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Allelic reprogramming of chromatin states in human early embryos

national Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 58-71页

作者： Shenli Yuan Lei Gao Wenrong Tao Jianhong Zhan Gang Lu Jingye Zhang Chuanxin Zhang Lizhi Yi Zhenbo Liu Zhenzhen Hou Min Dai Han Zhao Zi-Jiang Chen Jiang Liu Keliang Wu center for Reproductive Medicine Shandong University CAS Key Laboratory of genome Sciences and Information Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development Beijing Institute of Genomicsand China National Center for BioinformationChinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese Academy of Sciences CUHK-SDU Joint Laboratory on Reproductive Genetics School of Biomedical Sciences the Chinese University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of the Ministry of Education Shandong University center for Reproductive Medicine Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University CAS center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The reprogramming of parental epigenomes in human early embryos remains elusive. To what extent the characteristics of parental epigenomes are conserved between humans and mice is currently unknown. Here,we mapped parental haploid epigenomes using human parthenogenetic and androgenetic embryos. human embryos have a larger portion of genome with parentally specific epigenetic states than mouse *** allelic patterns of epigenetic states for orthologous regions are not conserved between humans and mice. Nevertheless, it is conserved that maternal DNA methylation and paternal H3K2.me3 are associated with the repression of two alleles in humans and mice. In addition, for DNA-methylation-dependent imprinting, we report 19 novel imprinted genes and their associated germline differentially methylated regions. Unlike in mice, H3K2.me3-dependent imprinting is not observed in human early ***, allele-specific epigenomic reprogramming is different in humans and mice.

关键词： human embryo epigenetics reprogramming DNA methylation H3K2.me3 chromatin accessibility

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A seven-crystal spectrometer for high-energy resolution X-ray spectroscopy at shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第9期35卷 82-91页

作者： Bing-Bao Mei Liang-Xin Wang Song-Qi Gu Xiao-Zhi Su Shuo Zhang Yao Wei Jing-Yuan Ma Zheng Jiang Fei Song shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China national Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

A Johann-type X-ray spectrometer was successfully developed at the hard X-ray branch(in-vacuum undulator with a 2.-mm periodic length)of the energy material beamline(E-line)at the shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF).This spectrometer was utilized to implement X-ray emission spectroscopy(XES),high-energy resolution fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption spectroscopy(HERFD-XAS),and resonant inelastic X-ray *** spherically bent crystals were positioned on the respective vertical 500-mm-diameter Rowland circles,adopting an area detector to increase the solid angle to 1.75%of 4πsr,facilitating the study of low-concentrate systems under complex reaction *** under the atmosphere pressure,the spectrometer covers the energy region from 3.5 to 18 keV,with the Bragg angle ranging from 73°to 86°during vertical *** offers a promised energy resolution of sub-eV(XES)and super-eV(HERFD-XAS).Generally,these comprehensive core-level spectroscopy methods based on hard X-rays at the E-line with an extremely high photon flux can meet the crucial requirements of a green energy ***,they provide substantial support for scientific advances in fundamental research.

关键词： X-ray emission spectroscopy High-energy-resolution X-ray spectrometer Johann geometry Energy materials SSRF

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Characteristics of cell motility during cell collision

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chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 72-77页

作者：马一凯李娜陈唯 State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China China national center for Bioinformation Beijing 100101China national Genomics Data center Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Quantitative examination of cellular motion and intercellullar interactions possesses substantial relevance for both biology and ***,the effects of intercellular interactions during cellular locomotion remain under-explored in experimental *** such,this study seeks to bridge this research gap,adopting Dictyostelium discoideum(Dicty)cells as a paradigm to investigate variations in cellular motion during reciprocal *** aim to attain a comprehensive understanding of how cell interactions influence cell *** observing and processing the motion trajectories of colliding cells under diverse chemical environments,we calculated the diffusion coefficient(D)and the persistence time(τ),using mean square *** analysis of the relationship dynamics between D andτprior to the collisions reveals intricate and non-monotonic alterations in cell movements during *** quantitatively scrutinizing theτtrend,we were able to categorize the cellular responses to interactions under different ***,we ascertained that the effect of cell interactions during collisions in Dicty cells emulates a classical sigmoid *** discovery suggests that cellular responses might comply with a pattern akin to the Weber–Fechner law.

关键词： cell migration random walk cell-cell interaction

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Quantifying the solid electrolyte interphase stress induced capacity fading of lithium-ion batteries via a multiscale mechanical-electrochemical coupling model

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Science China Technological Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3168-3181页

作者： HE YaoLong XU Peng JIANG DengFeng HU HongJiu LI DaWei SHI SiQi shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics School of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai University shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai University shanghai Frontier Science center of Mechanoinformatics Shanghai University School of Mechanical Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Materials genome Institute Shanghai University

The solid electrolyte interphase（SEI） is widely recognized as a critical factor leading to the capacity fading of lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）. Although SEI stress-related mechanical failure caused by the expansion or contraction of active materials upon cycles is well documented, previously reported SEI components and overpotential varying phenomena due to SEI stress and their effects on the electrochemical performance are poorly understood. Here, we establish a quantitative correlation between capacity fading and the SEI stress by considering its effects on side reactions, especially SEI component evolution, in a multiscale mechanical-electrochemical coupling model. Furthermore, the capacity fading behaviors of two typical cells（Li[NiMnCo]O2.s the cathode, and graphite and silicon as the anode, respectively） were adopted as numerical examples to demonstrate its potential utility and applications. Stress within the SEI was indeed found to play a predominant role in the capacity fading of the graphite and silicon anodes, resulting in 2.% and 69% of the total capacity loss after 2.0 and 100 cycles at 1 C, respectively. This study provides valuable mechanical insights into the variations of SEI properties related to the capacity degradation and SEI optimization and design for LIBs.

关键词： solid electrolyte interphase capacity fading multiscale mechanical-electrochemical coupling stress analysis

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Spatial search weighting information contained in cell velocity distribution

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chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 522-528页

Cell migration plays a significant role in physiological and pathological *** the characteristics of cell movement is crucial for comprehending biological processes such as cell functionality,cell migration,and cell–cell *** of the fundamental characteristics of cell movement is the specific distribution of cell speed,containing valuable information that still requires comprehensive *** article investigates the distribution of mean velocities along cell trajectories,with a focus on optimizing the efficiency of cell food search in the context of the entire *** confirm that the specific velocity distribution in the experiments corresponds to an optimal search efficiency when spatial weighting is *** simulation results indicate that the distribution of average velocity does not align with the optimal search efficiency when employing average spatial ***,when considering the distribution of central spatial weighting,the specific velocity distribution in the experiment is shown to correspond to the optimal search *** simulations reveal that for any given distribution of average velocity,a specific central spatial weighting can be identified among the possible central spatial weighting that aligns with the optimal search ***,our work presents a method for determining the spatial weights embedded in the velocity distribution of cell *** results have provided new avenues for further investigation of significant topics,such as relationship between cell behavior and environmental conditions throughout their evolutionary history,and how cells achieve collective cooperation through cell-cell communication.

关键词： cell migration foraging efficiency random walk spatial search weight

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Fermented soybean meal improved laying performance and egg quality of laying hens by modulating cecal microbiota,nutrient digestibility,intestinal health,antioxidant and immunological functions

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 309-321页

作者： Uchechukwu Edna Obianwuna Lingling Huang Haijun Zhang Jing Wang Guanghai Qi Kai Qiu Shugeng Wu national Engineering Research center of Biological Feed Institute of Feed ResearchChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Wilmar(shanghai)Biotechnology Research&Development center Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200137China

Antinutritional factors in feedstuffs may limit their utilization in livestock production,but fermentation process can be used to improve feed quality;however,studies on fermented soybeans for laying hens remain *** investigated the effect of fermented soybean meal(FSBM)at various inclusion levels as a partial replacement for soybean meal(SBM)on egg production,egg quality,amino acid digestibility,gut morphology and microbiota,antioxidant capacity and immune response of young laying hens.A total of 360 Hy-line Brown laying hens aged 18 weeks were selected and divided into 5 groups of 6 replicates each and 12.birds per *** control group received a basal diet while the trial group received the basal diet with FSBM included at 2.5%,5.0%,7.5%and 10.0%,respectively,for 12.*** findings revealed that the nutritional value of FSBM was higher compared to that of SBM in terms of reduced content of trypsin inhibitors and increased contents of crude protein,amino acids and *** enhanced egg production(P2.and reduced levels of interleukin 1βand tumor necrosis factor alpha)(P2.5%or 5.0%improved amino acid digestibility,gut

关键词： Fermented soybean meal Laying hen Egg production Egg quality Immune response

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Role of polarization evolution in the hysteresis effect of Pb-based antiferroelecrtics

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chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 516-519页

作者： Botao Gao He Qi Hui Liu Jun Chen Beijing Advanced Innovation center for Materials genome Engineering Department of Physical ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201899China Hainan University Haikou 570228China

The electric field-induced irreversible domain wall motion results in a ferroelectric(FE) hysteresis. In antiferroelectrics(AFEs), the irreversible phase transition is the main reason for the hysteresis effects, which plays an important role in energy storage performance. Compared to the well-demonstrated FE hysteresis,the structural mechanism of the hysteresis in AFE is not well understood. In this work, the underlying correlation between structure and the hysteresis effect is unveiled in Pb(Zr,Sn,Ti)O_(3) AFE system by using in-situ electrical biasing synchrotron X-ray diffraction. It is found that the AFE with a canting dipole configuration, which shows a continuous polarization rotation under the electric field, tends to have a small hysteresis effect. It presents a negligible phase transition, a small axis ratio, and electric field-induced lattice changing, small domain switching. All these features together lead to a slim hysteresis loop and a high energy storage efficiency. These results offer a deep insight into the structure-hysteresis relationship of AFEs and are helpful for the design of energy storage material.

关键词： Antiferroelectric Hysteresis effect Structure refinement Perovskite In situ synchrotron radiation

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Accelerating the Control and Elimination of Major Parasitic Diseases in China—On World NTD Day 2.2.

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China CDC weekly 2024年第6期6卷 95-99页

作者： Yuwan Hao Tian Tian Zelin Zhu Yijun Chen Jing Xu Shuai Han Menbao Qian Yi Zhang Shizhu Li Qiang Wang national Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases National Institute of Parasitic DiseasesChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector BiologyMinistry of HealthWHO Centre for Tropical Diseases national center for International Research on Tropical Diseases Ministry of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChinaSchool of Global HealthChinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Neglected tropical diseases(NTDs)are a group of diseases associated with poverty that affect over 1 billion people worldwide(1).On May 31,2.2.,the World Health Assembly(WHA)officially recognized January 30 as World Neglected Tropical Diseases Day through decision WHA74(18).This designation aims to raise awareness about the severe impact of NTDs on disadvantaged populations and to mobilize support for control,elimination,and eradication efforts.

关键词： Diseases diseases disadvantage

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Millisecond dynamics of colloidal suspension studied by X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy at the shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 1-9页

作者： Chen-Hui Cui Zi-Mu Zhou Lin-Feng Wei Song-Lin Li Feng Tian Xiu-Hong Li Zhi Guo Yi-Hui Xu Huai-Dong Jiang Ren-Zhong Tai shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China center for Transformative Science ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy(XPCS)has emerged as a powerful tool for probing the nanoscale dynamics of soft condensed matter and strongly correlated materials owing to its high spatial resolution and penetration *** technique requires high brilliance and beam coherence,which are not directly available at modern synchrotron beamlines in *** facilitate future XPCS experiments,we modified the optical setup of the newly commissioned BL10U1 USAXS beamline at the shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF).Subsequently,we performed XPCS measurements on silica suspensions in glycerol,which were opaque owing to their high *** were collected using a high frame rate area detector.A comprehensive analysis was performed,yielding correlation functions and several key dynamic *** the results were consistent with the theory of Brownian motion and demonstrated the feasibility of XPCS at ***,by carefully optimizing the setup and analyzing the algorithms,we achieved a time resolution of 2.ms,which enabled the characterization of millisecond dynamics in opaque systems.

关键词： XPCS SSRF Silica suspension Glycerol Brownian motion Millisecond dynamics

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Semisynthesis of homogeneous spike RBD glycoforms from SARS-CoV-2.for profiling the correlations between glycan composition and function

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national Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 145-154页

作者： Farong Ye Cheng Li Feng-Liang Liu Xinliang Liu Peng Xu Rong-Hua Luo Wenping Song Yong-Tang Zheng Tianlei Ying Biao Yu Ping Wang center for Chemical Glycobiology Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University MOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Infection Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and BiosecurityShanghai Engineering Research Center for Synthetic ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Key Laboratory of Animal Models and human Disease Mechanisms of chinese Academy of Sciences/Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province Center for Biosafety Mega-Science Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Research Institute of shanghai Jiao Tong University

Vaccines have been the primary remedy in the global fight against coronavirus disease 2.19（COVID-19）.The receptor-binding domain（RBD） of the spike protein, a critical viral immunogen, is affected by the heterogeneity of its glycan structures and relatively low immunogenicity. Here, we describe a scalable synthetic platform that enables the precise synthesis of homogeneously glycosylated RBD, facilitating the elucidation of carbohydrate structure–function relationships. Five homogeneously glycosylated RBDs bearing biantennary glycans were prepared, three of which were conjugated to T-helper epitope(Tpep) from tetanus toxoid to improve their weak immune response. Relative to natural HEK2.3-derived RBD, synthetic RBDs with biantennary N-glycan elicited a higher level of neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.in mice. Furthermore, RBDs containing Tpepelicited significant immune responses in transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Our collective data suggest that trimming the N-glycans and Tpepconjugation of RBD could potentially serve as an effective strategy for developing subunit vaccines providing efficient protection.

关键词： peptide ligation glycosylation glycoprotein

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