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撞击过程对月表氧逸度的改造:来自嫦娥五号月壤中撞击玻璃珠的启示

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Science Bulletin 2024年第10期69卷 1495-1505页

作者：庞润连杨晶李瑞刘世荣李琼朱丹杜蔚刘耘 State key laboratory of Ore Deposit {2. Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Center for Lunar and Planetary Sciences Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China State key laboratory of Environmental {2. Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China Research Center for Planetary Science College of Earth ScienceChengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

Lunar materials are overall more reducing compared with their terrestrial counterparts,but the mechanism remains to be *** this study,we present a possible explanation for the changes in redox state of the lunar regolith caused by impact events,based on our investigations of the impact glass beads from Chang’e-5 *** glass beads contain iron metal grains and show concentration gradients of FeO and K_(2.O(with or without Na_(2.O)from their rims to *** compositional profiles exhibit errorfunction-like shapes,which indicates a diffusion-limited *** numerical modeling results suggest that the iron metal grains on the surface of the glass beads were generated through the reduction of FeO by elemental K and(or)Na produced during the impact ***,the iron metal grains inside the bead may have formed due to oxygen diffusion driven by redox potential ***,our study suggests that impact processes intensify the local reducing conditions,as evidenced by the presence of calcium sulfide particles within troilite grains that coexist with iron metal grains on the surface of the glass *** study provides insights into the oxygen diffusion kinetics during the formation of iron metal spherules and sheds light on the changes in redox conditions of lunar materials caused by impact events.

关键词： Chang’e-5 Lunar sample Glass beads Impact Oxygen fugacity Redox change

The use of electrokinetics promises a sustainable mining future

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The Innovation 2024年第3期5卷 17-18页

作者： Gaofeng Wang Xiaoliang Liang Jianxi Zhu Hongping He CAS key laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny/Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Mineral Physics and Material Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science Guangzhou 510640China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Moving toward a zero-carbon economy is an ambitious goal of all human *** of various metal resources plays a central role in such a *** earth elements(REEs),especially heavy REEs(HREEs),are crucial for the development of future green and zero-carbon economies due to their irreplaceable roles in many applications of renewable energy technologies;e.g.,solar panels,wind turbines,and hybrid vehicle ***-adsorption rare earth deposits(IADs)are the primary repositories for HREEs and supply more than 95%of the global HREE demand.1 However,current mining technologies using excessive ammonium salts have caused devastating harm to the local environment while exhibiting a low recovery rate of REEs,a long mining period,and landslide *** 2.18,the adoption of ammonium salt-based techniques in REE mining has been prohibited,exacerbating the scarcity of REEs that could lead to disruptions of the supply ***,metals are currently almost exclusively extracted from their ores via physical excavation or chemical *** energy-intensive and environmentally damaging techniques remain among the foremost CO_(2. *** mining industry is in desperate need of a new generation of mining technology.

关键词： mining replace earth

geochemistry of cherts from the northern Jiangxi region, South China: Implication for paleoenvironment

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第4期13卷 823-838页

作者： Guo-Liang Xie Gao-Jie Zhou Yu-Yong Sun Yan-Ran Hu Wei-Duo Hao School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Tongling University State key laboratory of Oil and {2. Reservoir Geology and Exploration Chengdu University of Technology Department of Geology Northwest University

The extensive bedded cherts deposited during the Ediacaran-Cambrian (E-C) transition period play a crucial role in understanding the geological evolution of this period, yet the origin of these cherts remains disputed. Here, we present new geochemical data for cherts of the Piyuancun (PYC) Formation deposited during the Late Ediacaran and the Hetang (HT) Formation deposited during the Early Cambrian in northern Jiangxi region, Lower Yangtze region, South China. The PYC cherts contain a small amount of monaxons sponge spicules and radiolarian fragments, while the HT cherts lack siliceous organism evidence. Major and trace element analysis, coupled with discriminant diagrams, indicate a possible shift in redox conditions of seawater during the E-C transition in the northern Jiangxi region. The shift suggests a change from weakly-moderately restricted euxinic conditions to strongly restricted euxinic conditions. Furthermore, the location of both cherts are distant from the source area of siliceous organisms. Fossil evidence, as well as the values of Fe/Ti and Fe/(Mn+Ti), Eu anomalies, Post-Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) normalized REE+Y patterns, and various discriminant diagrams,support the conclusion that the PYC and HT cherts originated primarily from direct seawater precipitation, with the PYC cherts exhibiting weak hydrothermal evidence. Upwelling contributes to the formation of HT cherts and organic matter (OM) accumulation. Ocean acidification, triggered by OM degradation and biodegradation processes during the E-C transition period, leads to the extensive silica precipitation and preservation. These results enhance our understanding of the geological processes during the E-C transition.

关键词： Redox condition Origin of cherts E–C transition Lower Yangtze Jiangxi

Screening legacy and emerging organic pollutants in the contaminated soil of Dhaka,Bangladesh

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 343-353页

作者： Refayat Nigar Shizhen Zhao Xin Liu Huanfang Huang Lele Tian Yuwei Xiao Ahsan Habib Gan Zhang State key laboratory of Organic {2. Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510640China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control and Guangdong Provincial key laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou510640China Anti-Drug Technology Center of Guangdong Province and National Anti-Drug laboratory Guangdong Regional Center Guangzhou510230China State Environmental Protection key laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou510530China Department of Chemistry University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

The current understanding of the legacy and emerging organic pollutants in the soil of Bangladesh remains *** disposal practices,particularly in e-waste,landfills,and industrial operations,may lead to the pervasive presence of persistent organic pollutants(POPs)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the *** study aimed to systematically investigate the concentrations,sources,and risk assessment of halogenated flame retardants(HFRs),polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs),polychlorinated naphthalenes(PCNs),organochlorine pesticides(OCPs),chlorinated paraffins(CPs),and PAHs in the contaminated soil of Dhaka's dumpsites,e-waste,and industrial areas collected in *** total concentration of investigated pollutants averaged at 4790±4040 ng g^(-1)dw,with the following order:P44CPs(4110±4140 ng g^(-1)dw)>P16PAHs(42.±491 ng g^(-1)dw)>P16HFRs(190±538 ng g^(-1)dw)>P2.9PCBs(43.5±73.5 ng g^(-1)dw)>P50PCNs(17.7±2..0 ng g^(-1)dw)>P2.OCPs(9.41±9.61 ng g^(-1)dw).The e-waste site exhibited the highest total concentration of the target pollutants,reaching 12.700 ng g1 *** were the predominant contributors,accounting for averages of 81.8%,70.5%,and 68.5%to waste landfills,e-waste,and industrial sites,respectively.A comprehensive analysis of 2.9 PCB congeners revealed their primary origin from Aroclor PCBs,with minor contributions from unintentionally produced *** highest incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk(ILCR)occurred in e-waste sites,contributed by dioxin-like PCBs,with a maximum value of 5.9×10^(-5)for adults,exceeding the limit 1.0×10^(-6)set by the *** non-carcinogenic hazard quotients(HQs)were much lower,suggesting no significant risk from the investigated *** findings highlight the importance of proper waste management and regulated e-waste recycling to mitigate potential hazardous risks to the Bangladeshi population.

关键词： Persistent organic pollutants Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Chlorinated paraffins Polychlorinated biphenyls Risk assessment Contaminated soil Bangladesh

Paleo-uplift forced regional sedimentary evolution:A case study of the Late Triassic in the southeastern Sichuan Basin,South China

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Petroleum 2024年第3期10卷 462-473页

作者： Fangyu He Qingsong Cheng Dongtao Zhang Yubing Ji Ziying Wang Tenghui Lu PetroChina Zhejiang Oilfield Company Hangzhou 310023China School of Geoscience and Technology Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Sichuan Natural gas Geology key {2. Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China

The sedimentary environment of the Upper Triassic in the southeastern Sichuan Basin is obviously controlled by Luzhou paleo-uplift(LPU).However,the influence of paleo-uplift on the sedimentary patterns of the initial stages of this period in the southeastern Sichuan Basin has not yet been clear,which has plagued oil and gas exploration and *** study shows that there is a marine sedimentary sequence,which is considered to be the first member of Xujiahe Formation(T_(3)X^(1))in the southeastern Sichuan *** development of LPU resulted in the sedimentary differences between the eastern and western Sichuan Basin recording T_(3)X^(1)and controlled the regional sedimentary *** western part is dominated by marine sediments,but the eastern paleo-uplift area is dominated by continental sedimentation in the early stage of T_(3)X^(1),and it begins to transform into a marine sedimentary environment consistent with the whole basin in the late stage of the period recorded by the Xujiahe *** evidences are as follows:(1)time series:based on the cyclostratigraphy analysis of Xindianzi section and Well D2.in the southeastern Sichuan Basin,the period of sedimentation of the Xujiahe Formation is about 5.9 Ma,which is basically consistent with the Qilixia section,eastern Sichuan basin,where the Xujiahe Formation is widely considered to be relatively complete;(2.distribution and evolution of palaeobiology:based on analysis of abundance evolution of major spore-pollen,many land plant fossils are preserved in the lower part of T_(3)X^(1),indicates the sedimentary environment of continental *** the upper part of T_(3)X^(1),the fossil of terrestrial plants decreased,while the fossil of marine and tidal environment appeared,this means that it was affected by the sea water in the late stages of T_(3)X^(1);(3)geochemistry:calculate the salinity of water from element indicates that the uplift area is continental sedimentary environment in the early stage

关键词： Luzhou paleo-uplift Late Triassic Cyclostratigraphy Palynology Sedimentary environment

Resolving controversies surrounding carbon sinks from carbonate weathering

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第9期67卷 2705-2717页

作者： Xiaoyong BAI Sirui ZHANG Pete SMITH Chaojun LI Lian XIONG Chaochao DU Yingying XUE Zilin LI Mingkang LONG Minghui LI Xiaoyun ZHANG Shu YANG Qing LUO Xiaoqian SHEN State key laboratory of Environmental {2. Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243UUUK College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Geography and Environmental Sciences Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China

The importance of carbonate weathering carbon sinks(CCSs)is almost equal to that of vegetation photosynthesis in the global carbon ***,CCSs have become controversial in formulating carbon neutral policies to deal with global climate problems in various countries,since the carbonate dissolution is *** order to address these controversies,we reviewed recent advances in understanding CCSs and examined the outstanding controversies surrounding *** have analyzed the five controversies,revealing the existence of CCSs,quantifying their magnitude,clarifying their spatiotemporal pattern,and documenting how they have increased and how they evolved under the background of global *** addressing these five controversies,we help to bring clarity to the role of CCSs in the carbon cycle of global terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词： Carbon sink Carbonate weathering Carbon cycle Climate change Anthropogenic driver

Spatial distribution,morphology,and risk assessment of microplastics in sediment from the Pearl River Estuary,China

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 409-418页

作者： Kaiqiang Xu Asfandyar Shahab Jorg Rinklebe He Xiao Jieyue Li Feng Ye Yanhong Li Dunqiu Wang Michael S.Bank Gangjian Wei College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin541004China Guangxi key laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology Guilin541004China University of Wuppertal School of Architecture and Civil EngineeringInstitute of Foundation EngineeringWater-and Waste-ManagementLaboratory of Soil-and Groundwater-ManagementPauluskirchstraße 742285WuppertalGermany Institute of Marine Research 5817BergenNorway University of Massachusetts Amherst AmherstMA01003USA State key laboratory of Isotope {2. Guangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510640China

Microplastics(MPs)(64.12.)of detected MPs were<0.85 mm and primarily consisted of pellets(36.84%)and fragments(2..65%).Three polymer types of MPs were identified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR)includ... 详细信息

Microplastics(MPs)(2.05×10^(3)items·kg^(-1)to 7.75×10^(3)items·kg^(-1)(dry weight),and white and black MPs were the dominant *** majority(>64.12.)of detected MPs were2..65%).Three polymer types of MPs were identified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR)including polyethylene(PE),polyethylene terephthalate(PET),and polypropylene(PP).Polyurethane(PU)sponge was reported for the first time in this study *** of the surface morphology of typical MPs using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)showed that all MPs exhibited varying degrees of erosion,characterized by cracks,folds,and bumpy *** on type and quantity of MPs and the polymers identified,we assessed and classified the risk of MP contamination in PRE sediment as category Ⅲ,indicating severe ecosystem *** results may serve as an effective model for other estuaries facing similar pollution regimes and provides valuable information for marine sediment risk assessment.

关键词： Microplastics Distributional characteristics Surface morphology Risk assessment Pearl River Estuary

Experimental study on reactions between alkaline basaltic melt and orthopyroxenes: constraints on the evolution of lithospheric mantle in the North China Craton

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 354-365页

作者： Hanqi He Mingliang Wang Hongfeng Tang key laboratory for High Temperature and High Pressure Study of the Earth’s Interior Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Resource and Civil Engineering Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000AnhuiChina

The experimental results of the reactions between an alkaline basaltic melt and mantle orthopyroxenes under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of 1300–1400℃ and 2.0–3.0 GPa using a six-anvil apparatus are reported in this *** reactions are proposed to simulate the interactions between melts from the asthenospheric mantle and the lithospheric *** starting melt in the experiments was made from the alkaline basalt occurring in Fuxin,Liaoning Province,and the orthopyroxenes were separated from the mantle xenoliths in Damaping,Hebei *** results show that clinopyroxenes were formed in all the reactions between the alkaline basaltic melt and orthopyroxenes under the studied P–T *** formation of clinopyroxene in the reaction zone is mainly controlled by dissolution–crystallization,and the chemical compositions of the reacted melt are primarily infl uenced by the diff usion eff *** is the most important parameter controlling the reactions between the melt and orthopyroxenes,which has a direct impact on the melting of orthopyroxenes and the diff usion of chemical components in the *** also directly controls the chemical compositions of the newly formed clinopyroxenes in the reaction zone and the reacted *** formation of clinopyroxenes from the reactions between the alkaline basaltic melt and orthopyroxenes can result in an increase of CaO and Al_(2.O_(3) contents in the rocks containing this ***,the reactions between the alkaline basaltic melt from the asthenospheric mantle and orthopyroxenes from the lithospheric mantle can lead to the evolution of lithospheric mantle in the North China Craton from refractory to fertile with relatively high CaO and Al 2.O 3 *** addition,the reacted melts in some runs were transformed from the starting alkaline basaltic into tholeiitic after reactions,indicating that tholeiitic magma could be generated from alkaline basaltic one via reactions betwe

关键词： Alkaline basaltic melt Orthopyroxene Melt–mineral reaction High-temperature and high-pressure experiment Genesis of basalt Evolution of lithospheric mantle in the North China Craton

Extensive Resetting of Feldspar Pb Isotopic Composition in Archean–Paleoproterozoic Granitic Rocks from the Kongling Terrane,South China:Implications for Tracing Thermal Evolutionary History

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第2期98卷 386-398页

作者： MENG Fanxue LU Jie ZOU Zongqi GUO Jingliang MENG Yuanku College of Earth Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdaoShandong 266590China Guangzhou Institute of geochemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China State key laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Feldspar Pb isotopes have been widely used to trace magmatic formation and evolution ***,it remains unclear whether post-magmatic thermal events can affect feldspar Pb isotopic ***,the in situ Pb isotopic composition of feldspar hosted in granitic rocks(thirteen Archean and one Paleoproterozoic)from the northern Kongling terrane,Yangtze Craton,South China,is *** samples reveal a substantial variation in their Pb isotopic composition,spanning the gap between the 1.9 Ga and present-day geochrons,which indicates extensive resetting by later tectonothermal *** resetting was interpreted to have likely resulted from Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic tectonothermal events related to the assembly and breakup of the Columbia and Rodinia *** results suggest that Pb isotopes should be used cautiously when tracing magma sources and petrogenesis in magmatic rocks that have experienced post-magmatic ***,the in situ Pb isotopic composition of feldspar in ancient granitoids may also potentially be used to reveal later tectonothermal *** extensive resetting of the Pb isotopic composition in feldspar by regional thermal events may also provide new insights into our understanding of the Pb isotope paradox.

关键词： in situ Pb isotope Pb isotope resetting thermal event Archean-Paleoproterozoic Kongling terrane