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Regulation characteristics of underlying surface on runoff regime metrics and their spatial differences in typical urban communities across China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2022年第8期65卷 1415-1430页

作者： Yongyong ZHANG Jinjin HOU Jun XIA Dunxian SHE Shengjun WU Xingyao PAN institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural {1. Research Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface ProcessesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Changjiang Investigation PlanningDesign and Research Co.Ltd.Wuhan 430014China State Key Laboratory of water {1. and hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Chongqing institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400417China Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban water Cycle and Sponge City Technology Beijing 100048China

The regulation and spatial differences of urban runoffs are of great concern in contemporary hydrological ***,owing to a shortage of basic data sources and restrictions on urban hydrological simulation functions,simulating and investigating the regulation mechanism behind rainfall-runoff processes remain significantly *** this study,the Time Variant Gain Model(TVGM),a hydrological nonlinear system model,was extrapolated to the hydrodynamic model of an urban drainage network system by integrating it with the widely used Stormwater Management Model(SWMM)to adequately simulate urban runoff events while considering various underlying surfaces and runoff routing modes,such as surface,drainage network and river runoff,in urban regions(i.e.,TVGM-SWMM).Moreover,runoff events were characterized using the following four runoff regime metrics:runoff coefficient,capture ratio of annual runoff volume,standardized flood timescale,and the ratio of occurrence time differences between flow and rainfall peak to event duration(peak flow delay time).The characteristics and spatial differences of urban runoff regulations were investigated,and the key impact factors and their relative contributions were identified using multivariate statistical *** communities were selected as our study areas,consisting of communities from Beijing,Shenzhen,Wuhan,and *** results showed that the TVGM-SWMM performed considerably better than SWMM *** comprehensive simulation accuracy of 60%of the events(1./20)improved by 4-86%,with the bias improving the most,followed by the efficiency *** the runoff coefficient,significant spatial differences were identified at the patch scale for the runoff regime metrics,with differences of 0.43,0.22,and 0.1.(p1.in the drainage network system and the forest area ratios(r=0.56),sponge measures(r=0.52),grassland(r=0.48),and impervious surface(r=0.46)in t

关键词： Runoff event Regime metrics Spatial differences Urban rainfall-runoff model Underlying surface regulation

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Back analysis of mechanical parameters of roller compacted concrete dam

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第3期53卷 848-853页

作者： GU ChongShi 1.2,3,LI Bo 1.XU GuangLei 4 &YU Hong 1.2,3 1.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-water {1. and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 21.098,China 2College of water Conservancy hydropower,Hohai University,Nanjing 21.098,China 3National Engineering Research Center of water {1. Engineering Safety,Efficient Utilization and Nanjing 21.098,China 4 Nanjing Hydraulic Research institute,Nanjing 21.029,China 1. State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-water {1. and Hydraulic Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China2. College of Water Conservancy Hydropower Hohai University Nanjing 210098 China3. National Engineering Research Center of Water Resources Engineering Safety Efficient Utilization and Nanjing Nanjing 210098 China4. Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Nanjing 210029 China

In view of the diversity and complexity of mechanical parameters of roller compacted concrete dam(RCCD),the uniform design method,partial least-squares regression(PLS)and least squares support vector machine(LSSVM)were applied to the back analysis of RCCD with the use of the complex nonlinear relationship between dam mechanical parameters and dam *** the process of back analysis,the initial samples of parameters were designed with uniform design ***,a transversely isotropic model of RCCD was established by *** *** this model,training samples of LSSVM model could be *** then,the complex nonlinear relationship between relative values of hydraulic components of dam displacements and mechanical parameters was ***,actual relative values of dam hydraulic components are isolated from the measured data of dam displacements by using *** inputting the isolated relative values into LSSVM model,the back analysis values of RCCD mechanical parameters can be *** example analysis showed that mechanical parameters obtained by the above-mentioned back analysis method are reasonable,and the back analysis method is feasible.

关键词： roller compacted concrete dam mechanical parameters back analysis

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Responses of flood peaks to land use and landscape patterns under extreme rainstorms in small catchments-A case study of the rainstorm of Typhoon Lekima in Shandong,China

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International Soil and water Conservation Research 2022年第2期10卷 228-239页

作者： Yuanhao Liu Jianqiao Han Juying Jiao Baoyuan Liu Wenyan Ge Qingbin Pan Fei Wang institute of Soil and {1. Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100Shaanxi ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of the Loess Plateau Soil Erosion and water Loss Process and Control Ministry of Water ResourcesZhengzhou450003Henan ProvinceChina institute of Soil and {1. Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling712100Shaanxi ProvinceChina China institute of {1. resources and hydropower Resea

Investigations of the formation mechanisms of flood peaks in small catchments facilitate flood prediction and disaster prevention under extreme ***,there have been few studies on the re-sponses of flood peaks to land use landscape patterns using field surveys during extreme rainstorm *** on field data from 1. small catchments near the rainstorm center of Typhoon Lekima,7 landscape indices were *** flood peak and its sensitivity to the land use landscape were investigated by combining remote sensing interpretation and related *** conclusions are as follows:(1.The peak discharge of the small catchment was 2.36e56.50 m3/s,the peak modulus was 8.00 e48.89 m3/(s$km2),and the flood index K ranged from 3.61.to 4.55.(2)Under similar rainfall conditions,the flood peak modulus,K and the proportion of sloping cropland had significantly positive correlations(pplanning and support for the response against disasters caused by extreme floods.

关键词： Extreme rainstorm Flood peak intensity Flood peak sensitivity Land use Landscape pattern

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Formation and Structure of [Al_(1.)(μ_3-OH)_6(μ_2-OH)_6(μ_2-OH)_(1.)(H_2O)_(24)]Cl_(1.)·1.H_2O

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2006年第10期25卷 1217-1227页

作者： SUN Zhong ZHAO Hai-Dong TONG Hong-Ge-Er WANG Rui-Fen ZHU Fan-Zhu College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 China Chemistry Department Yanbei Normal College Datong 037009 China Survey and design {1. of water resources and hydropower Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hohhot 010020 China

Crystal structure of a novel hydrated tridecameric polyaluminium chloride, [Al1.（μ3-OH）6（μ2-OH）6（μ2-OH）1.（H2O）24] Cl1.·1.H2O, has been determined by X-ray structure analysis, obtaining the detailed structural parameters and structure features. Moreover, the formation course was also discussed. The crystal belongs to monoclinic system, space group P21.c, with a = 1.391.（2）, b = 2.3529（3）, c = 2.2395（2） nm, β= 90.407（2）°, V = 7.3307（1.） nm^3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.773 g/cm^3, F（000） = 4040, GOOF = 1.050,μ（MoKα）= 0.829 mm^-1. the final R = 0.0506 and wR = 0.1.53 for 1.553 observed reflections with I〉 2σ（I）. The structure of polycation of the title compound is different from either Keggin-type Al1. consisting of a central tetrahedral AlO4 core surrounded by twelve octahedral AlO6 units through corner-sharing or the ＂three hexameric rings juxtaposed＂ side by side predicted by ＂Core-Links＂ model linked by thirteen octahedral AlO6 units through edge-sharing. It has a ＂tortoise-like＂ structure with turnup ＂forefeet＂ and ＂tail＂, that is, an octahedral AlO6 core is surrounded by a ＂hexameric ring＂ through edge-sharing, then six octahedral AlO6 units are suspended onto the periphery of the ring upper and lower alternately by sharing two neighboring corners with an average turn angle of 21. entad. This kind of hydrated tridecameric polyaluminium chloride with such form is very important to further understand the existing forms and transformation rules of aluminium ion in hydrolysis system of its salts, speculate the process and mechanism of various hydrolysis and polymerization forms from Al（H2O）6^3＋ to Al（OH）3, and establish the relationship between structure and properties.

关键词： hydrated tridecameric polyaluminium chloride crystal structure formation

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Influence of ＂corridor- barrier＂ function on water demand of paddy irrigation in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第B11期51卷 9-15页

作者： GU Shixiang HE Daming LI Yuanhua FU Hua School of water {1. and hydropower Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Yunnan institute of {1. resources and hydropower Engineering Investigation Design and Research Kunming 650021 China Asian International Rivers Center Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China National Center of Irrigation and Drainage Development Beijing 100053 China Yunnan Provincial water {1. Bureau Kunming 650021 China

Based on the daily data at the four weather stations of Baoshan, Jinghong, Yuanjiang in the longitudinal range-gorge region, and Kunming nearby from 1.70 to 2000, the daily evapotranspiration (ET0) changes at the four stations were analyzed. It was found that: (1. the daily ET0 shows the "delay phenomenon", it means that the daily ET0 change goes up to the maximum point in May and then starts to go down with a wave-like "delay phenomenon" at 80%-85% of ET0max value till Autumn, and the change trend significantly differs from that of other regions in China. Affected by the meteorological factors, the maximum values of paddy water demand and irrigation water consumption do not appear with the peak of paddy growth at the same time, it has a two month's delay. Paddy water requirement intensity is 6.1.8.2 mm/d and its change scale extent is less than that in central China. (2) Under the influence of "corridor-barrier" function on the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region (LRGR), the paddy irrigation water requirement was related to latitude, longitude, and altitude. In the region of 23.5 degrees N with altitude 1.50 m, the correlation coefficient between paddy irrigation water demand and latitude is 0.857, the irrigation quota ranges from 6240 to 8550 m(3)/hm(2); and affected by southwest and southeast monsoons in LRGR, the correlation coefficients between the paddy irrigation water demand and the longitude in the east bank and west bank of Red River great canyon are 0.631.and 0.91. respectively, and the irrigation quotas are 7260 -7440 m(3)/hm(2) and 5970-7740 m(3)/hm(2) respectively; the coefficient between paddy irrigation water demand and altitude at 1.0 E area is 0.636, the quota is 6240-8550 m(3)/hm(2).

关键词：蒸发作用灌溉需求季风水文学

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An ideal interval method of multi-objective decision-making for comprehensive assessment of water {1. renewability

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 42-50页

作者： YANG Xiaohua1. YANG Zhifeng1.2, SHEN Zhenyao1.& LI Jianqiang3 1. School of Environment, State Key Laboratory of water Environment Simulation, Beijing Normal Univer- sity, Beijing 1.0875, China 2. School of Environment, Key Laboratory for water and Sediment Sciences of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 1.0875, China 3. water resources and hydropower planning and design general institute, MWR, Beijing 1.001., China Beijing Normal Univ Sch Environm State Key Lab Water Environm Simulat Beijing 100875 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ Sch Environm Key Lab Water & Sediment Sci Minist Educ Beijing 100875 Peoples R China MWR Water Resources & Hydropower Planning & Design Ge Beijing 100011 Peoples R China

In order to estimate water {1. renewability scientifically, an Ideal Interval Method of Multiple Objective Decision-Making (IIMMODM) is presented. This method is developed through improving an ideal point method of multiple objective decision-making. The ideal interval is obtained with assessment standard instead of ideal points. The weights are decided by using the basic point and gray code accelerating genetic algorithm. This method has synthesized the expert’s suggestion and avoided giving a mark for the objective again. It could solve the complicated problem of compatible or incompatible multi-objective assessment. The principle of IIMMODM is presented in this paper. It is used to assess the water {1. renewability for nine administrative divisions in the Yellow River basin. The result shows that the water {1. renewability in the Yellow River basin is very low. Compared with the gray associate analysis method, fuzzy synthesis method and genetic projection pursuit method, the IIMMODM is easier to use. Compared with the ideal point method of multiple objective decision-making, the IIMMODM has good robustness, which is applicable to the comprehensive assessments of water {1..

关键词： water resources renewability, comprehensive assessment, multiple objective decision-making,ideal interval, Yellow River basin.

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Predictive modeling in sediment transportation across multiple spatial scales in the Jialing River Basin of China

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2015年第3期30卷 250-255页

作者： Xiaoying Liu Shi Qi Yuan Huang Yuehong Chen Pengfei Du China institute of {1. resources and hydropower Research State Key Lab.of Water Recycle Modelling20 Chegongzhuang Road West Beijing Forestry University

This research models soil erosion and sediment transportation in the Jialing River Basin based on the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE) with Geographic Information System(G1.) *** have shown that,the improved method based on the RUSLE model was effective in calculating and predicting the annual sediment transport rate in Jialing River Basin in consideration of the hydrological conditions causing the annual variability of soil loss and the changes in the underlying surface resulting from land management *** the observed and simulated sediment loads in the period of 1.89 and 1.98,the simulation values showed a consistent trend with the observed values,and the relative errors were controlled at 20%or *** shows that the model can be used to identify hotspot watersheds with different degree of sediment yield and help to make corresponding land use {1. and soil and water conservation strategy,and thus help to reduce soil erosion in areas surrounding the Three Gorges Project and other reservoirs in other rivers.

关键词： Sediment transportation Multiple spatial scales Jialing River Basin RUSLE

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A study on scheme of soil and water conservation regionalization in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2013年第4期23卷 721-734页

作者：赵岩王治国孙保平张超纪强冯磊史明昌 Key Laboratory of Soil and water Conservation and Desertification Combating of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China Waier resources and {1. planning and design general institute MBR Beijing 100120 China

Regionalization of soil and water conservation is a base for the {1. of soil and water conservation in China. It can provide scientific basis for constructing healthy eco-environment and regional management and development. It makes a brief review of related regionalization of study and makes clear the concept of regionalization of soil and water conservation. In this paper, based on synthetical analysis of the characteristics of eco-environments of China, the principles, indices and nomenclature of the regionalization of soil and water conservation are proposed. Through the construction of the regionalization of soil and water conservation collaboration platform and data reporting system, combined with existing soil and water conservation research, this paper uses the top-down and bottom-up and the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to build soil and water conservation regionalization preliminary scheme, with 8 regions, 41.sub-regions and 1.7 sections divided in China.

关键词： soil and water conservation soil erosion regionalization indices system classification order China

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designing regional pattern for ecosystem restoration:A case study

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第z1期49卷 86-97页

作者： LI Guoqiang , MA Keming, FU Bojie & LIU Shiling State Key Lab of Systems Ecology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.0085, China Department of water Environment, China {1. of water resources and hydropower Research, Beijing 1.0038, China School of Environmental Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 1.0875, China 1. State Key Lab of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 2. Department of water Environment China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100038 China 3. School of Environmental Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

designing regional pattern is challenging for ecosystem restoration both in theory and in practice. The present study proposed a new approach to design regional pattern for ecosystem restoration with a case in the arid valley of Upper Minjiang River, SW China. The procedures are: (1. Determine the regional pattern of main environmental factors based on the relationships between the important environmental factors and the main geographical factors generated from DEM data. (2) Overlay the maps of the main environmental factors. (3) Generate a lookup table according to the species selection rule we proposed to link the candidate restoration species to the main environmental factors.(4) Determine the regional pattern of ecosystem restoration by positioning the restoration species in the map of environmental factors according to the lookup table. The regional restoration pattern designed in this way would be applicable not only to restoring a region, but also to predicting the future landscape change.

关键词： environmental factors, GIS, restoration species, Upper Minjiang River Valley.

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Optimal disc tension infiltrometer estimation techniques for hydraulic properties of soil under different land uses

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第4期9卷 92-98页

作者： Zhou Beibei Wang Quanjiu Wu Xiangbo State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulic Engineering Institute of Water Resources and Hydro-electric EngineeringXi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationChinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water ResourcesNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina Inner Mongolia water {1. and hydropower Survey and design institute Hohhot 010020China

Different land use,and associated variations in agricultural or silvicultural practices,can cause substantial variations in soils’hydraulic ***,the optimal method for measuring these properties may vary,even among neighboring *** this study these variations were examined by comparing measurements of hydraulic properties of soil in fields used for poplar,alfalfa and wheat cultivation obtained with two steady flow methods(the White and Sully,and single disc with multiple tension methods)and two transient flow methods(the single disc with single tension,and multiple tensions with multiple disc radius methods).The fields were all located in Changwu municipality,a major grain-producing area in Shaanxi Province,*** tension infiltrometers were used to measure unconfined,unsaturated infiltration over a range of supply pressure heads(h=−9 cm,−6 cm,−3 cm and 0)at the soil *** soil cores were sampled near the surface to determine bulk density and soil water retention curves at potentials ranging from−0.1. kPa to−1.0 *** hydraulic conductivity values over the range of supply pressure heads were estimated using Wooding’s equation for steady-state flow from a disc *** van Genuchten water retention model was fitted to experimental data to estimate the parameter *** results indicated that land use affects soils’saturated and unsaturated hydraulic ***,steady state flow methods are most appropriate for measuring hydraulic properties of soils under poplar and wheat,due to their high organic contents and saturated hydraulic ***,for soils supporting alfalfa(which are more homogeneous),instant methods provide better results,in addition to substantial time and labor savings.

关键词： soil property hydraulic conductivity land uses disc tension infiltrometer

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