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The Isogene 1-Deoxy-D-Xylulose 5-Phosphate Synthase 2 Controls Isoprenoid Profiles, Precursor Pathway Allocation, and Density of Tomato Trichomes

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Molecular Plant 2010年第5期3卷 904-916页

作者： Heike Paetzold Stefan Garms Stefan Bartram Jenny Wieczorek Eva-Maria Uros-Gracia Manuel Rodriguez-Concepcion Wilhelm Boland Dieter Strack Bettina Hause Michael H. Walter Leibniz Institut for Pflanzenbiochemie Abteilung Sekundarstoffwechsel Weinberg 3 D-06120 Halle (Saale) Germany Max-Planck-Institut fur Chemische Okologie Abteilung Bioorganische Chemie Hans-Knoll-Straβe 8 D-07745 Jena Germany Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSlC-IRTA-UAB Jordi Girona 18 08034 Barcelona Spain

Plant isoprenoids are formed from precursors synthesized by the mevalonate （MVA） pathway in the cytosol or by the methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate （MEP） pathway in plastids. Although some exchange of precursors occurs, cytosolic sesquiterpenes are assumed to derive mainly from MVA, while plastidial monoterpenes are produced preferentially from MEP precursors. Additional complexity arises in the first step of the MEP pathway, which is typically catalyzed by two divergent 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase isoforms （DXS1, DXS2）. In tomato （Solanum lycopersicum）, the SIDXS1 gene is ubiquitously expressed with highest levels during fruit ripening, whereas SIDXS2 transcripts are abundant in only few tissues, including young leaves, petals, and isolated trichomes. Specific down-regulation of SIDXS2 expression was performed by RNA interference in transgenic plants to investigate feedback mechanisms. SIDXS2 down-regulation led to a decrease in the monoterpene β-phellandrene and an increase in two sesquiterpenes in trichomes. Moreover, incorporation of MVA-derived precursors into residual monoterpenes and into sesquiterpenes was elevated as determined by comparison of ^13C to ^12C natural isotope ratios. A compensatory up-regulation of SIDXS1 was not observed. Down-regulated lines also exhibited increased trichome density and showed less damage by leaf-feeding Spodoptera littoralis caterpillars. The results reveal novel, non-redundant roles of DXS2 in modulating isoprenoid metabolism and a pronounced plasticity in isoprenoid precursor allocation.

关键词： Isoprenoid biosynthesis methyI-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase 2 (DXS2) RNA interference (RNAi) trichomes cross-talk feedback regulation GC-C-IRMS.

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Accuracy and Consistency of Respiratory Inductive Plethysmography for Overnight Tidal Volume Measurement

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2001年第1期21卷 35-37,58页

作者：张劲农 Eric W Ruch Konrad E Bloch Respiratory Disease Research Laboratory Xiehe Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology abteilung Pneumologie Unisipital Zuerich

To validate the accuracy and consistency of respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) in measuring tidal volume after an overnight sleep, tidal volumes of 18 patients with suspected sleep disordered breathing and 8 normal volunteers were measured simultaneously with RIP (V TRIP ) and with an ultrasonic airflow meter (V TUFM ) before and after an unstrained overnight sleep on supine and lateral decubitus. The bias of the V TRIP was expressed as (V TRIP V TUFM )/ V TUFM ·100 %, limits of agreement between V TRIP and V TUFM was measured by averaged bias ±2 s . Results showed that in normal subjects, the bias of RIP before and after overnight sleep was precise and consistent in both supine (0.7 % and -1.6 %) and lateral decubitus (3.7 % and -0.56 %). In these patients, the bias of RIP before and after sleep in supine also remained small (1.9 % and 1.7 %), but it became larger in lateral decubitus (24.5 % and 20.4 %) and 11.5 % exceeded the limits of agreement observed in the evening. The patients′ body mass indices (BMI) were higher than those of normal subjects (median 34.2 vs. 27.8 kg/m 2). Pooled data showed that the bias of V TRIP in the morning on lateral decubitus but not on supine was correlated to BMI (Spearman R=0.32, n =52, P =0.02). Thus, we were led to conclude that the accuracy of V TRIP overnight was precise and consistent in normal subjects, but the deviation of V TRIP measured on lateral decubitus in patients especially in those with excessive obesity was greater, thus, the method should not be used for quantitative determination.

关键词： sleep study respiratory inductive plethysmography (RIP) tidal volume

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万维网上的心理治疗资源

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中国心理卫生杂志 2002年第7期16卷 491-493页

作者： Parfen Laszig Kathy Rieg 夏军 Psychosomatische Klinik Abteilung PsychosomatikUniversitaetsklinikum Heidelberg Psychosomatische Klinik Abteilung PsychosomatikUniversitaetasklinikum Heidelberg

在科学研究的过程中, 国际互联网作为信息与交流的媒介,以其集成的功能结构支持着研究者.在中国, 国际互联网传播速度很快:根据"中国国际互联网网络信息中心"的调查,从2001年1月至今有2250万中国人使用互联网.至2000年底在中国有89万余... 详细信息

在科学研究的过程中, 国际互联网作为信息与交流的媒介,以其集成的功能结构支持着研究者.在中国, 国际互联网传播速度很快:根据"中国国际互联网网络信息中心"的调查,从2001年1月至今有2250万中国人使用互联网.至2000年底在中国有89万余台计算机已联网.

关键词：万维网心理治疗网络资源

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HCV-RNA positivity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic HCV-infection: does it really mean viral replication?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第2期7卷 228-234页

作者： Volker Meier Sabine Mihm Perdita Wietzke-Braun Guliano Ramadori Georg-August-Universitat gottingen Zentrum innere medizinAbteilung Für Gastroenterologie Und EndokrinologieRobert-Koch-Straβe 4037075 GottingenGermany

AIM: To analyze the association of HCV-RNA with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and to answer the question whether HCV-RNA positivity in PBMC is due to viral replication. METHODS: HCV-RNA was monitored in serum and PBMC preparations from 15 patients with chronic HCV infection before, during and after an IFN-alpha therapy using a nested RT/PCR technique. In a second approach, PBMC from healthy donors were incubated in HCV positive plasma. RESULTS: In the IFN-alpha responding patients,HCV-RNA disappeared first from total RNA preparations of PBMC and then from serum. In contrast, in relapsing patients, HCV-RNA reappeared first in serum and then in PBMC. A quantitative analysis of the HCV-RNA concentration in serum was performed before and after transition from detectable to non detectable HCV-RNA in PBMC-RNA and vice versa. When HCV-RNA was detectable in PBMC preparations, the HCV concentration in serum was significantly higher than the serum HCV-RNA concentration when HCV-RNA in PBMC was not detectable. Furthermore, at no time during the observation period was HCV specific RNA observed in PBMC, if HCV-RNA in serum was under the detection limit. Incubation of PBMC from healthy donors with several dilutions of HCV positive plasma for two hours showed a concentration dependent PCR positivity for HCV-RNA in reisolated PBMC. CONCLUSION: The detectability of HCV-RNA in total RNA from PBMC seems to depend on the HCV concentration in serum. Contamination or passive adsorption by circulating virus could be the reason for detection of HCV-RNA in PBMC preparations of chronically infected patients.

关键词： Adult Aged Antiviral Agents Female Hepacivirus Hepatitis C, Chronic Humans Interferon-alpha Leukocytes, Mononuclear Male Middle Aged RNA, Viral Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Viral Load Virus Replication

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Hepatitis B virus taxonomy and hepatitis B virus genotypes

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第1期13卷 14-21页

作者： Stephan Schaefer abteilung für Virologie Institut für Medizini-sche MikrobiologieVirologie und HygieneUniversitt RostockSchillingallee 70D-18057 RostockGermany

Hepatitis B virus(HBV) is a member of the hepadnavirus *** can be found in both mammals(orthohepadnaviruses) and birds(avihepadnaviruses).The genetic variability of HBV is very *** are eight genotypes of HBV and three clades of HBV isolates from apes that appear to be additional genotypes of *** genotypes are now divided into subgenotypes with distinct virological and epidemiological *** addition,recombination among HBV genotypes increases the variability of *** review summarises current knowledge of the epidemiology of genetic variability in hepadnaviruses and,due to rapid progress in the field,updates several recent reviews on HBV genotypes and subgenotypes.

关键词： Orthohepadnavirus Avihepadnavirus Hepatitis B virus Genotype, Subgenotype Recombination

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Differential effects on apoptosis induction in hepatocyte lines by stable expression of hepatitis B virus X protein

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第29期12卷 4673-4682页

作者： Nicola Fiedler Ellen Quant Ludger Fink Jianguang Sun Ralph Schuster Wolfram H Gerlich Stephan Schaefer Institut for Medizinische Virologie Justus-LiebigUniversitat Frankfurter Str. 107 D-35392 GieBen Germany abteilung fǖr Innere Medizin Christian AlbrechtUniversitat Kiel Germany Zentrum fǖr Innere Medizin Justus-LiebigUniversitat GieBen Germany abteilung Virologie Universitat Rostock Schillingallee 70 18055 Rostock Germany Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

AIM： Hepatitis B virus protein X （HBx） has been shown to be weakly oncogenic in vitro. The transforming activities of HBx have been linked with the inhibition of several functions of the tumor suppressor p53. We have studied whether HBx may have different effects on p53 depending on the cell type. METHODS： We used the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 and the immortalized murine hepatocyte line AML12 and analyzed stably transfected clones which expressed physiological amounts of HBx. P53 was induced by UV irradiation.RESULTS： The p53 induction by UV irradiation was unaffected by stable expression of HBx. However, the expression of the cyclin kinase inhibitor p21^waf/cip/sdi which gets activated by p53 was affected in the HBx transformed cell line AML12-HBx9, but not in HepG2. In AML-HBx9 cells, p21^waf/ciP/sdi -protein expression and p21^waf/dip/sdi transcription were deregulated. Furthermore, the process of apoptosis was affected in opposite ways in the two cell lines investigated. While stable expression of HBx enhanced apoptosis induced by UV irradiation in HepG2-cells, apoptosis was decreased in HBx transformed AML12-HBx9. P53 repressed transcription from the HBV enhancer I, when expressed from expression vectors or after induction of endogenous p53 by UV irradiation. Repression by endogenous p53 was partially reversible by stably expressed HBx in both cell lines.CONCLUSION： Stable expression of HBx leads to deregulation of apoptosis induced by UV irradiation depending on the cell line used. In an immortalized hepatocyte line HBx acted anti-apoptotic whereas expression in a carcinoma derived hepatocyte line HBx enhanced apoptosis.

关键词： Apoptosis Hepatitis B virus Hepatocyte lines

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Surgery for Sleep Disordered Breathing 2

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2010年

作者： Karl Hörmann Thomas Verse

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Uber EKG-Kennzeichungen der atrioventrikul ren akzessorischen Leitungsbahnen von Rechtsmittelsepta und Linksmittelsepta

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2001年第1期21卷 26-29页

作者： WANG Lin Ouyang F *** Klinikum Hamburg Deutschland Cappato R Hebe J Volkmer M Antz M Ernst S Kuck K H 王琳 abteilung fur Innere Medizin Tongji Klinik Tongji Mediszinisches Institut Huazhong Universitat fur Wissenschaft und Technik *** Klinikum Hamburg Deutschland

In der Studie wurden 20 Patienten mit AV-Reentry Tachykardie unter Einbezug einer mittelseptalen gelegenen atrioventricul ren akzessorischen Leitungsbahn(MS) eingeschlossen, die seit 4 Jahren in unserem Elektrophysiologischen Untersuchungslabor mittels Katheters erfolgreich abladiert wurden. Die 20 Patienten hatten 26 akzessorische Leitungsbahnen. Daunter waren 21 MS (rechtsmittelseptal (RMS) zu linksmittelseptal(LMS)=17:4). 18 akzessorische Leitungsbahnen waren offen. Die Lokalisation der akzessorischen Leitungsbahnen wurde aufgrund der Stelle erfolgreich abladiert bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, da die RMS und LMS den gleichen Charakter in den meisten Ableitungen des EKGs hatten, und jedoch der wenige Unterschied bei diesen beiden akzessorischen Lritungsbahnen besteht. Wenn die positive Polaritat der Delta Welle in der Ableitung V 1 bei der Patienten mit MS auftritt, mu sich berlegen, ob die M glichkeit der Lokalisation der akzessorischen Leitungsbahn im Linksmittelseptum besteht.

关键词： Katheterablation rechtsmittelseptale gelegene akzessorische Leitungsbahn linksmittelseptale gelegene akzessorische Leitungsbahn

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体外冲击波震石在泌尿外科的新进展

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德国医学 1998年第4期15卷 238-240页

作者： DIRK M.WILBERT DIETER JOCHAM FERDINAND EISENBERGER CHRISTIAN CHAUSSY 胡志全章咏裳 abteilung urologie UNIVERSITTSKLINIKUM DER EBERHARD-KARLS-UNIVERSITYHOPPE-SEYLERSTR 同济医科大学附属同济医院

机器发展今天德国医疗市场上有5种类型的碎石机。尽管冲击波产生和聚焦方式各有不同,但所有机器均采用超声和 X 线结石定位是一致的。所有机器将 X线作为辅助性措施来应用,使胆囊结石、胆管结石、胰腺结石和涎石等非泌尿系治疗也可进行。

关键词：体外冲击波碎石 ESWL 肾盂结石输尿管结石

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Neuronspezifische　Enolase　（NSE）：　ein　Serummarker　der　klinischen　Progression　für　maligne　metastasierte　Melanome

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 1995年第1期15卷 19-25页

作者：郭华北 abteilung für Klinische Biochemie Bengbu Medizinische Institut Bengbu Institut für Klinische Biochemie der Universität Bonn Deutschland

Die Serumkonzentration der neuronspezifischen Enolase(NSE)wurde bei 126 Patienten mit malignem Melanom(MM,Stadium Ⅰ/Ⅱ:n=80;Stadium Ⅲ:n=23;Stadium Ⅳ:n=23)radioimmunologisch *** NSEKonzentrationen(Schwellenwert:>12,5μg/L)fanden sich bei 12,5% der Patienten mit MM im Stadium Ⅰ/Ⅱ,13,0% im Stadium Ⅲ und bei 39,1% im Stadium Ⅳ.In der Langzeit-Verlaufskontrolle bei 20 Patienten im Stadium Ⅲ/Ⅳ zeigte die NSESerumkonzentration eine Ubereinstimmung mit der *** 6 Patienten zeigte sich unter der Therapie ein Abfall erhohter NSE-Werte als Zeichen einer *** Ausbleiben eines signifikanten Abfalls oder gar ein Asstieg wies in 86,7%(13/15)der Falle auf eine Tumorprogression *** signifikanter Anstieg von NSE wurde bei 6 Patienten prdfinal *** laβt sich folgern,daβ NSE fur die Primardiagnostik des malignen Melanoms aufgrund der niedrigen Sensitivitatat als Tumormarker ungeeignet ist;jedoch erscheint eine NSE-Bestimmung bei Patienten mit malignem Melanom im Rahmen einer Verlaufskontrolle sinnvoll.

关键词： Malignes Melanom NSE Serum-Tumormarker

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