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Energy and Power Engineering 2023年第1期15卷 73-103页

作者： Ryszard Petela 152 ranch estates drive Calgary Alberta Canada

Energy determines the ability of matter to work. However, in the given environment, the real usefulness to perform work is determined by exergy. This study covers not only solar, but also any monochromatic thermal radiation. The value of such radiation was determined by its exergy and the ratio of its exergy-to-energy. A novelty in this work is to demonstrate by means of exergy that the usefulness of thermal polychromatic radiation can be increased by its dispersion to monochromatic radiation. This effect is the greater, the lower the temperature of the radiation. Analogies of this effect to the exergetic effect of gas separation have been indicated. The effect of the increase in exergy in the process of radiation dispersion was interpreted by means of a cylinder-piston system that explains this effect with the influence of environmental radiation. The concept of quasi-monochromatic and cumulated radiation was introduced into dispersion considerations and the change in the energetic, entropic and environmental components of the exergy of radiation beams was analyzed. Considerations were illustrated with appropriate examples of calculations considering dispersion of high-temperature radiation, such as extraterrestrial solar radiation and dispersion of low-temperature radiation from water vapor.

关键词： Radiation Exergy Monochromatic Radiation Solar Radiation Water Vapor Radiation Light Dispersion Exergy-Energy Ratio

Pilot testing of CO_(2) capture from a coal-fired power plant-Part 2:Results from 1-MWe pilot tests

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Clean Energy 2020年第1期4卷 12-25页

作者： Sharon Sjostrom Constance Senior ADA-ES-Inc. 640 Plaza DriveSuite 270Highlands RanchCO 80129USA

Using a 1-MWe slipstream pilot plant,solid-sorbent-based post-combustion CO_(2) capture was tested at a coal-fired power *** from pilot testing were used to develop a preliminary full-scale commercial *** sorbent selected for pilot-scale evaluation during this project consisted of an ion-exchange resin that incorporated amines covalently bonded to the substrate.A unique temperature-swing-absorption(TSA)process was developed that incorporated a three-stage fluidized-bed adsorber integrated with a single-stage fluidized-bed ***,following start-up and commissioning challenges that are often associated with first-of-a-kind pilots,the pilot plant operated as designed and expected,with a few key *** two primary exceptions were associated with:(i)handling characteristics of the sorbent,which were sufficiently different at operating temperature than at ambient temperature when design specifications were established with lab-scale testing;and(ii)CO_(2) adsorption in the transport line between the regenerator and adsorber that preloaded the sorbent with CO_(2) prior to entering the *** from the pilot programme demonstrate that solid-sorbent-based post-combustion capture can be utilized to achieve 90%CO_(2) capture from coal-fired power plants.

关键词： CO_(2)capture coal-fired power plant CCS solid sorbent temperature-swing adsorption

Pilot testing of CO_(2) capture from a coal-fired power plant-Part 1:Sorbent characterization

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Clean Energy 2019年第2期3卷 144-162页

作者： Sharon Sjostrom and Constance Senior ADA-ES-Inc. 640 Plaza DriveSuite 270Highlands RanchCO 80129USA

Post-combustion CO_(2)capture followed by sequestration is one of the only feasible means to significantly reduce CO_(2)emissions from existing fossil-fuel-fired power *** paper is Part 1 of a two-part paper highlighting key results from a project sponsored by the US Department of Energy and supported by industrial groups with the objective of demonstrating the viability of solid sorbents for CO_(2)*** overall objective of the effort was to validate solid sorbent-based post-combustion CO_(2)capture through slipstream pilot testing at a coal-fired power plant using a temperature-swing adsorption *** Part 1 of this work,the results from laboratory characterization of the sorbent selected for the pilot-scale demonstration are presented.A great deal of research related to sorbent development and evaluation has occurred to date but,for the most part,these promising materials have yet to be paired with a feasible process and demonstrated at the pilot *** sorbent selected for pilot-scale evaluation under this project consisted of an ion-exchange resin that incorporated amines that were covalently bonded to the *** the sorbent characterization portion of this work,the sorbent was characterized by a range of methods intended to provide information to support the design and operation of the pilot-scale CO_(2)-capture process,including equilibrium adsorption isotherms,adsorption and regeneration kinetics,impact of moisture and oxygen on CO_(2)working capacity,sorbent thermal properties,sorbent strength and attrition,and optimum particle-size *** paper reports results from sorbent characterization testing and how these characteristics influenced the type and size of the CO_(2)-capture process *** Part 2 of this work,results from tests of 1-MWe pilot-scale process equipment loaded with the sorbent described in Part 1 will be presented and analysed.

关键词： CO_(2)capture coal-fired power plant solid sorbent temperature-swing adsorption

How will biomining be applied in future?

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2008年第6期18卷 1302-1310页

作者： C.L.BRIERLEY Brierley Consultancy LLC P.O.Box 630012Highlands Ranch

这篇论文在全世界考察商业 biomining 操作的当前的地位，识别作为一种处理技术驾驶 biomining 的选择的因素，描述挑战到利用这些革新，并且与 biomining 的未来的讨论得出结论。Biomining 商业地用设计垃圾场，堆和搅动的坦克被使用... 详细信息

这篇论文在全世界考察商业 biomining 操作的当前的地位，识别作为一种处理技术驾驶 biomining 的选择的因素，描述挑战到利用这些革新，并且与 biomining 的未来的讨论得出结论。Biomining 商业地用设计垃圾场，堆和搅动的坦克被使用。克服阴沉的费用的技术挑战，处理在矿的低档，低质量、复杂的矿石和利用存在大写的投资要求微生物引起的活动和创新工程的更好的理解。克服 biomining 广告挑战必要改进采矿 company/biomining 改革者合作和知识产权控制。

关键词：生物采矿生物浸取应用技术研究

Effects of experimental season of prescribed fire and nutrient addition on structure and function of previously grazed grassland

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第4期11卷 576-584页

作者： Elizabeth H.Boughton Patrick J.Bohlen Julia H.Maki MacArthur Agro-ecology Research Center 300 Buck Island Ranch RoadLake PlacidFL 33852USA University of Central Florida Biology 4110 Libra DriveOrlandoFL 32816USA School of Natural Resources and Environment University of Florida103 Black HallPO Box 116455GainesvilleFL 32611USA

Aims Understanding the drivers of grassland structure and function fol-lowing livestock removal will inform grassland restoration and ***,we investigated the effects of fire and nutri-ent addition on structure and function in a subtropical semi-native grassland recently released from grazing in south-central *** examined responses of soil nutrients,plant tissue nutrients,bio-mass of live,standing dead and litter,and plant species composi-tion to experimental annual prescribed fire applied during different seasons(wet season *** season),and nutrient additions(N,P and N+P)over 9 *** Experimental plots were set up in a randomized block split-plot design,with season of prescribed fire as the main treatment and nutrient addition as the subplot *** cover data were collected annually from 2002 to 2011 and plant tissue and plant biomass data were collected in 2002-2006 and *** nutrients were analyzed in 2004,2006 and *** Findings Soil total phosphorus(P)levels increased substantially with P addition but were not influenced by prescribed *** of P and N led to increased P and N concentrations in live plant tissues,but prescribed fire reduced N in live *** of tissue N were higher in all plots at the beginning of the exper-iment,an effect that was likely due to grazing activity prior to removal of *** tissue N steadily declined over time in all plots,with annually burned plots declining faster than unburned *** fire was an important driver of standing dead and litter biomass and was important for main-taining grass biomass and percent *** addition was also important:the addition of both N and P was associated with greater live biomass and woody *** of grazing,lack of prescribed fire,and addition of N+P led to a reduction of grass biomass and a large increase in biomass of a woody *** prescribed fire promoted N loss from the system by reducing

关键词： grassland nutrient enrichment nutrient limitation prescribed fire productivity