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Activation of skeletal carbohydrate-response element binding protein(ChREBP)-mediated de novo lipogenesis increases intramuscular fat content in chickens

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animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 107-118页

作者： Peng Wang Haihan Xiao Tian Wu Qinghua Fu Xudong Song Yameng Zhao Yan Li Jieping Huang Ziyi Song Guangxi Key Laboratory of animal Breeding Disease Control and PreventionCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi 530004China

The intracellular lipids in muscle cells of farm animals play a crucial role in determining the overall intramuscular fat(IMF)content,which has a positive impact on meat ***,the mechanisms underlying the deposition of lipids in muscle cells of farm animals are not yet fully *** purpose of this study was to determine the roles of carbohydrate-response element binding protein(ChREBP)and fructose in IMF deposition of *** virus-mediated ChREBP overexpression in tibialis anterior(TA)muscle of chickens,seven 5-d-old male yellow-feather chickens were *** 10 d after virus injection,the chickens were slaughtered to obtain TA muscles for *** fructose administration trial,sixty 9-wk-old male yellow-feather chickens were randomly divided into 2.groups,with 6 replicates per group and 5 chickens per *** chickens were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 10%fructose(purity≥99%).At 4 wk later,the chickens were slaughtered,and breast and thigh muscles were collected for *** results showed that the skeletal ChREBP mRNA levels were positively associated with IMF content in multiple species,including the chickens,pigs,and mice(P<0.05).ChREBP overexpression increased lipid accumulation in both muscle cells in vitro and the TA muscles of mice and chickens in vivo(P<0.05),by activation of the de novo lipogenesis(DNL)***,activation of ChREBP by dietary fructose administration also resulted in increased IMF content in mice and notably chickens(P<0.05).Furthermore,the lipidomics analysis revealed that ChREBP activation altered the lipid composition of chicken IMF and tented to improve the flavor profile of the *** conclusion,this study found that ChREBP plays a pivotal role in mediating the deposition of fat in chicken muscles in response to fructose-rich diets,which provides a novel strategy for improving meat quality in the livestock industry.

关键词： Chicken Meat quality Intramuscular fat Carbohydrate-response element binding protein Fructose

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Tumor necrosis factor α deficiency promotes myogenesis and muscle regeneration

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 951-960页

作者： Yu Fu Jing-Ru Nie Peng Shang Bo Zhang Da-Wei Yan Xin Hao Hao Zhang State Key Laboratory of animal Biotech Breeding China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China college of animal {2. Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry UniversityLinzhiXizang 860000China college of animal {2. and technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingYunnan 650201China

Tumor necrosis factorα(TNFα)exhibits diverse biological functions;however,its regulatory roles in myogenesis are not fully *** the present study,we explored the function of TNFαin myoblast proliferation,differentiation,migration,and myotube fusion in primary myoblasts and C2.12.*** this end,we constructed TNFαmuscle-conditional knockout(TNFα-CKO)mice and compared them with flox mice to assess the effects of TNFαknockout on skeletal *** indicated that TNFα-CKO mice displayed phenotypes such as accelerated muscle development,enhanced regenerative capacity,and improved exercise endurance compared to flox mice,with no significant differences observed in major visceral organs or skeletal *** label-free proteomic analysis,we found that TNFα-CKO altered the distribution of several muscle development-related proteins,such as Hira,Casz1,Casp7,Arhgap10,Gas1,Diaph1,Map3k2.,Cfl2.and Igf2.in the nucleus and *** set enrichment analysis(GSEA)further revealed that TNFαdeficiency resulted in positive enrichment in oxidative phosphorylation and MyoD targets and negative enrichment in JAK-STAT *** findings suggest that TNFα-CKO positively regulates muscle growth and development,possibly via these newly identified targets and pathways.

关键词： TNFα Muscle-conditional knockout Myogenesis Regeneration Muscle development

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Proteo-transcriptomic profiles reveal key regulatory pathways and functions of LDHA in the ovulation of domestic chickens(Gallus gallus)

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Journal of animal science and Bio{2. 2024年第4期15卷 1449-1465页

作者： Ruixue Nie Wenhui Zhang Haoyu Tian Junying Li Yao Ling Bo Zhang Hao Zhang Changxin Wu State Key Laboratory of animal Biotech Breeding Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic ImprovementCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Background In poultry, the smooth transition of follicles from the preovulatory-to-postovulatory phase impacts egg production in hens and can benefit the poultry industry. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying follicular ovulation in avians is a complex biological process that remains *** Critical biochemical events involved in ovulation in domestic chickens(Gallus gallus) were evaluated by transcriptomics, proteomics, and in vitro assays. Comparative transcriptome analyses of the largest preovulatory follicle(F1) and postovulatory follicle(POF1) in continuous laying(CL) and intermittent laying(IL) chickens indicated the greatest difference between CL_F1 and IL_F1, with 950 differentially expressed genes(DEGs), and the smallest difference between CL_POF1 and IL_POF1, with 14 DEGs. Additionally, data-independent acquisition proteomics revealed 2.2.differentially abundant proteins between CL_F1 and IL_F1. Perivitelline membrane synthesis, steroid biosynthesis, lysosomes, and oxidative phosphorylation were identified as pivotal pathways contributing to ovulation regulation. In particular, the regulation of zona pellucida sperm-binding protein 3, plasminogen activator, cathepsin A, and lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA) was shown to be essential for ovulation. Furthermore, the inhibition of LDHA decreased cell viability and promoted apoptosis of ovarian follicles in *** This study reveals several important biochemical events involved in the process of ovulation, as well as crucial role of LDHA. These findings improve our understanding of ovulation and its regulatory mechanisms in avian species.

关键词： Chicken Data-independent acquisition proteomics LDHA Ovulation Regulatory mechanism Transcriptome

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Maternal supplementation with mulberry-leaf flavonoids improves the development of skeletal muscle in the offspring of chickens

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animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 72-83页

作者： Zhenwu Huang Hongjian Dai Simeng Li Zhe Wang Quanwei Wei Zhonghua Ning Yuming Guo Fangxiong Shi Zengpeng Lv State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China college of animal {2. and technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing210095China State Key Laboratory of animal Nutrition and Feeding Institute of Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing100193China School of Biotechnology Aksu Vocational and Technical CollegeAksu843000China

The development of skeletal muscle is a crucial factor in determining the meat yield and economic benefits of broiler *** research has shown that mulberry leaves and their extracts can be used to significantly improve the growth performance of livestock and *** present study aims to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle development in broiler offspring by dietary mulberry-leaf flavonoids(MLF)supplementation from the perspective of maternal effect theory.A total of 2.0 Qiling broiler breeder hens were randomly assigned to 3 treatments with different doses of MLF(0,30,60 mg/kg)for 8 weeks before collecting their fertilized *** chicken offspring at 13 and 19 d of embryonic stage,and from 1 to 2. d old after hatching were included in this *** results showed that maternal supplementation increased the breast muscle weight and body weight of the offspring at the embryo and chick stages(P2.and muscle fibre count(P=0.167)at 1 d post-hatching following maternal MLF treatment,while serum uric acid(UA)was decreased at 14 d after hatching(P2.Smad1 and p-Smad1/5/9 in the TGFβsignalling pathway was significantly increased by maternal MLF ***,the increased expression of the target protein p-mTOR in the breast muscle of the offspring chicks is in accordance with the improved growth rate of the breast and the *** conclusion,maternal MLF supplementation can promote muscle protein metabolism and muscle fibre development of chick embryos

关键词： Broiler breeder hen Mulberry-leaf flavonoids Offspring Protein metabolism Skeletal muscle

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Could natural phytochemicals be used to reduce nitrogen excretion and excreta‑derived N_(2.O emissions from ruminants?

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Journal of animal science and Bio{2. 2024年第2期15卷 490-508页

作者： Yuchao Zhao Ming Liu Linshu Jiang Leluo Guan Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyBeijing University of AgricultureBeijing 102206China college of animal {2. and technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada

Ruminants play a critical role in our food system by converting plant biomass that humans cannot or choose not to consume into edible high-quality ***,ruminant excreta is a significant source of nitrous oxide(N_(2.O),a potent greenhouse gas with a long-term global warming potential 2.8 times that of carbon *** phytochemicals or forages containing phytochemicals have shown the potential to improve the efficiency of nitrogen(N)utilization and decrease N_(2.O emissions from the excreta of *** inclusion of tannins can shift more of the excreted N to the feces,alter the urinary N composition and consequently reduce N_(2.O emissions from *** oils or saponins could inhibit rumen ammonia production and decrease urinary N *** grazed pastures,large amounts of glucosinolates or aucubin can be introduced into pasture soils when animals consume plants rich in these compounds and then excrete them or their metabolites in the urine or *** inhibitory compounds are excreted in the urine,they would be directly applied to the urine patch to reduce nitrification and subsequent N_(2.O *** phytochemicals’role in sustainable ruminant production is undeniable,but much uncertainty ***,transient effects,and adverse effects limit the effectiveness of these phytochemicals for reducing N *** this review,we will identify some current phytochemicals found in feed that have the potential to manipulate ruminant N excretion or mitigate N_(2.O production and deliberate the challenges and opportunities associated with using phytochemicals or forages rich in phytochemicals as dietary strategies for reducing N excretion and excreta-derived N_(2.O emissions.

关键词： Nitrogen metabolism Nitrous oxide Plant bioactive compounds Ruminant Urine patches

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Single‑cell sequencing reveals the reproductive variations between primiparous and multiparous Hu ewes

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Journal of animal science and Bio{2. 2024年第2期15卷 614-631页

作者： Ting Ge Yifan Wen Bo Li Xiaoyu Huang Shaohua Jiang Enping Zhang Key Laboratory of animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Background In the modern sheep production systems,the reproductive performance of ewes determines the economic profitability of *** the genetic mechanisms underlying differences in the litter size is important for the selection and breeding of highly prolific *** sheep,a high-quality Chinese sheep breed,is known for its high fecundity and is often used as a model to study prolificacy *** the current study,animals were divided into two groups according to their delivery rates in three consecutive lambing seasons(namely,the high and low reproductive groups with≥3 lambs and one lamb per season,n=3,respectively).The ewes were slaughtered within 12.h of estrus,and unilateral ovarian tissues were collected and analyzed by 10×Genomics single-cell RNA *** A total of 5 types of somatic cells were identified and corresponding expression profiles were mapped in the ovaries of each ***,the differences in the ovary somatic cell expression profiles between the high and low reproductive groups were mainly clustered in the granulosa ***,four granulosa cell subtypes were *** analysis revealed that the abundance of JPH1 expression and the reduction of LOC101112.91 expression could lead to different evolutionary directions of the granulosa ***,the expression levels of FTH1 and FTL in mural granulosa cells of the highly reproductive group were significantly *** genes inhibit necroptosis and ferroptosis of mural granulosa cells,which helps prevent follicular *** This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the high fecundity of Hu *** differences in gene expression profiles,particularly in the granulosa cells,suggest that these cells play a critical role in female *** findings also highlight the importance of genes such as JPH1,LOC101112.91,FTH1,and FTL in regulating granulosa cell function and follicular development.

关键词： Granulosa cells Hu sheep Lambing number Ovarian somatic cells Single-cell RNA sequencing

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Multi-omics revealed the mechanism of feed efficiency in sheep by the combined action of the host and rumen microbiota

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animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 367-379页

作者： Guangchen Zhou Junda Li Xuhui Liang Bohua Yang Ximeng He Hongyu Tang Hongran Guo Gongwei Liu Wenyuan Cui Yulin Chen Yuxin Yang Key Laboratory of animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

This study was conducted to investigate potential regulatory mechanisms of feed efficiency(FE)in sheep by linking rumen microbiota with its host by the multi-omics *** hundred and ninety-eight hybrid female sheep(initial body weight=30.88±4.57 kg;4-month-old)were selected as candidate *** test sheep was fed in an individual pen for 60 days,and the residual feed intake(RFI)was *** ten candidate sheep with the highest RFI were divided into the Low-FE group,and the ten with the lowest RFI were divided into the High-FE group,all selected for sample *** RFI,average daily gain and average daily feed intake were highly significantly different between the two experimental groups(P2..The relative expression levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 and apolipoprotein A4 genes were significantly up-regulated in the liver of High-FE group(P<0.05),but relative expression level of monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 3 gene was significantly down-regulated(P¼0.037).These findings provide the mechanism by which the collaborative interaction between rumen microbiota fermentation and host uptake and metabolism of fermentation products impacts feed efficiency tr

关键词： Residual feed intake Sheep Microbial composition Rumen proteome Liver transcriptome Metabolite

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The AMPK and AKT/GSK3β pathways are involved in recombinant proteins fibroblast growth factor 1(rFGF1 and rFGF1a) improving glycolipid metabolism in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a high carbohydrate diet

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animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 11-24页

作者： Huixia Yu Shuo Geng Shuai Li Yingwei Wang Xin Ren Debin Zhong Haolin Mo Mingxing Yao Jiajia Yu Yang Li Lixin Wang college of animal {2. and technology Northwest A&F University Meixian Aquaculture Farm of Shitouhe Reservoir Administration

Fibroblast growth factor 1(FGF1) regulates vertebrate cell growth, proliferation and differentiation, and energy metabolism. In this study, we cloned rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) fgf1 and fgf1a, prepared their recombinant proteins(rFGF1 and rFGF1a), and described the molecular mechanisms by which they improve glycolipid metabolism in carnivorous fish. A 31-d feeding trial was conducted to investigate whether they could enhance glycolipid metabolism in rainbow trout on high-carbohydrate diets(HCD). A total of 72. rainbow trout(8.9 ± 0.5 g) were equally divided into 4 groups: the chow diet(CD) group injected with PBS, the HCD group injected with PBS, the HCD group injected with rFGF1(400 ng/g body weight), and the HCD group injected with rFGF1a(400 ng/g body weight). The results showed that short-term HCD had a significant positive effect on the specific growth rate(SGR) of rainbow trout(P 2.m RNAs implied the promotion of TG catabolism. Moreover, rFGF1 and rFGF1a contributed to promoting lipolysis by activating the AMPK pathway and reducing lipid accumulation in the liver caused by HCD. In addition,the rFGF1 and r FGF1a-treated groups significantly reduced serum glucose levels and elevated hepatic glycogen content under HCD, and increased glucose uptake by hepatocytes. We observed a decrease in mRNA levels for pepck, g6pase, and pygl, along with an increase in mRNA levels for gys, glut2. and gk in the liver. Furthermore, these proteins regulated hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogen synt

关键词： Rainbow trout Recombinant proteins Fibroblast growth factor 1 Glycogen synthesis Lipid deposition

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Dietary fat supplementation relieves cold temperature-induced energy stress through AMPK-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in pigs

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Journal of animal science and Bio{2. 2024年第4期15卷 1669-1687页

作者： Wei He Xinyu Liu Ye Feng Hongwei Ding Haoyang Sun Zhongyu Li Baoming Shi college of animal {2. and technology Northeast Agricultural University600 Changjiang StreetHarbin 150030PR China

Background Cold stress has negative effects on the growth and health of mammals, and has become a factor restricting livestock development at high latitudes and on plateaus. The gut-liver axis is central to energy metabolism, and the mechanisms by which it regulates host energy metabolism at cold temperatures have rarely been illustrated. In this study, we evaluated the status of glycolipid metabolism and oxidative stress in pigs based on the gut-liver axis and propose that AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) is a key target for alleviating energy stress at cold temperatures by dietary fat *** Dietary fat supplementation alleviated the negative effects of cold temperatures on growth performance and digestive enzymes, while hormonal homeostasis was also restored. Moreover, cold temperature exposure increased glucose transport in the jejunum. In contrast, we observed abnormalities in lipid metabolism, which was characterized by the accumulation of bile acids in the ileum and plasma. In addition, the results of the ileal metabolomic analysis were consistent with the energy metabolism measurements in the jejunum, and dietary fat supplementation increased the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and lipid metabolism. As the central nexus of energy metabolism, the state of glycolipid metabolism and oxidative stress in the liver are inconsistent with that in the small intestine. Specifically, we found that cold temperature exposure increased glucose transport in the liver, which fully validates the idea that hormones can act on the liver to regulate glucose output. Additionally, dietary fat supplementation inhibited glucose transport and glycolysis, but increased gluconeogenesis, bile acid cycling, and lipid metabolism. Sustained activation of AMPK, which an energy receptor and regulator, leads to oxidative stress and apoptosis in the liver;dietary fat supplementation alleviates energy stress by reducing AMPK *** Cold s

关键词： Apoptosis Cold temperature Energy stress Fat Glucolipid metabolism Mitochondrial homeostasis

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Diet xylo-oligosaccharide supplementation improves growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health of broilers

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animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 165-176页

作者： Zhiyong Rao Yue Li Xiaopeng Yang Yongpeng Guo Wei Zhang Zhixiang Wang School of animal science and {2. Henan Agricultural University

The effects of xylo-oligosaccharides(XOS) on broiler growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health were investigated. A total of 540 one-d-old Arbor Acres Plus broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 18 chickens per replicate. Broilers in the control(CON) group received a corn-soybean meal based basal diet, those in the antibiotics(ANT) group received the basal diet plus 500 mg/kg oxytetracycline, and those in XOS groups received the basal diet plus 150, 300, or 450 mg/kg XOS. Compared with CON, the body weight at 42.d and average daily gain from 1 to 42.d were significantly increased in the 150, 450 mg/kg XOS-added and ANT groups(P = 0.018),and the relative expression of claudin-1 and ZO-1 m RNA in the ileum was significantly higher in the 300and 450 mg/kg XOS-added groups(P 2. of broilers from 1 to 42.d of age were significantly lower in all XOS-added groups than in the control group. Splenic index(P = 0.036) and bursa of Fabricius index(P = 0.009) were significantly better in the ANT group and each XOS-added group than in the control group. Compared to CON and ANT,serum Ig A(P = 0.007) and Ig G(P = 0.002. levels were significantly higher in the 300 mg/kg XOS-added group, and the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing genera(Alistipes) was also significantly higher(P < 0.001). Meanwhile, ileal villus height(P < 0.001) and ratio of villus height to crypt depth(V:C)(P = 0.001) were significantly increased in XOS-added broilers. In analysis of relationships between cecal microbes and the physical barrier of the gut, [Ruminococcus]＿torques＿group was positively correlated with m RNA expression of ileal ZO-1 and claudin-1(P < 0.05), and Bacteroides was positively correlated with increased ileal villus height and V:C(P < 0.05). Overall, XOS addition to broiler diets improved growth performance, promoted intestinal health by enh

关键词： Xylo-oligosaccharide Growth performance Intestinal health Immunity Broiler

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