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Conodont diversification during the Ordovician:A perspective from North China and Tarim(Northwestern China)

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第3期57卷 397-407页

作者： WU RongChang Ian G. PERCIVAL Svend STOUGE ZHAN RenBin state {1. laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences W. B. Clarke Geoscience Centre Geological Survey of New South Wales Geological Museum University of Copenhagen

Review of the literature on Ordovician conodont diversification in palaeoplates of North and Western China reveals that four diversity peaks are present in North China,occurring in the middle Tremadocian,early Floian,late Floian,and late Darriwilian,with three of these peaks(excepting that in the late Floian)also being recorded in *** diversification intervals are present in North China,during the Tremadocian,late Floian,early and middle Darriwilian;comparable intervals are observed in the early and late Tremadocian,early Floian,and the Middle Ordovician in *** main conodont diversification episode in both palaeoplates took place in the Darriwilian,at the time of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event.A comparison of conodont diversity patterns in different palaeoplates(North China,Tarim,and South China)demonstrates that conodont radiation events mainly occurred within the Tremadocian,Floian,and *** diversifications in these paleoplates also display some *** contrasting with Tarim and South China,North China witnessed a rapid conodont diversification during late Floian *** diversity in North China and Tarim increased continually and reached a peak in the late Darriwilian,concurrent with a prominent decreasing trend in South *** of conodont diversification in these three palaeoplates may be related to their palaeogeography and tectonic *** conodont diversifications in North China and Tarim are analysed on the background of palaeoenvironments,the main episodes are seen to be partly coincident with second order sea-level changes,particularly in North *** general,conodont radiation correlates with large scale transgressions.

关键词： conodont diversification Ordovician North China Tarim

Charophytes from the Upper Cretaceous to probably Paleocene Jiaozhou Formation in the Jiaolai Basin (Eastern China)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第4期92卷 1647-1648页

作者： LI Shal ZHANG Haichun WANG Qifei WAN Xiaoqiao key {1. of Economic stratigraphy and Palaeogeography Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China state {1. laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Center for Excellence in Life andPaleoenvironment Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China state {1. laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Objective The Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary （K-Pg boundary） marks the beginning of the Cenozoic, and is one of the most important geological boundaries. Charophytes are usually very abundant in the non-marine strata near the KPg boundary, and the change in the charophyte flora can help to recognize the K-Pg boundary. The position of KPg boundary in the Jiaolai Basin, eastem Shandong Province, China is still in dispute. The LK-1.borehole project, which was carried out by the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, produced a high-quality core in northern Jiaozhou, Shandong. In this core, lots of charophyte gyrogonites have been found from the Jiaozhou Formation for the first time. It is significant to study these charophytes, which further helps to find the K-Pg boundary in the Jiaolai Basin.

关键词： Charophytes from the Upper Cretaceous to probably Paleocene Jiaozhou Formation in the Jiaolai Basin LK Eastern China

Middle Cretaceous pCO_2 Variation in Yumen, Gansu Province and its Response to the Climate Events

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第2期92卷 801-813页

作者： LEI Xiangtong DU Zhen DU Baoxia ZHANG Mingzhen SUN Bainian School of Earth Sciences & key {1. of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province) Lanzhou University state {1. laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences key {1. of Petroleum Resources Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The palaeo-atmospheric CO2 concentration （pCOz） variation in the Yumen, Gansu Province during the middle Cretaceous has been reconstructed using the newly established plant photosynthetic gas exchange mechanistic model, and the results show that the pCO2 values are in the range of about 550 -808 ppmv. The present pCO2 values are higher than the pCO2 results （531.641.ppmv） of the previous study according to the Recent standardization of the stomatal ratio method, and much lower than the pCO2 results （882-1.60 ppmv） according to the Carboniferous standardization of the stomatal ratio method. The present pCOz variation is not only within the error range of GEOCARB II and GEOCARB Ill but also is similar to the reconstructed results based on the biochemistry and carbon isotope models. Besides, the present Brachyphyllum specimens were collected from four consecutive horizons of the upper Zhonggou Formation of the Hanxia Section, and the reconstructed pCO2 exhibits the reconstructed pCO2 exhibits a decline trend during the late Aptian to early Albian. This decline variation is probably associated with the Oceanic Anoxic Events （OAElb） and the Cold snap event. With the combination of pCO2 during the Albian to Cenomanian recovered by the plant photosynthetic gas exchange mechanistic model, the pCO2 showed a prominent increase during the late Aptian to early Cenominian, which indicates a response to the greenhouse warming during the middle Cretaceous. Therefore, the mechanical model of the plant photosynthetic gas exchange shows a relatively strong accuracy in the reconstruction of thepCO2 and can reflect a strong relation between the atmospheric CO2 concentrations and climatic events.

关键词： pCO2 greenhouse climate plant photosynthetic gas exchange mechanical model OAElb,Cold snap

Palaeogene fossil Populus leaves from Lanzhou Basin and their palaeoclimatic significance

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2004年第14期49卷 1494-1501页

作者： SUN Bainian1.2, YAN Defei1. XIE Sanping1. CONG Peiyun1. XIN Cunlin1.& YUN Fei1.1. key {1. of Western China抯 Environmental Systems of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. state key {1. of palaeobiology and stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sci-ences, Nanjing 21.008, China key {1. of Western China''s Environmental Systems of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China state {1. laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontolog Chinese Academy of Sci- ences Nanjing 210008 China

An angiosperm compression flora is found in Palaeogene from Lanzhou Basin and the cuticular analysis of Populus davidiana Dode in the flora is carefully made. Fur-thermore, the fossil cuticles are compared with the epidermal structures of extant Populus leaves growing in different en-vironments, i.e. moist, semimoist, and semiarid to arid cli-matic regions. The present experiments indicate that mature leaves of P. davidiana show leaf size from big to small, leaf cuticles from thick to thin and anticlinal walls of epidermal cells from faintness to clarity along with the increase of lati-tudes of the plant distributions, the climatic variation from moist to arid, the annual precipitation from more to less and the annual mean temperature from high to low. The fossil P. davidiana differs from the specimens collected from Shandan in semiarid to arid climatic regions but closely resembles the Wushan leaves in a semi-moist climatic area in a lot of fea-tures. In a word, the new research may reflect that the flora lives in a semi-moist climatic environment. The present dis-covery of compression of Paleogene Populus davidiana is of great significance to studying vegetation types, climatic and environmental changes during the primal uplifting of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

关键词：古气候兰州盆地山杨化石角质层早第三纪被子植物

Community structure and composition of the Cambrian Chengjiang biota

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第12期53卷 1784-1799,1950-1955页

作者： ZHAO FangChen ZHU MaoYan HU ShiXue state {1. laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Chengdu Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources Chengdu Center of China Geological SurveyChengdu 610081China

Based on previously published species data(228 species in over 1. phyla) and field sampling(1.4 species and 1.406 individuals) in the Chengjiang-Haikou-Anning area,we analyzed quantitatively the paleocommunity composition and structure of the Cambrian Chengjiang biota(Cambrian Series 2,eastern Yunnan,China).Arthropods dominate the community both in species diversity(species:37%) and in abundance(individuals:51.8%).Priapulids(individuals:22.6%) and brachiopods(individuals:1..3%) follow in abundance *** arthropod Kunmingella douvillei(26.2%),the priapulid Cricocosmia jinning-ensis(1..4%),and the brachiopod Diandongia pista(1.%) are the three most abundant *** analyses show that the community was dominated by epifaunal organisms(species:63%,individuals:68.4%) followed by infaunal organisms(species:1..9%,individuals:25.9%),nektobenthic organisms(species:1..5%,individuals:2.6%),and pelagic organisms(species:5.3%,individuals:3.1.).The diverse feeding strategies,dominated by suspension feeders(species:35.6%,individuals:26.1.) and hunter/scavengers(species:31.1.,individuals:40.4%),indicate the former existence of a complex food chain and intense *** vagrant omnivores(28.2%),infaunal vagrant hunter/scavengers(1..8%),epifaunal sessile suspension feeders(1..7%),and epifaunal vagrant hunter/scavengers(1..3%) were the most abundant ecological groups,represented primarily by arthropods,poriferans,priapulids,and *** group analyses reveal that the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota is similar in community patterns and functional relations to modern biotas in shallow marine settings.

关键词： Chengjiang biota Cambrian Cambrian explosion evolution paleocommunities

Evolution of marine and terrestrial geobiodiversity in the history of the earth

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第12期53卷 1747-1749页

作者： SHEN ShuZhong ZHOU ZhongHe state {1. laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China key {1. of Evolutionary Systematics Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

People have long been curious about the history of life on the earth-how many different species have existed, when they first occurred, how they evolved over geologic time, and how they reacted to major environmental ... 详细信息

关键词： Evolution of marine and terrestrial geobiodiversity in the history of the earth

Toward a stepwise Kwangsian Orogeny

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第5期57卷 379-387页

作者： CHEN Xu FAN JunXuan CHEN Qing TANG Lan HOU XuDong state {1. laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Metallurgy Guangxi University

The Kwangsian Orogeny originated along the southeast coast of China and stepwise developed in a northwest *** includes two stages,a long locally varying uplift from the Late Ordovician to the early Silurian and a finally tectonic movement near the Silurian and Devonian *** Kwangsian uplift event shows a stepwise delay northwestwards from the southeastern coast area in Nemagraptus gracilis Biozone(Sa1.to the south side of the Xuefeng Mountains in or later than Cystograptus vesiculosus Biozone(R3)to Coronograptus cyphus Biozone(R4).In the southern of Yangtze Platform,the Yichang Uplift was droved by the Kwangsian Orogeny forming a diachronous stratigraphical break through Rhuddanian and *** distribution of the early Telychian lower marine red beds indicates a northwestward increase of the Cathaysian *** evidence may explain why the Kwangsian movement was marked by an angular disconformity during the Pridoli to earliest Devonian interval.

关键词： uplift stage of the Kwangsian Orogeny Kwangsian movement stepwise initiation of the Kwangsian Orogeny Katian Rhuddanian Aeronian

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Special Lateral Increase in a Permian Rugose Coral Kepingophyllum aksuence Wu et Chow

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第2期85卷 465-470页

作者： ZHANG Feng WANG Xiangdong Chongqing Museum of Natural History Chongqing 400700 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China state {1. laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

Well-preserved specimens of Kepingophyllum aksuence Wu et Chow were collected from Early Permian strata in western Tarim Basin, Xinjiang. More than 1.0 serial thin sections were made for this study. Kepingophyllum aksuence displays a unique increase pattern. The bud appears in lonsdaleoid dissepiments between the corallites where the wall of parent corallite disappears and the area becomes aphroid. This increase pattern is different from other lateral increases of most colonial rngose corals, and therefore has taxonomic significance to differentiate Kepingophyllidae from other compound rugose corals. It is also discussed that Kepingophyllum aksuence has a high ＂reproductive integration＂, which means a rapid growth of buds during the offsetting process. Kepingophyllum was possibly originated from Ivanovia and was also a probable ancestor of Wentzellophyllum, which is supported here by more or less the similarity of the blastogeny in different stages of three taxa.

关键词： Coral Kepingophyllum aksuence lateral increase blastogeny taxonomy evolution

Cambrian integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第1期62卷 25-60页

作者： Maoyan ZHU Aihua YANG Jinliang YUAN Guoxiang LI Junming ZHANG Fangchen ZHAO Soo-Yeun AHN Lanyun MIAO state {1. laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy & Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Centre for Research and Education on Bilogical Evolution and Environment Nanjing University

The Cambrian Period is the first period of the Phanerozoic Eon and witnessed the explosive appearance of the metazoans, representing the beginning of the modern earth-life system characterized by animals in contrary to the Precambrian earth-life system dominated by microbial life. However, understanding Cambrian earth-life system evolution is hampered by regional and global stratigraphic correlations due to an incomplete chronostratigraphy and consequent absence of a highresolution timescale. Here we briefly review the historical narrative of the present international chronostratigraphic framework of the Cambrian System and summarize recent advances and problems of the undefined Cambrian stage GSSPs, in particular we challenge the global correlation of the GSSP for the Cambrian base, in addition to Cambrian chemostratigraphy and geochronology. Based on the recent advances of the international Cambrian chronostratigraphy, revisions to the Cambrian chronostratigraphy of China, which are largely based on the stratigraphic record of South China, are suggested, and the Xiaotanian Stage is newly proposed for the Cambrian Stage 2 of China. We further summarize the integrative stratigraphy of South China, North China and Tarim platforms respectively with an emphasis on the facies variations of the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary successions and problems for identification of the Cambrian base in the different facies and areas of China. Moreover, we discuss stratigraphic complications that are introduced by poorly fossiliferous dolomite successions in the upper Cambrian System which are widespread in South China, North China and Tarim platforms.

关键词： Cambrian stratigraphy Golden Spike GSSP Geochronology South China North China Tarim