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Maxillofacial Surgery Education: Where Is It Heading?

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Health 2024年第5期16卷 405-424页

作者： Carlos Aurelio Andreucci Mechanical Engineering Department LAETA (Associate Laboratory of Energy Transports and Aerospace) Porto Portugal

Oral and maxillofacial surgery have a long history dating back to ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians. Since then, surgeons have treated craniofacial trauma and alveolodental fractures. In 1846, Hullihen performed a mandibular body osteotomy to correct prognathism, marking a significant milestone in the field. Over time, the specialty has evolved significantly. The field of craniofacial surgery has undergone several phases, including its involvement in conflicts during world wars and the treatment of craniofacial fractures and discrepancies. The process of learning and teaching specialties has evolved differently in various countries throughout the 20th century. Currently, there is no uniformity in the training and registration of specialized professionals, resulting in distinct scenarios. Considering the accessibility of scientific knowledge through technology and globalization, it is crucial to provide an objective overview of the current state of education in the field. This paper focuses on effective professional training as the primary subject of residency courses in this specialty. A proposal is presented for education, emphasizing the significance of providing quality professional training that is tailored to the specific legislation of each country.

关键词： Maxillofacial Surgery Medical Residency OMS Education OMS Specialization

Fluid dynamics performance of phase change material particles in a Wurster spout–fluid bed

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 163-175页

作者： Rui Correia Bruna Barbon Paulob Ana Silvia Pratab Almerindo D. Ferreira adai-laeta Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Coimbra3030-78& CoimbraPortugal Department of Food Engineering School of Food EngineeringStare University of Campinas80 Monteiro Lobato Street13083-862CampinasBrazil

Spout–fluid-bed coating of solid–lipid materials, including some Phase Change Materials (PCMs), is a rarely used approach because of the probability of a phase change during the process. However, if mastered, this process could enable the commercialization of high-load PCM particles to develop new materials. An understanding of the thermal and fluid dynamics profiles inside a reactor can be used to establish optimized coating conditions, to avoid premature PCM melting and to maximize the drying rate. This research studies, through computational simulation, the behavior of particles and the experimental thermal profile inside a Wurster spout–fluid bed. A simplified model approach of momentum was simulated using OpenFOAM and carnauba wax particles as a PCM material. The simulation showed that appropriate flow conditions inside the Wurster tube must vary between 200 and 300 m3/h to ensure a better particle coating. The measured experimental thermal profile was uniform in the reactor and it was 5–10 °C lower than the set temperature. Thus, a maximum airflow at 70 °C that was used in the equipment is considered suitable for the further coating of PCM particles. The methodology proved useful for the preliminary identification of flow and temperature conditions in the spout–fluid process.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics OpenFOAM Simulation Carnauba wax

The role of physical properties in explosive welding of copper to stainless steel

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第4期22卷 88-98页

作者： G.H.S.F.L.Carvalho I.Galvao R.Mendes R.M.Leal A.B.Moreira A.Loureiro Univ Coimbra CEMMPREDepartamento de Engenharia Mec^anicaRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal Department of Industrial Engineering University of FirenzeVia di Santa Marta 350139FirenzeItaly ISEL Departamento de Engenharia Mec^anicaInstituto Politecnico de LisboaRua Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 11959-007LisboaPortugal Univ Coimbra ADAILEDAPDepartamento de Engenharia Mec^anicaRua Luís Reis Santos3030-788CoimbraPortugal LIDA-ESAD.CR Instituto Politecnico de LeiriaRua Isidoro Inacio Alves de Carvalho2500-321Caldas da RainhaPortugal Univ.Porto LAETA/INEGIDept.Eng.Metalúrgica e de MateriaisR.Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465PortoPortugal

This paper investigates the effects of the physical properties on the microstructure and weldability of explosive welding by joining two metals with a significant contrast in thermophysical properties:stainless steel and *** welds between stainless steel and copper were obtained,and the interfacial morphology was wavy,regardless of the position of the *** weldability of dissimilar pairs was found to be more dependent on the relationship between the physical properties of the base materials than on the absolute value of the material *** there is a significant difference in thermal conductivity between the flyer and the base plate,together with a material with a low melting temperature,the weldability of the pair is often *** relative position of the plates affects the interfacial microstructure even when similar morphologies are *** the metallic pairs studied,the wave size was bigger for the configuration in which the ratio between the density of the flyer and the density of the base plate is *** same phenomenon was observed for the impedance:bigger waves were found for a smaller ratio between the impedance of the flyer and the impedance of the base plate.

关键词： Explosive welding Solid-state Copper-stainless steel Dissimilar Interface morphology Weldability

Basic density, extractive content and moisture sorption properties of Pinus pinaster wood infected with the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第1期26卷 233-240页

作者： Valeria Reva Luís Fonseca José L.Lousada Isabel Abrantes António R.Figueiredo Domingos X.Viegas Centre of Forest Fire Studies Association for the Development of Industrial Aerodynamics(CEIF/ADAI) Rua Pedro Hispano CFE-Centre for Functional Ecology Department of Life SciencesUniversity of Coimbra Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment Biological Sciences(CITAB) UTADQuinta dos Prados Apartado

The pinewood nematode（PWN）, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, has become one of the most severe threats to pine forest worldwide. Nematodes, migrating through resin canals and feeding on the living cells, induce rapid metabolic changes in ray parenchyma cells, create cavitation areas, decrease xylem water content and oleoresin exudation, and cause necrosis of parenchyma and cambial cells. This study focused on the impact of PWN infection on technological parameters of wood and evaluated the impact of anatomic and biochemical incidences of tree defense reactions on basic density, extractive content and moisture sorption properties of Pinus pinaster *** of infected and uninfected wood were *** presence of nematodes reduced wood basic density by2 % and decreased the total content of extractives in infected wood as compared with uninfected（5.98 and8.90 % of dry wood mass, respectively）. Extractives in infected trees had inverse distribution along the trunk as compared with uninfected trees. The adsorption isotherms for infected and uninfected wood had similar *** recorded differences（some statistically significant） in the equilibrium moisture content of infected and uninfected wood under varying environmental conditions. Despite the verified differences in wood basic density, extractive content and moisture sorption properties, the overall conclusion is that the PWN had a slight impact on these characteristics of wood.

关键词： Pinewood nematode Wood density Extractives Equilibrium moisture content Economic impact

Seismic performance of composite moment-resisting frames achieved with sustainable CFST members

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第3期10卷 312-332页

作者： A. SILVA Y. JIANG L. MACEDO J. M. CASTRO R. MONTEIRO N. SILVESTRE Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto 4099-002 Portugal Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori di Pavia Pavia 27100 Italy IDMEC LAETA Department of Mechanical Engineering Instituto Superior Tecnico Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa 1649-004 Portugal

The main objective of the research presented in this paper is to study the bending behaviour of Concrete Filled Steel Tube （CFST） columns made with Rubberized Concrete （RuC）, and to assess the seismic performance of moment-resisting frames with these structural members. The paper describes an experimental campaign where a total of 36 specimens were tested, resorting to a novel testing setup, aimed at reducing both the preparation time and cost of the test specimens. Different geometrical and material parameters were considered, namely cross-section type, cross-section slenderness, aggregate replacement ratio, axial load level and lateral loading type. The members were tested under both monotonic and cyclic lateral loading, with different levels of applied axial loading. The test results show that the bending behaviour of CFST elements is highly dependent on the steel tube properties and that the type of infill does not have a significant influence on the flexural behaviour of the member. It is also found that Eurocode 4 is conservative in predicting the flexural capacity of the tested specimens. Additionally, it was found that the seismic design of composite moment- resisting frames with CFST columns, according to Eurocode 8, not only leads to lighter design solutions but also to enhanced seismic performance in comparison to steel frames.

关键词： concrete filled steel tubes rubberized concrete composite frames seismic performance assessment

A novel color image encryption algorithm based on a fractional-order discrete chaotic neural network and DNA sequence operations

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020年第6期21卷 866-879页

作者： Li-ping CHEN Hao YIN Li-guo YUAN António M.LOPES J.A.Tenreiro MACHADO Ran-chao WU School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China College of Mathematics and Informatics South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China UISPA–laeta/INEGI Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of PortoRua Dr.Roberto FriasPorto 4200-465Portugal Department of Electrical Engineering Polytechnic Institute of PortoR.Dr.António Bernardino de Almeida431Porto 4249-015Portugal School of Mathematical Sciences Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

A novel color image encryption algorithm based on dynamic deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)encoding and chaos is presented.A three-neuron fractional-order discrete Hopfield neural network(FODHNN)is employed as a pseudo-random chaotic sequence *** initial value is obtained with the secret key generated by a fiveparameter external key and a hash code of the plain *** external key includes both the FODHNN discrete step size and *** hash is computed with the SHA-2 *** ensures a large secret key space and improves the algorithm sensitivity to the plain ***,a new three-dimensional projection confusion method is proposed to scramble the pixels among red,green,and blue color *** encoding and diffusion are used to diffuse the image ***-random sequences generated by FODHNN are employed to determine the encoding rules for each pixel and to ensure the diversity of the encoding ***,confusion II and XOR are used to ensure the security of the *** results and the security analysis show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than those reported in the literature and can resist typical attacks.

关键词： Fractional-order discrete systems Neural networks Deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)encryption Color image encryption

Control of Indoor Swimming Pools with Potential for Demand Response

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2014年第1期8卷 20-26页

作者： Eliseu Manuel Artilheiro Ribeiro Humberto Manuel Matos Jorge Divo Augusto Alegria Quintelaa School of Technology and Management Polytechnic Institute of Leiria Leiria 2411-901 Portugal INESCC (Institute for Systems and Computers Engineering of Coimbra) Coimbra 3000-033 Portugal Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra 3030-790 Portugal Department of Electrical Engineering and Computers University of Coimbra Coimbra 3030-790 Portugal adai (Association for the Development of Industrial Aerodynamics) Coimbra 3031-289 Portugal

Buildings with indoor swimming pools are recognized as very high-energy consumers and present a great potential for electrical and thermal energy savings. A BEMS (building energy management system) could be conceived in order to optimize the building energy demand and with smart grid interaction. This paper presents the condition and potential contract-based demand side response in indoor swimming pools context. The BEMS designed by the authors implements control strategies for HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) and pumping system in order to reduce the electricity demand during peak hours or in response to an emergency signal from the system operator in critical times. The control strategies for HVAC was carried out by Building Thermal Simulation and the used of a theoretical formula for pumping system, strategies can carry out a significant reduction in power demand both in HVAC and pumping systems.

关键词： Indoor swimming pools building energy management system smart grid demand response.

Neuropsychological Aspects of Aging and Driving for Inclusive Automotive Interior Design

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2021年第3期11卷 390-403页

作者： Susana C. F. Fernandes Yamisel Chong Espino Associated Laboratory for Energy Transports and Aeronautics INEGI/LAETA University of Porto Porto Portugal Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering Polytechnic of Porto Porto Portugal N2i Polytechnic Institute of Maia Maia Portugal University Institute of Maia (ISMAI) Maia Portugal Unit for Research in Human Development and Psychology—UNIDEP University Institute of Maia Maia Portugal

As people grow older, their cognitive functions undergo changes which may result in uncomfortable driving situations and even increase the risk of accidents. This research aims to understand the neuropsychological aspects of healthy aging and their possible relationship in changes in motor performance or ability. The research methodology is descriptive and includes a collection of basic studies in the scope of neuroscience, driving tasks, and older driver behavior. The final analysis points to certain changes in the functioning of the cerebral cortex and its connections as being responsible for poor performance in some basic driving tasks, but which can be compensated for by means of adapted mechanisms in motor vehicles. This study may contribute as a methodological tool, to the automobile design process, for the selection of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) or other emerging technologies which can compensate cognitive changes, improve safety, comfort and inclusion of older drivers in the future of automobile interior design. We conclude that in normal aging, people may present some cognitive deficits especially linked to the frontal and parietal lobe, which interfere with the necessary driving skills albeit not with the dangerous ones and can be compensated by technological solutions. The main innovation of this article is related to the bibliographical compilation and critical analysis in terms of identifying the neuropsychological aspects of normal human aging and car driving and its relationship with possible contributions from vehicular technology, as well its consider future trends in automotive interior design that should be analysed with caution in order to users inclusion.

关键词： Aging Cognition Elderly Drivers Car Driving Difficulties Automotive Interior Design

Radiotherapy-customized head immobilization masks:from modeling and analysis to 3D printing

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2019年第9期30卷 103-118页

作者： M.A.R.Loja D.S.Craveiro L.Vieira E.Sousa J.A.Rodrigues R.J.F.Portal CIMOSM Centro de Investigacao em Modelacao e Optimizacao de Sistemas Multifuncionais ISEL IPL Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa Av. Conselheiro Emidio Navarro 1 1959-007 Lisbon Portugal laeta IDMEC Instituto Superior Teccnico Universidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pais 1 1049-001 Lisbon Portugal Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology NOVA UNIDEMI Universidade Nova de Lisboa Caparica Portugal H&TRC -Health &Technology Research Center ESTeSL - Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saude de Lisboa Av. D. Joao II Lote 4.69.01 1990-096 Lisbon Portugal Instituto de Biofisica e Engenharia Biomedica Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal

Immobilization devices may be a valuable aid to ensure the improved effectiveness of radiotherapy treatments where constraining the movements of specific anatomical segments is crucial. This need is also present in other situations, specifically when the superposition of various medical images is required for fine identification and characterization of some pathologies. Because of their structural characteristics, existing head immobilization systems may be claustrophobic and very uncomfortable for patients, during both the modeling and usage stages. Because of this, it is important to minimize all the discomforts related to the mask to alleviate patients’ distress and to simultaneously guarantee and maximize the restraint effectiveness of the mask. In the present work, various head immobilization mask models are proposed based on geometrical information extracted from computerized tomography images and from 3D laser scanning point clouds. These models also consider the corresponding connection to a radiotherapy table, as this connection is easily altered to accommodate various manufacturers’ solutions. A set of materials used in the radiotherapy field is considered to allow the assessment of the stiffness and strength of the masks when submitted to typical loadings.

关键词： Computed tomography 3D laser scanning Geometric modeling Head immobilization devices Stiffness and strength analyses 3D printing