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A new perspective on evolution of the Baikal Rift

Geoscience Frontiers 2011年第3期2卷 349-365页

作者： Victor D.Mats Tatiana I.Perepelova 13/10 shaar hagay str. Carmiel 20101Israel Limnological InstituteSiberian Branch of the RAS3 ul.Ulan-BatorskayaIrkutsk 664033Russia Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences3 Koptyug aveNovosibirsk 630090Russia

A new model is suggested for the history of the Baikal Rift, in deviation from the classic twostage evolution scenario, based on a synthesis of the available data from the Baikal Basin and revised correlation between tectonic-lithological-str.tigraphic complexes （TLSC） in sedimentary sections around Lake Baikal and seismic str.tigraphic sequences （SSS） in the lake sediments. Unlike the previous models, the revised model places the onset of rifting during Late Cretaceous and comprises three major stages which are subdivided into several substages. The stages and the substages are separated by events of tectonic activity and str.ss reversal when additional compression produced folds and shear str.ctures. The events that mark the stage boundaries show up as gaps, unconformities, and deformation features in the deposition patterns. The earliest Late Cretaceous-Oligocene stage began long before the India-Eurasia collision in a setting of diffuse extension that acted over a large territory of Asia. The NW-SE far-field pure extension produced an NE-str.king half-graben oriented along an old zone of weakness at the edge of the Siberian craton. That was already the onset of rift evolution recorded in weathered lacustr.ne deposits on the Baikal shore and in a wedge-shaped acoustically transparent seismic unit in the lake sediments. The second stage spanning Late Oligocene-Early Pliocene time began with a str.ss change when the effect from the Eocene India-Eurasia collision had reached the region and became a major control of its geodynamics. The EW and NE transpression and shear from the collisional front transformed the Late Cretaceous half-graben into a U-shaped one which accumulated a deformed layered sequence of sediments. Rifting at the latest stage was driven by extension from a local source associated with hot mantle material rising to the base of the rifted crust. The asthenospheric upwarp first induced the growth of the Baikal dome and the related change from finer to coarser molasse deposition. With time, the up

关键词： Sedimentary unit Tectonic phase str.ss reversal Rifting mechanism Three-stage rift historyBaikal Rift

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