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Response of runoff and its components to climate change in the Manas River of the Tian Shan Mountains

Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 62-74页

作者： Ze-Long YANG Peng BAI key laboratory of {2. cycle and related land surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10010lChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

A warming-wetting climate trend has led to increased runoff in most watersheds in the Tian Shan Mountains over the past few ***,it remains unclear how runoff components,that is,rainfall runoff(Rrain),snowmelt runoff(Rsnow),and glacier meltwater(Rglacier),responded to historical climate change and how they will evolve under future climate change ***,we used a modified Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning(HBV)model and a detrending method to quantify the impact of precipitation and temperature changes on runoff components in the largest river(Manas River)on the northern slope of the Tian Shan Mountains from 1982.to 2.15.A multivariate calibration strategy,including snow cover,glacier area,and runoff was implemented to constrain model parameters associated with runoff *** downscaled outputs of 12.general circulation models(GCMs)from the Sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6)were also used to force the modified HBV model to project the response of runoff and its components to future(2.16-2.00)climate change under three common socio-economic pathways(SSP12.,SSP2.5,and SSP585).The results indicate that Rrain dominates mean annual runoff with a proportion of 42.,followed by Rsnow(37%)and Rglacier(2.%).In terms of inter-annual variation,Rrain and Rsnow show increasing trends(0.93(p0.05)mm per year),while Rglacier exhibits an insignificant(p>0.05)decreasing trend(-0.12.mm per year),leading to an increasing trend in total runoff(1.12.mm per year,p>0.05).The attribution analysis indicates that changes in precipitation and temperature contribute 8.16 and 10.37 mm,respectively,to the increase in runoff at the mean annual *** wetting(increased precipitation)increases Rrain(5.03 mm)and Rsnow(3.19 mm)but has a limited effect on Rglacier(-0.06 mm),while warming increases Rrain(10.69 mm)and Rglacier(5.79 mm)but decreases Rsnow(-6.12.mm).The negative effect of glacier shrinkage on Rglacier has outweighed the

关键词： Tian Shan Rainfall runoff Snowmelt runoff Glacier meltwater Warming-wetting Tipping point

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Temporal variability of global potential water erosion based on an improved USLE model

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International Soil and water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Jialei Li Muqi Xiong Ranhao Sun Liding Chen State key laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China key laboratory of {2. cycle and related land surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Assessing spatiotemporal variation in global soil erosion is essential for identifying areas that require greater attention and management under the effects of anthropogenic activities and climate *** erosion can be modelled using the universal soil loss equation(USLE),which includes rainfall erosivity(R-factor),vegetation cover(C-factor),topography(LS-factor),soil erodibility(K-factor),and management practices(P-factor).However,global soil erosion modeling faces numerous challenges,including data acquisition,calculation processes,and parameter calibration under different climatic and topographic ***,we presented an improved USLE-based model using highly distributed *** R-,C-,and P-factors were modified by the climate zone,country,and *** distributed model was applied to estimate the intensity and variations in global soil erosion from 1992.to *** validated the accuracy of this model by comparing simulations with measurements from 11,439 plot years of erosion *** results showed that i)the average global erosion rate was 5.78 t ha^(-1)year^(-1),with an increase rate of 4.2.×10^(-3)t ha^(-1)year^(-1);ii)areas with significantly increasing erosion accounted for 16%of the land with {2. erosion,whereas those with significantly decreasing erosion accounted for 7%;and iii)areas with severe erosion included the western Ghats,Abyssinian Plateau,Brazilian Plateau,south and east of the Himalayas,and western coast of South *** erosion occurred mainly on the Amazon Plain and the northern coast of the *** study provides an improved {2. erosion prediction model and accurate information for researchers and policymakers to identify the drivers underlying changes in {2. erosion in different regions.

关键词： Soil erosion Distributed USLE model Rainfall erosivity Soil conservation Global change

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The interannual periodicity of precipitation and its links to the large-scale circulations over the Third Pole

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2024年第8期34卷 1457-1471页

作者： LIANG Liqiao LIU Qiang LI Jiuyi State key laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchCASBeijing 100101China State key laboratory of {2. Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China key laboratory for {2. and Sediment Sciences Ministry of EducationSchool of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China key laboratory of {2. cycle and related land surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China

To understand the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation(P)in the Third Pole region(centered on the Tibetan Plateau-TP),it is necessary to quantify the interannual periodicity of P and its relationship with large-scale *** this study,Morlet wavelet transform was used to detect significant(pwater *** wavelet transform results were as follows.(1)Significant quasiperiodicity varied from 2.to 11 *** high-frequency variability mode(2.to 6 years quasi-periods)was universal,and the low-frequency variability mode(7 to 11 years quasi-periods)was rare,occurring mainly in the westerlies and Indian monsoon domains.(2.The majority of periods were base periods(53%),followed by two-base *** all stations in the Third Pole(95%)showed one or two periods.(3)Periodicity was widely detected in the majority of years(84%).(4)The power spectra of P in the four domains were dominated by statistically significant high-frequency oscillations(ie.,with short periodicity).(5)Large-scale circulations directly and indirectly influenced the periodic P variability in the different *** mode of P variability in the different domains was influenced by interactions between large-scale circulation features and not only by the dominant circulation and its control of water vapour *** results of this study will contribute to better understanding of the causal mechanisms associated with P variability,which is important for hydrological science and waterresourcemanagement.

关键词： precipitation interannual periodicity Morlet wavelet large-scale circulations Third Pole

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Urban water system theory and its model development and application

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第3期67卷 704-724页

作者： Jun XIA Yongyong ZHANG Dunxian SHE Shiyan ZHANG Jun YANG Mingquan LV Xiang ZHANG Anqi LUO Shengjun WU Yang LIU key laboratory of {2. cycle and related land surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State key laboratory of {2. Resources&Hydropower Engineering Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Aquatic Eco Health Group Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and HealthInstitute of Urban EnvironmentFujian Key Laboratory of Watershed EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China

The urban water system theory is an extension of the basin water system science on an urban scale, providing a new systematic solution for the unbalanced human-water relationship and severe water challenges, such as waterlogging, black and odorous water, and ecological degradation caused by urbanization. Most existing studies on urban water systems have focused on individual water cycle processes linked with water supply and sewage treatment plants, but mutual feedback between the water cycle and its associated material circulation and water ecology, as well as human processes, still needs further exploration. In this paper, the concept, theory, and technical methodology of the urban water system were developed based on the water cycle and basin water system science. The Urban water System 5.0(UWS 5.0) model was developed by integrating the Time Variant Gain rainfall-runoff Model with Urban water system(TVGM_Urban) in different underlying surface conditions for analyzing the natural-social water cycle processes and their associated water environmental and ecological processes and the influence of multiscale sponge measures. Herein, five major simulation functions were realized: rainfall-runoff-nonpoint source pollutant load,water and pollutant transportations through the drainage network system, terminal regulation and purification, socioeconomic water cycle, and water system assessment and regulation. The location for the case study used in this paper was Wuhan City. The findings showed that the entire urban water system should consider the built-up area and its associated rivers and lakes as the research object and explore the integrations among the urban natural-social water cycle and river regulations inside and outside of the city as well as the effects of socioeconomic development and sponge measures on the water quantity-quality-ecology processes. The UWS 5.0 model efficiently simulated the urban rainfall-runoff process, total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphoru

关键词： Urban water system Human-water relationship water issue Green development Theoretical basis Mathematical model

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Groundwater Quality and Vulnerability Assessment in a Semiarid Karst Region of Northern China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 313-316页

作者： Ran An Shu Wang Zongjun Gao Zhenyan Wang Wei Li Qijun Deng Lü Lin Yuanqing Liu key laboratory of {2. cycle and related land surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266510China Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology Survey China Geological SurveyBaoding 071051China

Groundwater plays a critical role in maintaining ecological balance and ensuring social operations,especially in arid and semiarid regions(Hu et al.,2.2.;Han et al.,2.2.;Ma et al.,2.14).The over-exploitation of groundwater,coupled with the influx of pollutants from human activities into the soil,significantly degrades the environment in certain regions(Jia et al.,2.19;Famiglietti,2.14;Giordano,2.09;Konikow and Kendy,2.05;Bohlke,2.02.Shah et al.,2.00).

关键词： groundwater Groundwater Vul

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Effects of the Rainfall-Triggered Lisse Effect on the Stability of Loess Slopes

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1254-1262页

作者： Zhizhou Yang Donghui Cheng Jun Xia School of water and Environment Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China key laboratory of Sub{2. Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China key laboratory of Eco-Hydrology and {2. Security in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions of the Ministry of {2. Resources Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China key laboratory of {2. cycle&related land surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China State key laboratory of {2. Resources&Hydropower Engineering Sciences Wuhan UniversityWuhan430000China

This paper coupled a water-air two-phase hydrodynamic(WATPH)model with the Iverson’s method to analyze the influence of the Lisse effect on the fast groundwater pressure(P_(w))response and the slope ***,the sensitivities of the driving force and loess soil parameters were *** showed that the WATPH model simulated the height and rise of the depth to the water table reasonably *** depth to water table before rainfall(H0)had a significant impact on the Lisse effect and the slope *** the H_(0) was less than approximately 1 m,the rainfall triggered a significant Lisse effect and decreased the slope factor of safety(F_(s)).When the rainfall intensity(R_(i))was higher than the saturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(s)),the Lisse effect and the F_(s) slightly changed with the increase of the R_(i),and the slope tended to be unstable with continuous *** increasing K_(s),the Lisse effect noticeably increased,and the minimum F_(s) quickly *** analysis of the normalized sensitivity coefficient revealed that H_(0) had a dramatic impact on the Lisse effect and loess slope *** different R_(i) and K_(s) values had prominent influences on the Lisse effect and slight impacts on F_(s).

关键词： Lisse effect landslides safety factor rainfall

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Combining conservation tillage with nitrogen fertilization promotes maize straw decomposition by regulating soil microbial community and enzyme activities

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Pedosphere 2024年第4期34卷 783-796页

作者： Houping ZHANG Xueqin TANG Quanming HOU Yuanpeng ZHU Zhangheng REN Huanxin XIE Yuncheng LIAO Weiyan WANG Xiaoxia WEN College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China key laboratory of Crop Physi-ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China key laboratory of {2. cycle and related land surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Straw return can effectively improve farmland soil microenvironment and ***,excessive straw in the topsoil adversely affects seed germination and crop *** present,the characteristics and key driving factors of straw decomposition in dry farmlands are *** on the interactions between tillage practices including zero tillage(ZT),chisel tillage(CT),and plow tillage(PT)and nitrogen(N)fertilization,i.e.,low N(N1,180 kg ha^(-1)),normal N(N2.2.0 kg ha^(-1)),and high N(N3,300 kg ha^(-1)),quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology and an enzymatic detection kit were used to investigate the effects of key straw C-degrading enzyme activities and microbial abundance in soil on maize straw decomposition during the growth period of winter wheat in the winter wheat/summer maize double cropping system in a dry farmland of the Loess Plateau,*** 2.18 and 2.2.,ZT and CT significantly increased winter wheat yield(by 10.94%and 12.79%,respectively)and straw decomposition velocity(by 2.%and 2..67%,respectively),compared with *** to N1 and N3,N2.significantly increased wheat yield(by 4.65%and 5.31%,respectively)and straw decomposition velocity(by 2..33%and 13.2.%,respectively).The partial least squares pathway modelling showed significant positive direct effects of soil moisture,NO3-,NH4+,total N,bacteria,and cellulase,laccase,and xylanase activities on straw decomposition,while soil pH,fungi,and Actinomycetes had significant negative direct ***,conservation tillage(ZT and CT)combined with N2.was beneficial for straw decomposition in the drylands of the Loess Plateau and improved straw resource utilization and basic soil *** results of the study clarified the key drivers of straw decomposition in dry farmlands and provided new ideas for developing updated soil management practices and adaptive N application strategies to promote the resource utilization of straw and achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon ne

关键词： hydrolytic enzyme microbial biomass oxidative enzyme straw decomposition velocity tillage practice

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water quality prediction based on sparse dataset using enhanced machine learning

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第4期20卷 218-228页

作者： Sheng Huang Jun Xia Yueling Wang Jiarui Lei Gangsheng Wang State key laboratory of {2. Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Institute for water-Carbon cycles and Carbon Neutrality Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of Singapore117578 Singapore key laboratory of {2. cycle and related land surface processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

water quality in surface bodies remains a pressing issue *** some regions have rich water quality data,less attention is given to areas that lack sufficient ***,it is crucial to explore novel ways of managing source-oriented surface water pollution in scenarios with infrequent data collection such as weekly or *** we showed sparse-dataset-based prediction of water pollution using machine *** investigated the efficacy of a traditional Recurrent Neural Network alongside three Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)models,integrated with the Load Estimator(LOADEST).The research was conducted at a river-lake confluence,an area with intricate hydrological *** found that the Self-Attentive LSTM(SA-LSTM)model outperformed the other three machine learning models in predicting water quality,achieving Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(NSE)scores of 0.71 for COD_(Mn)and 0.57 for NH_(3)N when utilizing LOADEST-augmented water quality data(referred to as the SA-LSTMLOADEST model).The SA-LSTM-LOADEST model improved upon the standalone SA-LSTM model by reducing the Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)by 2..6%for COD_(Mn)and 2..3%for NH_(3)***,the model maintained its predictive accuracy when data collection intervals were extended from weekly to ***,the SA-LSTM-LOADEST model demonstrated the capability to forecast pollution loads up to ten days in *** study shows promise for improving water quality modeling in regions with limited monitoring capabilities.

关键词： water quality modeling Sparse measurement River-lake confluence Long short-term memory Load estimator Machine learning

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surface water resource attenuation attribution and patterns in Hai River Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1545-1560页

作者： Qingming WANG Yong ZHAO Hao WANG Jiaqi ZHAI Yue ZHANG Fan HE Rong LIU Mengyang MA State key laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of {2. cycle in River Basin China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research(IWHR)Beijing 100038China key laboratory of {2. Safety for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region of Ministry of {2. Resources Beijing 100038China General Institute of water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design Ministry of Water ResourcesBeijing 100120China

From 1956 to 2.16,Hai River Basin suffered the most severe surface water resource attenuation among the 10 first-class river basins in *** on the surface water circulation process,and evolving characteristics of precipitation and underlying surface in Hai River Basin,this study attributed the causes of surface water resource attenuation to six primary impact factors,analyzed each factor's quantitative contribution,and revealed four patterns of surface water resource attenuation in Hai River *** pattern of the dominant factor:comparing the 1980–2.00 period with the 1956–1979period,the variation of precipitation is the dominant factor of which contribution is 7 billion m^(3),accounting for 59%of total11.7 billion m^(3);comparing the 2.01–2.16 period with the 1956–1979 period,the increasing of vegetation cover in mountainous area is the dominant factor of which contribution is 2.78 billion m3,accounting for 51%of total 4.9 billion m^(3).The pattern of spatial distributions:comparing the 2.01–2.16 period with the 1956–1979 period,mountainous areas were more affected by increasing vegetation cover which for example contributed 42.in Luan River Basin mountainous;the plains were more impacted by farmland ridge interception which for example contributed 51%in Beisi River Basin *** pattern of attenuation trend:comparing the 2.01–2.16 period with the 1980–2.00 period,surface water resources in mountainous areas continued to decline,owing to the increasing water consumption of large-scale vegetation restoration,while the influence of the underlying surface changes on surface water resources in plains areas tended to remain *** pattern of reversible change:among factors led to surface water resource attenuation,the human activity,including vegetation cover increase,farmland ridge interception,and urbanization expansion,contributed 36%of the attenuation,which resulted in the variation of precipitation-runoff *** study improved the traditiona

关键词： Hai River Basin surface water resources Contribution decomposition Quantitative contribution Attenuation patterns

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Frequency and size change of ice–snow avalanches in the central Himalaya:A case from the Annapurna Ⅱ glacier

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第3期15卷 464-475页

作者： Yao LI Yi-Fei CUI Jian-Sheng HAO Zheng-Tao ZHANG Hao WANG Jian GUO Shuo-Fan WANG State key laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China key laboratory of Hydrosphere Sciences of the Ministry of {2. Resources Beijing 100084China key laboratory of {2. surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of National Safety and Emergency Management Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China key laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth {2. process Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China

Glaciers have retreated and shrunk in High Mountain Asia since the mid-2.th century because of global warming,leading to glacier instability and hazardous iceesnow ***,the complex relationship between iceesnow avalanches and factors such as climate and potential triggers are difficult to understand because of the lack of observational ***,we addressed iceesnow avalanches on the Annapurna Ⅱ glacier in Nepal,Central *** constructed an iceesnow avalanche history using long-term multi-source remote sensing images(1988-2.2.)and mapped the velocity fields of glaciers using cross-correlation analysis on SAR and optical ***,we investigated the impact of climate change and earthquakes on the frequency and size of iceesnow *** results demonstrate that the frequency of iceesnow avalanches has increased from 10 in 1988 to 2. in 2.2.,but the average area of iceesnow avalanche deposits has decreased by approximately 70%,from 3.4×10^(5) m^(2. in 1988 to 1.2.10^(5) m^(2. in *** evolutionary characteristic of ice avalanches is linked to the impact of glacier retreat(reduction in ice material supply)and increased activity under climate *** glacier movement velocity controls the size of iceesnow avalanches and can be set as an indicator for iceesnow avalanche *** the Annapurna Ⅱ glacier,an iceesnow avalanche occurred when the glacier velocities were greater than 1.5 m d^(-1).These results offer insights into iceesnow avalanche risk assessment and prediction in high-mountain areas,particularly in regions characterised by dense glacier distribution.

关键词： Iceesnow avalanche Glacier instability Climate change Central Himalaya Remote sensing

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