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Design, preparation, microstructure and mechanical property of the lightweight radiation-shielding Mg-Ta-Al composites basing differential temperature hot rolling

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JOURNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS 2024年第6期12卷 2433-2446页

作者： Luo, Wenbo Feng, Songya Han, Xiuzhu Zhou, Li Kong, Qinke Xue, Zhiyong Wang, Jianzhao Zhan, Mei Chen, Xianhua Pan, Fusheng North China Elect Power Univ Inst Adv Mat Beijing 102206 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Spacecraft Syst Engn Beijing 100094 Peoples R China Sinosteel Equipment & Engn Co Ltd Beijing 100080 Peoples R China State Key lab Baiyunobo Rare earth Resource Res & Baotou 014030 Inner Mongolia Peoples R China Northwestern Polytech Univ Sch Mat Sci Xian 710072 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Coll Mat Sci & Engn Chongqing 400045 Peoples R China

A novel lightweight, radiation-shielding Mg-Ta-Al layered metal-matrix composite (LMC) was successful designed by doping the extremely refractory metal (Ta) into Mg sheets. These Mg-based LMCs sheets shows excellent radiation-dose shield effect, about 145 krad a - 1 , which is about 17 times of traditional Mg alloy, while its surface density is only about 0.9 g cm - 2 , reducing by 60% than that of pure Ta. The quantitate relationship between radiation-dose and the materials' thickness was also confirmed to the logistic function when the surface density is in the range of 0.6-1.5 g cm - 2 . Meantime, the rolling parameters, interface microstructure and mechanical properties in both as-rolled and annealing treated samples were evaluated. The sheets possess a special dissimilar atoms diffusion transitional zone containing an obvious inter-diffusion Mg-Al interface and the unique micro-corrugated Ta-Al interface, as well as a thin Al film with a thickness of about 10 mu m. The special zone could reduce the stress concentration and enhance the strength of Mg-Ta-Al LMCs. The interface bonding strength reaches up to 54-76 MPa. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (TYS) of the Mg-Ta-Al sheet were high to 413 MPa and 263 MPa, respectively, along with an elongation of 5.8%. The molecular dynamics (MD) analysis results show that the two interfaces exhibit different formation mechanism, the Mg-Al interface primarily depended on Mg/Al atoms diffusion basing point defects movement, while the Ta-Al interface with a micro-interlock pining shape formed by close-packed planes slipping during high temperature strain-induced deformation process. (c) 2024 Chongqing University. Publishing services provided by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Keai Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ ) Peer review under responsibility of Chongqing Universi

关键词： Dissimilar metals composites Mg based alloys Radiation shielding Hot rolling Lightweight. DIFFUSION MAGNESIUM ALLOYS

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Steering surface reconstruction of hybrid metal oxides for efficient oxygen evolution reaction in water splitting and zinc-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 383-393页

作者： Jie Zhu Junxue Chen Xida Li Kun Luo Zewei Xiong Zhiyu Zhou Wenyun Zhu Zhihong Luo Jingbin Huang Yibing Li Key lab of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials Ministry of EducationSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringGuilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541000GuangxiChina The Key laboratory of Rare earth Functional Materials and Applications Zhoukou Normal UniversityZhoukou 466001HenanChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Materials Science and Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164JiangsuChina Wuhan Sunmoon Battery Co. LtdWuhan 430090HubeiChina

Surface reconstruction yields real active species in electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction(OER)conditions;however,rationally regulating reconstruction in a targeted manner for constructing highly active OER electrocatalysts remains a formidable ***,an electrochemical activation strategy with selective etching was utilized to guide the reconstruction process of a hybrid cobalt-molybdenum oxide(CoMoO_(4)/Co_(3)O_(4)@CC)in a favorable direction to improve the OER *** in-situ Raman and multiple ex-situ characterization tools demonstrate that controlled surface reconstruction can be easily achieved through Mo etching,with the formation of a dynamically stable amorphous-crystalline *** calculations together with experimental results reveal that the synergistic effects between amorphous CoOOH and crystalline Co_(3)O_(4) are crucial in enhancing the catalytic ***,the reconstructed CoMoO_(4)/Co_(3)O_(4)@CC exhibits a low overpotential of 250 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) in 1 M KOH,and more importantly it can be practiced in electrolytic water splitting and rechargeable zinc-air batteries devices,achieving ultra-long stability for over 500 and 1200 h,*** work provides a promising route for the construction of high-performance electrocatalysts.

关键词： Electrocatalyst Oxygen evolution reaction Surface reconstruction Selective etching Amorphous-crystalline heterostructures

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Variability and trends of near-surface wind speed over the Tibetan Plateau:The role played by the westerly and Asian monsoon

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 525-536页

作者： Gang-Feng ZHANG Cesar AZORIN-MOLINA Deliang CHEN Tim RMCVICAR Jose AGUIJARRO Kai-Qiang DENG Lorenzo MINOLA Jaeyeon LEE Seok-Woo SON Heng MA Pei-Jun SHI State Key laboratory of earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control of Ministry of Education Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Desertificaci'on Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı'ficas(CIDECSIC-UV-Generalitat alenciana)ClimateAtmosphere and Ocean Laboratory(Climatoc-Lab)Moncada 46113Spain Regional Climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden CSIRO Environment CanberraACT 2600Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes CanberraACT 2600Australia State Meteorological Agency Balearic Islands OfficePalma de Mallorca 07015Spain School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning(DIST) Politecnico and University of TurinTurin 10125Italy School of earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program Princeton UniversityPrinceton NJ 08544USA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics laboratory NOAAPrinceton NJ 08544USA

Near-surface wind speed exerts profound impacts on many environmental issues,while the long-term(≥60 years)trend and multidecadal variability in the wind speed and its underlying causes in global high-elevation and mountainous areas(e.g.,Tibetan Plateau)remain largely ***,by examining homogenized wind speed data from 104 meteorological stations over the Tibetan Plateau for 1961-2020 and ERA5 reanalysis datasets,we investigated the variability and long-term trend in the near-surface wind speed and revealed the role played by the westerly and Asian *** results show that the homogenized annual wind speed displays a decreasing trend(-0.091 m s^(−1)per decade,pained decrease in 1970-2002,and a consistent increase in *** observed decadal variations are likely linked to large-scale atmospheric circulation,and the correlation analysis unveiled a more important role of westerly and East Asian winter monsoon in modulating near-surface wind changes over the Tibetan *** potential physical processes associated with westerly and Asian monsoon changes are in concordance with wind speed change,in terms of overall weakened horizontal air flow(i.e.,geostrophic wind speed),declined vertical thermal and dynamic momentum transfer(i.e.,atmospheric stratification thermal instability and vertical wind shear),and varied Tibetan Plateau *** indicates that to varying degrees these processes may have contributed to the changes in near-surface wind speed over the Tibetan *** study has implications for wind power production and soil wind erosion prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Wind speed Decadal change Atmospheric circulation Physical processes

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Paleo-Mesoarchean sedimentary record in the Dharwar Craton,India:Implications for Archean ocean oxygenation

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 126-154页

作者： G.Harshitha C.Manikyamba M.Santosh Cheng-Xue Yang A.Keshav Krishna V.V.Sesha Sai I.Panduranga Reddy CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute(NGRI) Uppal RoadHyderabad 500007India Department of Geology Osmania UniversityHyderabad 500007India School of earth Science and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Department of earth Science University of AdelaideAdelaide SA5005Australia Yonsei Frontier lab Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Geological Survey of India State UnitNagpurIndia

The early Archean oceans were marked by significant redox changes which have subsequently shaped the earth’s *** chemical sediments of banded Iron and Manganese formations provide important geochemical proxies for these historical shifts in the redox conditions and to trace the ancient sedimentation patterns and *** this study,we investigate the proto-ore of the Archean Mn-formations of the Sandur,Chitradurga and Shimoga greenstone belts of Dharwar Craton of southern Peninsular India,which is geochemically characterised as quartz arenites,Mn-arenites,Fe-arenites,Mn-argillites and *** geochemical systematics suggest their deposition in shallow to deeper shelf in the Archean *** detrital zircon U-Pb systematics of Mn arenites and argillites indicate their maximum depositional age of 3230±52 Ma representing the oldest onset of sedimentation during the Paleo-Mesoarchean timeframe in the Chitradurga Group of Dharwar *** detrital influx proxies suggest variations in sedimentation rates associated with the Archean transgressive-regressive cycles and fluctuating hydrodynamic conditions,together reflecting an increasing trend in the contributions of recycled sediment from Sandur to Chitradurga and Shimoga greenstone *** available detrital zircon ages of the Mn arenites and argillites from these greenstone belts indicate a~600 Ma prolonged period of Mn deposition for which high-T hydrothermal fluids from Archean mid-oceanic ridges supplied the *** trace element compositions of the concordant detrital zircons suggest 3.3-3.1 Ga Dharwar basement TTG/granitoid source which is corroborated by the zircon crystallization temperatures of 690-820℃.The source-normalisedα-dose rates of the detrital zircons signify greater degrees of sediment transport and multi-cycle nature which correspond to the earliest episode of crustal growth in the Indian sub-continent associated with the Mesoarchean Ur supercontinent.T

关键词： Mn-arenites-argillites Dharwar Craton Zircon U-Pb geochronology Passive margin sediments Ocean oxygenation

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Cooperative User-Scheduling and Resource Allocation Optimization for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Enhanced LEO Satellite Communication

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China Communications 2024年第2期21卷 227-244页

作者： Meng Meng Bo Hu Shanzhi Chen Jianyin Zhang State Key lab of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China State Key lab of Wireless Mobile Communication China Academy of Telecommunication TechnologyBeijing 100191China Research Institute of China Mobile Beijing 100053China

Lower earth Orbit(LEO) satellite becomes an important part of complementing terrestrial communication due to its lower orbital altitude and smaller propagation delay than Geostationary satellite. However, the LEO satellite communication system cannot meet the requirements of users when the satellite-terrestrial link is blocked by obstacles. To solve this problem, we introduce Intelligent reflect surface(IRS) for improving the achievable rate of terrestrial users in LEO satellite communication. We investigated joint IRS scheduling, user scheduling, power and bandwidth allocation(JIRPB) optimization algorithm for improving LEO satellite system *** optimization problem of joint user scheduling and resource allocation is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem. To cope with this problem, the nonconvex optimization problem is divided into resource allocation optimization sub-problem and scheduling optimization sub-problem firstly. Second, we optimize the resource allocation sub-problem via alternating direction multiplier method(ADMM) and scheduling sub-problem via Lagrangian dual method ***, we prove that the proposed resource allocation algorithm based ADMM approaches sublinear convergence theoretically. Finally, we demonstrate that the proposed JIRPB optimization algorithm improves the LEO satellite communication system throughput.

关键词： convex optimization intelligent reflecting surface LEO satellite communication OFDM

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A general and facile calcination method to synthesize single-site catalysts for highly efficient electrochemical CO_(2) reduction

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 3895-3901页

作者： Rui Sui Bingyan Wang Yongsheng Wang Jiajing Pei Wei Zhu Wenxing Chen Chunhui Li ailing Sun Zhongbin Zhuang Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare earth Materials Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Energy&Catalysis Center School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)has received widespread attention as a promising method for producing sustainable chemicals and mitigating the global ***,we demonstrate a general and facile synthetic route for the metal-nitrogen-carbon(M-N-C)type catalyst by simply calcinating metal acetate and urea with commercial carbon black,which have potential application in CO_(2)*** synthesized Ni-NC-600 catalyst has the structure of single Ni atom coordinated with one N atom and three C atoms(Ni-N_(1)C_(3)),which is suggested by X-ray absorption *** Ni-NC-600 catalyst exhibits high CO_(2)RR catalytic performance and a high CO Faraday efficiency above 98%in a wide potential range from-0.7 to-1.3 V(*** hydrogen electrode(RHE)),superior to most of the reported Ni-N-C *** work has developed a facile strategy to synthesize high performance CO_(2)RR catalyst.

关键词： nickel single atom catalyst CO_(2)reduction reaction CO production electrocatalyst

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A justice and innovative way ahead of consumption-based emission accounting approach

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Science China earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Qun SHEN Hongbo DUAN Yun TANG Linbing TANG Li SHANG Xinyu DOU Wei WEI Weiqiang CHEN Zhu LIU State Key laboratory of Low Carbon Catalysis and Carbon Dioxide Utilization CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science &Engineering Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Economics & Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key lab of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of earth System Science Tsinghua Univesity

Carbon emission accounting is an important basis for global climate governance. Based on the consumption-based accounting (CBA) method, the characteristics of carbon flow between national, regional, and product processes could be more clearly reflected. Therefore, CBA is more conducive to clarifying the attribution of responsibilities between producers and consumers, with the principles of fairness and justice. By accounting for carbon emissions in typical countries from 1990 to 2019, we found that the CBA emissions are higher than the production-based accounting (PBA) emissions in major developed countries, while the results are reversed for developing countries. In the past 30 years, the CBA emissions in targeted developed countries generally have shown a downward trend, while in developing countries, they have shown an upward trend. CBA emissions in China have shown a continuous growth trend from 1990 to 2019, but the pace has slowed down significantly over the last decade. Meanwhile, the embodied carbon intensity of China’s exports continues to decline, indicating that China is providing more green and low-carbon products to the world. Taking the PV industry as an example, this study further reveals the contribution of specific product industries to the country’s carbon transfer through product carbon footprint analysis. In order to provide a scientific basis for global mitigation and climate governance, it is urgent to innovate a scientific, practical, and standardized CBA technology system.

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Water-soluble chitosan promotes remediation of Pb-contaminated soil by Hylotelephium spectabile

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 109-122页

作者： Bingxin Guo Yiwei Zhang Junxing Yang Tianwei Qian Junmei Guo Xiaona Liu Yuan Jiao Tongbin Chen Guodi Zheng Wenjun Li Fei Qi College of Environmental Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyShanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecological Security in Fenhe River BasinShanxi Engineering Research Center of Low Carbon Remediation for Water and Soil Pollution in Yellow River BasinJinzhong 030600China Center for Environmental Remediation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanxi Transportation Holding Ecological Environment Co. Ltd.Shanxi 030000China Beijing Key lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

Water-soluble chitosan(WSC)has been studied for its ability to mobilize soil Pb and promote the phytoremediation by Hylotelephium spectabile in Pb-contaminated *** aimed to clarify the internal mechanism by which wSC impacts phytoremediation by examining plant growth and Pb accumulation performance of *** as well as the Pb form,functional groups,and mineral phases of Pb-contaminated *** effectively decreased soil pH and activated Pb migration in rhizosphere soils,with a considerable increase in water-soluble and acid-extractable Pb by 29%-102%and 9%-65%,respectively,and a clear decreasing trend in reducible and oxidizable ***-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed a significant increase in amino and hydroxyl groups in the soil generated by *** coordination of Pb with amino and hydroxyl groups may play an important role in the formation of Pb complexes and activation of Pb in *** field trials,the application of WSC significantly increased Pb accumulation in *** by 125.44%,reaching 92 g/hm^(2).Moreover,the organic matter and nitrogen in the soils were increased by WSc,which improved the growth conditions of *** obvious growth inhibition was observed in either the pot or field ***,WSC is a promising chelating agent for mobilizing Pb in ***,WSC can be potentially used to boost ***-mediated phytoremediation of Pb-contaminatedfarmland.

关键词： Phytoremediation Pb-contaminated soil Water-soluble chitosan Hylotelephium spectabile Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Deep Learning for Seasonal Precipitation Prediction over China

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2022年第2期36卷 271-281页

作者： Weixin JIN Yong LUO Tongwen WU Xiaomeng HUANG Wei XUE Chaoqing YU Department of earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System ModelingInstitute for Global Change StudiesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 Beijing Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081 ai for earth lab the Joint Laboratory of Cross-Strait Tsinghua Research InstituteXiamen 361006

Despite significant progress having been made in recent years,the forecast skill for seasonal precipitation over China remains *** this study,a deep-learning-based statistical prediction model for seasonal precipitation over China was *** model was trained to learn the distribution of the seasonal precipitation using simultaneous general circulation ***,it was pre-trained with the hindcasts of several general circulation models(GCMs),and evaluation of the test set suggested that the pre-trained model could basically reproduce the GCM-predicted precipitation,with the anomaly pattern correlation coefficients(PCCs)greater than ***,transfer learning was applied by using ECMWF Reanalysis v5(ERA5)data and gridded precipitation observational data over China,to further correct the systemic errors in the *** a result,using general circulation fields from reanalysis as the input,this hybrid model performed reasonably well in simulating the seasonal precipitation over China,with the PCC reaching *** addition,the results using the circulation fields predicted by GCMs as the input were also *** general,the proposed model improves the PCC over China by 0.10-0.13,as compared to the raw GCM outputs,for lead times of 1-4 *** deep learning model has been used at the National Climate Center of China Meteorological Administration for the past two years to provide guidance for summer precipitation prediction over China and has performed extremely well.

关键词： seasonal precipitation seasonal prediction statistical downscaling deep learning

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Beyond microbial carbon use efficiency

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 33-35页

作者： Ke-Qing Xiao Chao Liang Zimeng Wang Jingjing Peng Yao Zhao Ming Zhang Mingyu Zhao Shuiqing Chen Yong-Guan Zhu Caroline L.Peacock State Key lab of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University State Key laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences State Key laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Resources and Environment Huazhong Agricultural University Key laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences School of earth and Environment University of Leeds

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE)is defined as the proportion of microbial biomass growth C versus substrate C uptake, and thus provides a useful measure of microbially driven accumulation and loss of soil organic carbon (SOC)[1]. In a recent study published in Nature [2],the authors used a data-driven machinelearning approach to conclude that CUE promotes global SOC storage based on a positive correlation between CUE and SOC content and that, based on sensitivity analysis, CUE is at least four times as important as six other evaluated factors,namely plant C inputs, C input allocation, non-microbial C transfer, substrate decomposability, environmental modifications and vertical transport.

关键词： SOIL-CARBON ORGANIC-MATTER

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