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Sustainable management of campus fallen leaves through low-temperature pyrolysis and application in Pb immobilization

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 281-292页

作者： Rongli Tan Ke Li Yue Sun Xiaoliang Fan Zhengtao Shen Lingyi Tang School of Environment Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China School of Earth and Engineering Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2E3Canada

Realizing campus sustainability requires the environmental-friendly and economical treatment of tremendous fallen *** fallen leaf biochar at a low temperature is a candidate *** this study,six common types of fallen leaves on the campus were pyrolyzed at 300℃.The obtained biochars were characterized and the adsorption mechanisms of lead(Pb)by the fallen leaf biochars were *** adsorption capacity of leaf biochar for Pb was relatively high,up to 209 mg/g(Yulania denudata leaf biochar).Adsorption of Pb onto active sites was the rate-limiting step for most leaf *** for Platanus leaf biochar,intraparticle diffusion of Pb^(2+)dominated owing to the lowest adsorption ***,the highest exchangeable Pb fraction(27%)indicated its potential for removing aqueous Pb^(2+).Ginkgo and Prunus cerasifera leaf biochar immobilized Pb by surface complexation and precipitation as lead ***,they were suitable for soil heavy metal *** study shed the light on the sustainable utilization of campus fallen leaves and the application of fallen leaf biochars in heavy metal remediation.

关键词： Fallen leaves Waste management Biochar Lead removal Sorption Circular campus

Recycling of Silicone Rubber from Composite Insulator with Pyrolysis Method

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第4期10卷 1787-1798页

作者： Ruiqi Shang Liming Wang Fanghui Yin Masoud Farzaneh Institute of Advanced Technologies in Energy and Electrical Engineering(IAT3E) Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China Department of Applied Sciences(DSA) University of Quebec at ChicoutimiChicoutimiQC G7H2B1Canada

Composite insulators have been widely used in transmission *** being removed from transmission lines,their housing silicone material cannot degrade *** tackle this problem,this paper proposes an effective method to recycle waste insulators by pyrolysis to obtain mullite(3Al_(2)O_(3)·2SiO_(2))with high purity and compact *** recycling process studied will not generate toxic *** thermal degradation process of housing material is investigated by analyzing its degradation products including the gas and residues in *** experimental results indicate that the colorant agent Fe2O3 inside the housing material is beneficial for the generation of mullite by decreasing the temperature of ***,since the transitional alumina generated by the dehydration of aluminum hydroxide(ATH)has a smaller diameter and can better dissolute into the silica phases,ATH is a better choice as the additional aluminum *** comparing the components,structure,and particle size of grains formed at different calcination temperatures,the proposed pyrolysis temperatures of the two stages are 1400◦C and 1600◦C,respectively.

关键词： Composite insulator mullite pyrolysis recycling silicone rubber sintering

Remodeling Tumor Immune Microenvironment by Using Polymer-Lipid-Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles with Radiation Therapy to Boost Immune Response of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 83-96页

作者： Abdulmottaleb E.Zetrini HoYin Lip Azhar Z.Abbasi Ibrahim Alradwan Taksim Ahmed Chunsheng He Jeffrey T.Henderson Andrew M.Rauth Xiao Yu Wu Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoM5S 3M2TorontoONCanada. Departments of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology University of TorontoM5G 1L7TorontoONCanada.

Despite substantial progress in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), including radiation therapy and immunotherapy alone or in combination, the response to treatment remains poor due to the hypoxic and immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment. Herein, we exploited the bioreactivity of novel polymer–lipid manganese dioxide nanoparticles (PLMDs) to remodel the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) by increasing the local oxygen levels and extracellular pH and enhancing radiation-induced immunogenic cell death. This study demonstrated that PLMD treatment sensitized hypoxic human and murine CRPC cells to radiation, significantly increasing radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks and ultimately cell death, which enhanced the secretion of damage-associated molecular patterns, attributable to the induction of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Reoxygenation via PLMDs also polarized hypoxic murine RAW264.7 macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, enhancing tumor necrosis factor alpha release, and thus reducing the viability of murine CRPC TRAMP-C2 cells. In a syngeneic TRAMP-C2 tumor model, intravenous injection of PLMDs suppressed, while radiation alone enhanced recruitment of regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Pretreatment with PLMDs followed by radiation down-regulated programmed death-ligand 1 and promoted the infiltration of antitumor CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages to tumor sites. Taken together, TIME modulation by PLMDs plus radiation profoundly delayed tumor growth and prolonged median survival compared with radiation alone. These results suggest that PLMDs plus radiation is a promising treatment modality for improving therapeutic efficacy in radioresistant and immunosuppressive solid tumors.

关键词： RAW264.7 alone treatment

Advancing sustainability:Magnesium-based solutions for environmental challenges and high-performance technologies in superconductivity

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1257-1259页

作者： Muralidhar Miryala Materials for Energy and Environmental Laboratory Shibaura Institute of Technology3-7-5 ToyosuKoto-KuTokyo 135-8548Japan

The Journal of Magnesium and Alloys(JMA)is actively dedicated to addressing crucial issues related to energy con-servation,emission reduction,energy crises,and sustainable development[1].Magnesium,recognized as the lightest com-mercial structural metal and a promising energy storage ma-terial,holds immense potential in contributing to strategic objectives such as achieving“carbon neutrality”and the“emission peak”,thus mitigating the ongoing energy cri-sis[2].JMA diligently reports on various research fronts,including magnesium-based structural materials,magnesium batteries,magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials,and magnesium-based superconducting super magnets[3].

关键词： magnesium holds structural

The IR Spectra Analysis and Crystal Structure of V_3(μ_3-O)(μ_2-O_2CEt)_6(O)_2(THF)·2CHCl_3

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2000年第5期19卷 326-333页

作者：郑发鲲周文波中科院福建物质结构所福建福州 350 0 0 2

The title compound (C_ 24H_ 40Cl_6O_ 16V_3, M_r = 950.08) was synthesized from the reaction of VCl_3 and NaO_2CEt in CHCl_3 and THF. The crystal structure has been determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in monoclinic space group C2/c with a = 12.5768(4), b= 16.5601(4), c = 19.3574(7) , β = 99.879(1)°, V = 3971.3(2)3, D_c = 1.589 g/cm3, μ= 1.157 mm -1, F(000)=1932, Z=4, R = 0.055, wR = 0.1539 (I2σ(I)). This compound has an unusual coplanar V_3O core with a C_2 axis passing through O(1), V(1), O(10): one V-μ_3O is short (1.628 ), the other two are longer (2.381 ). It was characterized by IR, 1H NMR, and EPR spectra. It was unstable and the decomposition process of this compound was studied using IR spectroscopy.

关键词： crystal structure IR vanadium compound oxo trinuclear propionate

The Ananthakrishna Model Under Non-synchronous Perturbation

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2024年第4期40卷 1078-1097页

作者： Yi-wen TAO Sue Ann CAMPBELL Jing-li REN School of Mathematics and Statistics Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Applied Mathematics University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L3G1Canada

The Ananthakrishna model,seeking to explain the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect,is studied with or without non-synchronous *** the unperturbed model,Bogdanov-Takens bifurcation and zeroHopf bifurcation are *** the perturbed model,rich dynamical behaviors are given by researching the Poincarémap,including solutions of different periods,quasi-periodic solutions,chaotic solutions,and ***,an augmented temperature-dependent perturbation amplitude induces a transition from non-serrated to serrated flow on the stress-time ***,on the stress-strain curve,the phenomenon of repeated yielding diminishes with an increase in the value of a temperature-dependent parameter,while it persists with an increase in the value of a temperature-independent *** analysis sheds light on the factors exerting the most significant influence on dislocation density.

关键词： Ananthakrishna model serrations non-synchronous perturbation attractor bifurcation

Grow-light smart monitoring system leveraging lightweight deep learning for plant disease classification

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2024年第2期12卷 44-56页

作者： William Macdonald Yuksel Asli Sari Majid Pahlevani Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering Queen's UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada The Robert M.Buchan Department of Mining Queen's UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada

This work focuses on a novel lightweight machine learning approach to the task of plant disease classification,posing as a core component of a larger grow-light smart monitoring *** the extent of our knowledge,this work is the first to implement lightweight convolutional neural network architectures leveraging down-scaled versions of inception blocks,residual connections,and dense residual connections applied without pre-training to the PlantVillage *** novel contributions of this work include the proposal of a smart monitor-ing framework outline;responsible for detection and classification of ailments via the devised lightweight net-works as well as interfacing with LED grow-light fixtures to optimize environmental parameters and lighting control for the growth of plants in a greenhouse *** adaptation of dense residual connections achieved the best balance of minimizing model parameters and maximizing performance metrics with accuracy,precision,recall,and F1-scores of 96.75%,97.62%,97.59%,and 97.58%respectively,while consisting of only 228,479 model *** results are further compared against various full-scale state-of-the-art model architectures trained on the PlantVillage dataset,of which the proposed down-scaled lightweight models were capable of performing equally to,if not better than many large-scale counterparts with drastically less com-putational requirements.

关键词： Plant disease classification Smart monitoring Deep learning Residual connections Inception Dense residual connections

High-performance Bi_(2)S_(3)/ZnO photoanode enabled by interfacial engineering with oxyanion for efficient photoelectrochemical water oxidation

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Nano Research 2024年第7期17卷 5996-6005页

作者： Ying-Chu Chen Hsiang-Yu Jui Yichen Feng Yun-Hsiang Lu Yu-Kuei Hsu Department of Chemical Engineering&Biotechnology "National Taipei University of Technology"No.1Sec.3Zhong-Xiao E.Rd.Da'an Dist.Taipei City 10608TaiwanChina Department of Opto-Electronic Engineering "National Dong Hwa University"No.1Sec.2Da Hsueh RoadShoufengHualien 97401TaiwanChina China-UK Low Carbon College Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.3Yinlian RoadLingangShanghai 201306China

In the present contribution,we demonstrate that the sluggish kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)over the bismuth sulfide(Bi_(2)S_(3))photoanode,which severely restricts its photoelectrochemical activity,is markedly accelerated by employing a sulfatecontaining ***-principle calculation points to the spontaneous adsorption of sulfate(SO_(4)^(2−))on Bi_(2)S_(3)and its capacity of stabilizing the OER intermediates through hydrogen bonding,which is further reinforced by increasing the local density of states near the Fermi level of Bi_(2)S_(3).Meanwhile,the electron transfer is also promoted to synergistically render the ratedetermining step(from O*to OOH*)of OER over Bi_(2)S_(3)kinetically *** but not least,benefitting from such enhanced OER activity and efficient charge separation resulted from depositing Bi_(2)S_(3)on the zinc oxide nanorods(ZnO NRs),forming a core–shell heterojunction,its photocurrent density achieves 8.61 mA·cm^(−2)at 1.23 VRHE,far surpassing those reported for additional Bi_(2)S_(3)-based and several state-of-the-art photoanodes in the literature and further exceeding their theoretical *** great promise of the Bi_(2)S_(3)/ZnO NRs is in view of such outperformance,the superior Faradaic yield of oxygen of more than~80%and the outstanding half-cell applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of~1%well corroborated.

关键词： photoelectrochemical water oxidation oxyanion adsorption electronic structure regulation oxygen evolution reaction(OER)intermediates stabilization Bi_(2)S_(3)

Saffman–Taylor instability in eccentric cylinders at gaseous cavitation

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Friction 2024年第2期12卷 356-362页

作者： Anatoliy A.MONAKHOV Nikolay BUKHARIN Institute of Mechanics Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119899Russia ThermoFluid Solutions Ltd. CalgaryAlberta T3G4E8Canada

A flow of silicon fluid in the gap between eccentric cylinders was studied *** condition of gaseous cavitation inception during the rotation of internal cylinder was *** was shown that at reduction of the gap between cylinders Saffman–Taylor instability appeared on surface of the internal cylinder and then gaseous cavitation was *** of one uniform gas formation appearance under this type of instability was demonstrated.

关键词： gaseous cavitation Saffman-Taylor instability eccentric cylinders friction lubrication theory