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THERMAL PERFORMAnCE OF An extensiVE GREEn ROOF UndeR SEMI-ARID COnDITIOnS In CEnTRAL ARGEnTInA

Journal of Green Building 2021年第1期16卷 17-42页

作者： Lelia Imhof Edgardo Suárez natalia Cáceres Federico Robbiati Cecilia Cáceres Alejandra Broilo Lucila Pellizari Mario Suárez Emmanuel Hick Evangelina Matoff Leonardo Galetto IRnASUS(Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias-Facultad de Arquitectura Universidad Católica de Córdoba-CONICET Instituto de Etiquetación Edilicia Urbana Colegio de Arquitectos de la Provincia de Córdoba departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecología Facultad de Ciencias ExactasFísicas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de Córdoba e Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal(CONICET-UNC) aer inta agencia de extensión rural Presidente Roca esquina La CoruñaCórdoba

extensive green roofs improve the provision of ecosystem services in urban environ-ments,particularly in semiarid *** aim of this paper is to compare their thermal performance during six months between two rooms,one with a green roof and the other with a conventional roof,in Córdoba(Argentina).The room with a green(planting)roof showed a lower inside surface temperature since the begin-ning of the study than the control room(between 5-6°C of difference).During the selected period,the indicators such as temperature amplitude(the difference between the maximum and the average temperature)and the anti-interference characteristics of the layers to the outdoor air temperature are produced a better performance for the green roof compared to the conventional *** pattern of a better perfor-mance was consistent across the study for the green roof,characterized by a higher cooling and warming of the roof surface during the day and night,*** green roof was more effective at blocking an upward heat flux during the day and suppressing heat loss during the ***,conductive flux and climatic conditions seem to dominate the thermal performance of green roofs in areas with semiarid climate conditions.

关键词： thermal performance extensive green roofs semiarid region

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Plant cover as an estimator of above-ground biomass in semi-arid woody vegetation in northeast Patagonia,Argentina

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第9期13卷 918-933页

作者： Laura B RODRIGUEZ Silvia S TORRES ROBLES Marcelo F ARTURI Juan M ZEBERIO Andrés C H GRAnD néstor I GASPARRI national University of Río negro Atlantic HeadquartersCenter for Environmental Studies from Norpatagonia(CEANPa)Viedma 8500Argentina national Council of Scientific and Technical Research(COnICET) Viedma 8500Argentina Ecological and Environmental Systems Research Laboratory(LISEA) National University of La PlataLa Plata 1900Argentina national Institute of Agricultural Technology(inta) AER PatagonesCarmen de Patagones 8504Argentina Institute of Regional Ecology(IER) National University of Tucumán(UNT)-National Council of Scientific and Technical Research(CONICET)Tucumán 4000Argentina Faculty of natural Sciences and Miguel Lillo Institute National University of Tucumán(UNT)Yerba Buena 4107Argentina

The quantification of carbon storage in vegetation biomass is a crucial factor in the estimation and mitigation of CO2 ***,arid and semi-arid regions are considered an important carbon ***,they have received limited attention and,therefore,it should be a priority to develop tools to quantify biomass at the local and regional *** plant variables,such as stem diameter and crown area,were reported to be good predictors of individual plant ***-level variables,such as plant cover and mean height,are also easy-to-measure estimators of above-ground biomass(AGB)in dry *** this study,we estimated the AGB in semi-arid woody vegetation in northeast Patagonia,*** evaluated whether the AGB at the stand level can be estimated based on plant cover and to what extent the estimation accuracy can be improved by the inclusion of other field-measured structure *** also evaluated whether remote sensing technologies can be used to reliably estimate and map the regional mean *** this purpose,we analyzed the relationships between field-measured woody vegetation structure variables and AGB as well as LAnDSAT TM-derived *** obtained a model-based ratio estimate of regional mean AGB and its standard *** plant cover allowed us to obtain a reliable estimation of local AGB,and no better fit was attained by the inclusion of other structure *** stand-level plant cover ranged between 18.7%and 95.2%and AGB between about 2.0 and 70.8 Mg/hm^(2).AGB based on total plant cover was well estimated from LAnDSAT TM bands 2 and 3,which facilitated a model-based ratio estimate of the regional mean AGB(approximately 12.0 Mg/hm^(2))and its sampling error(about 30.0%).The mean AGB of woody vegetation can greatly contribute to carbon storage in semi-arid ***,plant cover estimation by remote sensing images could be used to obtain regional estimates and map biomass,as well as to assess and monitor the i

关键词： above-ground biomass shrublands ratio estimation carbon storage remote sensing Patagonia

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2000万元地震捐款流向

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经营者(汽车商业评论) 2014年第2期 28-31页

作者：刘宝华 aer

奔驰雅安援建项目涵盖医药卫生、教育、扶贫、动物与环境保护多个领域,集中展现了跨国企业融入中国社会的责任与爱心圣诞节原本对小学校长李元武来说可有可无。相比耶稣,经历过地震的雅安人跟死神更熟络些。地震后,学校搬到了临时板房,... 详细信息

奔驰雅安援建项目涵盖医药卫生、教育、扶贫、动物与环境保护多个领域,集中展现了跨国企业融入中国社会的责任与爱心圣诞节原本对小学校长李元武来说可有可无。相比耶稣,经历过地震的雅安人跟死神更熟络些。地震后,学校搬到了临时板房,冬冷夏热,没有操场,更别说文体器械、音乐教室、多媒体教室。学生宿舍不够用,六年级女生李娇家住学校对面山上,为了不跟低年级同学争抢数量有限的板房宿舍,每天来回走4小时山路上学。

关键词：捐款板房地震

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Steroidal Plant Growth Promoters vs. Phytopathogens, via Enzymatic Regulation;An in <i>Silico</i>Approach

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2021年第4期9卷 55-71页

作者： Alan Carrasco-Carballo Emiliano Marín-Merino Penélope Merino-Montiel Blanca Colin-Lozano Sandra Luz Cabrera Hilerio Jazmin Ciciolil Hilario-Martínez Jesús Sandoval-Ramírez Laboratorio de Elucidación y Síntesis en Química Orgánica Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México Laboratorio de Síntesis y Modificación de Productos naturales Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México Laboratorio de Bromatología Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Puebla México 4Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza UNAM CDMX México Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza UNAM CDMX México

Steroidal plant growth promoters (SPGP) have been continuously studied due to their high activity increasing biomass and resistance to diverse stress factors. In our hands, a new SPGP family of 22-oxocholestanic comp... 详细信息

n-left:10.0pt;"> Steroidal plant growth promoters (SPGP) have been continuously studied due to their high activity increasing biomass and resistance to diverse stress factors. In our hands, a new SPGP family of 22-oxocholestanic compounds stands out at a comparative level to brassinosteroids (BSs). The potential activity of new SPGP against phytopathogens was studied through in silico molecular docking, these assays were performed with relevant ensymes of phytopatogens Chitinase B and 1,3-n>β-Glucanase. Nine Chitinase B inhibitors and two 1,3-β-Glucanase inhibitors were proposed. The launched study analyzed the interactional and spatial level, determining the presence of interactions with key amino acids in receptors in comparison to reference inhibitors. Even more, the AVR4 and ECP6 effectors were also examined. No compound that blocks ECP6 was found;due to, probably, the influence of its highly hydrophilic environment. In the case of AVR4, two SPGP showed a better docking score (DS) than a chitin fragment (endogenous ligand);this fact demonstrates the latent potential of the 22-oxocholestanic derivatives against phytopathogens, with a specific regulation via proliferation inhibition. Moreover, this SPGP does not affect the symbiotic fungi that are beneficial for the natural plant system.

关键词： 22-Oxocholestanes Brassinosteroids Chitinase B 1 3-β-Glucanase ARV4 ECP6

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novel Protease from Aspergillus tamarii URM4634: Production and Characterization Using Inexpensive Agroindustrial Substrates by Solid-State Fermentation

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2016年第4期4卷 125-143页

作者： Osmar Soares da Silva Rodrigo Lira de Oliveira Cristina Maria Souza-Motta Ana Lúcia Figueiredo Porto Tatiana Souza Porto northeast Biotechnology network/REnORBIO Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) Recife Brazil Academic Unity of Garanhuns/UAG Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) Garanhuns Brazil department Mycology Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE) Recife Brazil department of Morphology Physiology Animal/DMFA Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) Recife Brazil

This study reports the protease production from Aspergillus tamarii using agroindustrial residues as substrate for solid-state fermentation (SSF) and biochemical characterization. The highest protease production was obtained using wheat bran as substrate at 72 h fermentation with maximum proteolytic activity of 401.42 U/mL, collagenase of 243.0 U/mL and keratinase of 19.1 U/mL. The protease exhibited KM = 18.7 mg/mL and Vmax = 28.5 mg/mL/min. The optimal pH was 8.0 and stable in a wide pH range (5.0 - 11.0) during 24 h. The optimum temperature was 40°C. The proteolytic activity was inhibited by Cu2+ (33.98%) and Hg2+ (22.69%). The enzyme was also inhibited by PMSF (65.11%), indicating that is a Serine Protease. These properties suggest that alkaline protease from A. tamarii URM4634 is suitable for application in food industries and leather processing. Additionally, the present findings opened new vistas in the utilization of wheat bran and other effective agroindustrial wastes as substrates for SSF.

关键词： Protease Aspergillus tamarii Biochemical Characterization Solid-State Fermentation Agroindustrial Waste

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Isolation and Screening of Filamentous Fungi Producing Extracellular Lipase with Potential in Biodiesel Production

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2015年第4期3卷 101-114页

作者： Sabrina Moro Villela Pacheco Américo Cruz Júnior Ayres Ferreira Morgado Agenor Furigo Júnior Onyetugo Chioma Amadi José Manuel Guisán Benevides Pessela department of Food and Chemistry Engineering University Campus UFSC Florianópolis Brazil department of Microbiology Faculty of Biological Science University of Nigeria Enugu Nigeria departamento de Biocatálises Enzimática Instituto de Catalisis y Petroleoquimica ICP (CSIC-UAM) C/Marie Curie 2 Cantoblanco Campus de la Univerisdad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Espa&ntilde a Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación CIAL (CSIC-UAM) C/Nicolás Cabrera 9 Cantoblanco Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Madrid Espa&ntilde a departamento de Engenharia e Tecnologías Instituto Superior Politécnico de Tecnología e de Ciências ISPTEC Luanda Sul Talatona República de Angola

nineteen fungal strains were isolated from a chicken slaughterhouse effluent and within those, only one showed high values of lipolytic activity in submerged cultures. This fungus was identified as Trametes hirsuta. The crude extract was immobilized in chitosan/clay beads, with an immobilization yield of 80.9%. The analyses of the crude extract and the immobilized derivative at different temperatures, pH (s), solvents, metallic ions and storage showed that the immobilization process increased the enzyme life span. Ethyl esters were obtained in solvent free systems using chicken viscera oil and the enzyme crude extract. For effective comparison, a reaction using viscera oil and commercial lipase novozym 435 was carried out. The result revealed 35% and 28% esters conversion in the reactions containing chicken viscera oil, using novozym 435 and the crude extract respectively. The extract was also used in a reaction with soybean oil, traditionally used as starting substrate for biodiesel production.

关键词： Biodiesel Production Trametes Hirsuta Lipase

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Secondary Metabolites of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Biological Alternative for the Control of Agricultural Pests and Disease: Present and Perspectives

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-15页

作者： nallely San Juan-Maldonado Silvia Rodríguez-navarro Alejandro Angel-Cuapio José norberto Vásquez Bonilla Juan Esteban Barranco-Florido departamento de Producció n Agr&#237cola y Animal Universidad Aut&#243noma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco Ciudad de M&#233xico M&#233xico Divisió n de Ingenier&#237a Qu&#237mica y Bioqu&#237mica Tecnol&#243gico Nacional de M&#233xico/TES de Ecatepec Ecatepec de Morelos M&#233xico departamento de Sistemas Bioló gicos Universidad Aut&#243noma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco Ciudad de M&#233xico M&#233xico

The use of entomopathogenic fungi (EF) in recent years has been highly effective against the different orders of insects considered pests of agricultural importance and their conidia have been commonly applied, but it has been reported that these are sensitive to the environmental conditions. For this reason, biopesticides products have been formulated based on secondary metabolites, recently. These biomolecules participate as biological control agent, such as: cyclic depsipeptides, amino acids, polyketides, polyphenols and terpenoids, affecting their morphology, life cycle and insect behavior. The use of secondary metabolites of entomopathogenic fungi opens the possibility of application in a more efficient way for the control of agricultural pests in a compatible with the environment and human health;therefore, it is important to know, analyzing the type of molecules, their effects, and their different methods of application.

关键词： Secondary Metabolites Entomopathogenic Fungi Biological Control Agent

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Enzymes of Entomopathogenic Fungi, Advances and Insights

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2014年第2期2卷 65-76页

作者： Lluvia de Carolina Sánchez-Pérez Juan Esteban Barranco-Florido Silvia Rodríguez-navarro José Francisco Cervantes-Mayagoitia Miguel ángel Ramos-López departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México City México departamento de Sistemas Biológicos Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana México City México Facultad de Química Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro Querétaro México

Entomopathogenic fungi (EF) are recognized biological control agents of insects. Basically, the entomopathogenic fungi pathogen activity depends on the ability of its enzymatic equipment, consisting of lipases, proteases and chitinases, which are in charge of breaking down the insect’s integument. Lipases are the first enzymes synthesized by the entomopathogenic fungi. Recently, a cytochrome P450 subfamily, referred as CYP52XI and MrCYP52 has been identified in Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium robertsii, respectively. These break down long-chain alkenes and fatty acids to become initial nutrients. Subsequently, subtilisin type (Pr1) proteases sintetize;these enzymes are considered as virulence indicators and they are regulated by a signal transduction mechanism activated by the protein kinase A (PKA) mediated by AMPc. Through the employment of genetic engineering, it has been possible to increase virulence producing Pr1 recombinants with Androctonus australis neurotoxins or with chitinases, reducing the insect’s time of death. In the course of time, the Pr1 protease gene has presented evolutionary adaptations by gene duplication or horizontal transfer infecting different orders of insects. In the same way, the entomopathogenic fungi chitinases have presented a functional diversification. Currently, these have been phylogenetically classified into three subgroups, in accordance to the catalytic site domain and the chitin binding domain. The chitinolytic activity has increased through a directed evolution processes and genetic recombination with Bombyx mori chitinase. Recently, enzymes have been employed as control agents for insects and phytopathogenic fungi (disease originator) opening new potentialities in order to improve the entomopathogenic fungi use. Solid state fermentation is a bioprocess that would produce at great scale enzymes and some other metabolites in grade of increasing the entomopathogenic fungi virulence, in the control of insects and potentially

关键词： Lipases Proteases Chitinases Host Evolution Biocontrol Agent

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Assessment of Beauveria bassiana and Their Enzymatic Extracts against Metamasius spinolae and Cyclocephala lunulata in Laboratory

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2016年第3期4卷 98-112页

作者： Lluvia Sánchez-Pérez Silvia Rodríguez-navarro Victor Hugo Marín-Cruz Miguel Ángel Ramos-López Alejandro Palma Ramos Juan Esteban Barranco-Florido Masters Program in Agricultural Sciences Division of Biological and Health Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco Coyoacán México departament of Agricultural and Animal Production Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco Coyoacán México Faculty of Chemistry Autonomous University of Queretaro Santiago de Querétaro México department of Biological Systems Metropolitan Autonomous University-Xochimilco Coyoacán México

The application of enzymatic extracts and conidia of Beauveria bassiana in Metamasius spinolae and Cyclocephala lunulata was evaluated. The variables were mortality and time of death. In M. spinolae, mortality with extracts 29%, conidia 27% and the combination of both 31%, all had a time of death of four days. Although with different symptoms, used enzymatic extracts: contraction and softening of the joints;by conidia: mycelium in the joints;in the combination of conidia and enzymatic extracts: abundant aerial mycelium. In C. lunulata, 100% mortality in all treatments;Time of death: enzymatic extracts and extracts with conidia 1.2 days;conidia 2.8 days. Symptoms were different, enzymatic extracts: melanization and internal tissue lysis;enzymatic extract and conidia: mycelium emerged and melanization;conidia: mycelium emerged. Enzymatic extracts showed insecticidal activity in M. spinolae and C. lunulata. These results suggest the potential of enzymatic extracts as biocontrol agents to improve the use of entomopathogenic fungi.

关键词： Insecticidal Activity Beauveria bassiana Metamasius spinolae Cyclocephala lunulata Enzymatic Extracts

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Molecular and Chemical Analyses of Cyanobacterial Blooms in Tropical Lagoons from Southeast Brazil

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第1期7卷 50-71页

作者： Luciana Mecatti Elias Maria Estela Silva-Stenico Danillo Oliveira Alvarenga Janaina Rigonato Marli Fátima Fiore Simone Possedente de Lira department of Exact Sciences Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” Universidade de Sao Paulo Piracicaba Brazil Centro de Energia nuclear na Agricultura Universidade de Sao Paulo Piracicaba Brazil

The genetic diversity and the potential toxicity of bloom-forming cyanobacteria were studied in four lagoons located in the state of Sao Paulo (Campinas, Limeira and Piracicaba cities). Bloom samples were collected on the water surface and cyanobacterial communities were evaluated using DGGE fingerprinting and 16S rDnA clone library. The amplification of genes encoding secondary metabolites such as microcystin (mcy), anatoxin (ana), cylindrospermopsin (cyr), saxitoxin (sxt), cyanopeptolin (mcn) and aeruginosin (aer) was performed and their production analyzed by LC-MS. The comparison of DGGE banding pattern among the different water samples suggested that some operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in these locations were predominant over others. The 16S rDnA clone libraries sequences matched with nine different known cyanobacterial genera available in nCBI, identified as Anabaena, Brasilonema, Cylindrospermopsis, Limnococcus, Microcystis, nostoc, Pseudanabaena, Synechococcus and Woronichinia. The lagoons ESALQ2, Taquaral and Limeira had more than 80% of the cyanobacterial community assigned to the genus Microcystis. Genes encoding aeruginosin, cyanopeptolin and microcystin synthetases and saxitoxin synthase were amplified, and LC-MS/MS confirmed the production of aeruginosin, cyanopeptolin and microcystin. Rapid and sensitive methods for the detection of these secondary metabolites, especially toxins, using chemical and molecular tools together, can be used for a faster diagnostic of toxic cyanobacterial blooms.

关键词： Cyanobacteria Bloom Cyanotoxins Lagoons Microcystis

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