase chain reaction assay for the sensitive detection of total and integrated HIV-1 DNA

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第6期137卷 729-736页

作者： Lin Yuan Zhiying Liu Xin Zhang Feili Wei Shan Guo Na Guo Lifeng Liu Zhenglai Ma Yunxia Ji Rui Wang Xiaofan Lu Zhen Li Wei Xia Hao Wu Tong Zhang Bin Su Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/aids Research Clinical and Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Beijing Institute of Hepatology Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Background:Total human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)DNA and integrated HIV DNA are widely used markers of HIV *** digital polymerase chain reaction(ddPCR)can be used for absolute quantification without needing a standard ***,we developed duplex ddPCR assays to detect and quantify total HIV DNA and integrated HIV ***:The limit of detection,dynamic ranges,sensitivity,and reproducibility were evaluated by plasmid constructs containing both the HIV long terminal repeat(LTR)and human CD3 gene(for total HIV DNA)and ACH-2 cells(for integrated HIV DNA).Forty-two cases on stable suppressive antiretroviral therapy(ART)were assayed in total HIV DNA and integrated HIV *** coefficient analysis was performed on the data related to DNA copies and cluster of differentiation 4 positive(CD4^(+))T-cell counts,CD8^(+)T-cell counts and CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio,*** assay linear dynamic range and lower limit of detection(LLOD)were also ***:The assay could detect the presence of HIV-1 copies 100%at concentrations of 6.3 copies/reaction,and the estimated LLOD of the ddPCR assay was 4.4 HIV DNA copies/reaction(95%confidence intervals[CI]:3.6-6.5 copies/reaction)with linearity over a 5-log_(10)-unit range in total HIV DNA *** the integrated HIV DNA assay,the LLOD was 8.0 copies/reaction(95%CI:5.8-16.6 copies/reaction)with linearity over a 3-log 10-unit *** HIV DNA in CD4^(+)T cells was positively associated with integrated HIV DNA(r=0.76,P<0.0001).Meanwhile,both total HIV DNA and integrated HIV DNA in CD4^(+)T cells were inversely correlated with the ratio of CD4/CD8 but positively correlated with the CD8^(+)T-cell ***:This ddPCR assay can quantify total HIV DNA and integrated HIV DNA efficiently with robustness and *** can be readily adapted for measuring HIV DNA with non-B clades,and it could be beneficial for testing in clinical trials.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus HIV Integrated HIV-1 DNA Total HIV DNA Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction HIV reservoir Antiretroviral therapy

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Advances in technology for the laboratory diagnosis of individuals with HIV/aids coinfected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第3期6卷 133-142页

作者： Jin Sun Xiaoxu Han Hongxia Yan Xin Zhang Taiyi Jiang Tong Zhang Hao Wu Grigory Kaminskiy Yingmin Ma Eduard Karamov Bin Su Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/aids Research Clinical and Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China State Health Organization Tula Regional Center for Control and Prevention of aids and Infectious Diseases Tula 300002Russia Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China Gamaleya National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation Moscow 123098Russia

The high morbidity and mortality rate of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(aids)coinfected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)is a tough challenge for current global tuberculosis prevention and control ***/MTB coinfection is more complex than a single infection,and the interaction between the two diseases aggravates the deterioration caused by the disease,resulting in increased hospitalizations and *** screening and early diagnosis facilitate the timely initiation of anti-tuberculosis treatment in HIV/MTB coinfected individuals,thereby reducing transmission and the incidence of adverse *** date,pathogenic detection has remained the gold standard for diagnosing tuberculosis,but its sensitivity and specificity are greatly affected by the body's immune status,which limits its application in the diagnosis of HIV/MTB ***,immunology and molecular detection technology has developed *** detection technologies,such as interferon-γ release assays,interferon-gamma inducible protein 10,and GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay have overcome the limitations of traditional detection methods,significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of tuberculosis diagnosis,and brought new hope to the detection of HIV/MTB *** this article,the principle,scope of application,and latest research progress of relevant detection methods are reviewed to provide a reference for the early diagnosis of HIV/MTB coinfection.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)coinfection Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) Early diagnosis

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Improving Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Related Cancer Outcomes through International Collaboration

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第5期17卷 326-328页

作者： Mostafa Nokta aids Cancer Clinical program Office of HIV and AIDS Malignancy31 Center DriveRoom3A33BethesodaMD 20892USA

The spectrum of cancers seen in human immunodeficiency virus （HIV）- infected individuals is diverse and complex, and reflects an ever-changing HIV epidemic. In parts of the world where combination antiretroviral therapy （cART） is available, HIV-infected patients are living longer and are less likely to die of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （aids）- defining malignancies within a year or two of developing aids. Despite the fact that the incidence of certain aids-defining malignancies has decreased in the United States （U.S.）,

关键词： aids HIV AMC

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Long noncoding nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1_2 is a promising biomarker for childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus

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Pediatric Investigation 2024年第2期8卷 101-107页

作者： Shipeng Li Xia Wang Xiaozhen Zhao Jianghong Deng Weiying Kuang Junmei Zhang Xiaohua Tan Chao Li Caifeng Li Department of Rheumatology Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Center for Children's HealthBeijingChina Center for Infectious Diseases Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS ResearchBeijingChina

Importance:Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a diffuse connective tissue disease with complex clinical manifestations and prolonged *** early diagnosis and condition monitoring of SLE are crucial to disease ***:To assess the diagnostic value of long noncoding RNA(lncRNA)nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1(NEAT1)in childhood-onset SLE(cSLE).Methods:Fifty-seven children diagnosed with SLE,40 children diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA),and 40 healthy children were *** blood samples from each patient were collected.A quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm the expression of lncNEAT1_1 and lncNEAT1_2 in peripheral *** among parameters were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test or independent sample ***:The expression of both lncNEAT1_1 and lncNEAT1_2 in patients with cSLE were significantly higher than that of healthy control and patients with *** operating characteristic curves revealed an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.633(95%confidence interval[CI],0.524-0.742;P=0.024)for lncNEAT1_*** AUC of lncNEAT1_2 was 0.812(95%CI,0.727-0.897;P<0.0001)to discriminate individuals with cSLE from health control and children with JIA with a sensitivity of 0.622 and a specificity of ***,lncNEAT1_2 expression was higher in patients with cSLE presenting with fever,lupus nephritis,elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate,active disease activity,and decreased C3 level,compared with those without these ***,no similar correlation was observed for lncNEAT1_***:The expression of lncNEAT1_2 was significantly elevated in children with SLE,especially those with fever,renal involvement,and low C3 *** findings suggest that lncNEAT1_2 may represent a potential biomarker for cSLE.

关键词： Biomarker Children LncRNA SLE NEAT1

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CircEPSTI1 in peripheral blood as a novel potential biomarker for childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus

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Rheumatology & Autoimmunity 2024年第1期4卷 20-26页

作者： Xia Wang Shipeng Li Jianghong Deng Weiying Kuang Junmei Zhang Xiaohua Tan Chao Li Caifeng Li Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/aids Research Clinical and Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing You'an HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Rheumatology Beijing Children's HospitalNational Center for Children's HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Background:Circular RNA (circRNA) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases and can be used as a biomarker for diagnosis or disease monitoring. However, reports on circRNA in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate circEPSTI1 expression in cSLE and evaluate its potential as a biomarker for diagnosing ***:This study included 70 children diagnosed with cSLE, 20 diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), 20 diagnosed with juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM), and 50 healthy children at the Rheumatology Department of Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine circEPSTI1 expression in the children. Correlations between circEPSTI1 and clinical features were assessed using Spearman's correlation test. Additionally, we calculated the receiver operating characteristic curve to assess the diagnostic ***:We found that circEPSTI1 expression was higher in children with cSLE (4.62 ± 3.55) than that in healthy children (1.00 ± 0.45), those with JDM (1.06 ± 0.76), and those with JIA (0.96 ± 0.48). The area of the curve of circEPSTI1 was 0.892 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.832-0.952, p < 0.001) to discriminate children with SLE from healthy children, with a specificity of 0.814 and a sensitivity of 0.922. Children with lupus nephritis showed a higher circEPSTI1 expression than healthy children, those with JDM, and those with JIA. In addition, circEPSTI1 expression in children with SLE showed significant correlations with the SLE Disease Activity Index ( p < 0.0001) and C3 concentrations ( p = 0.001). Conclusion:Our study suggests that circEPSTI1 is a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and monitoring of cSLE.

关键词： biomarker circRNA systemic lupus erythematosus

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