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Targeted regeneration and upcycling of spent graphite by defect‐driven tin nucleation

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Carbon Energy 2024年第4期6卷 91-103页

作者： Zhiheng Cheng Zhiling Luo Hao Zhang Wuxing Zhang Wang Gao Yang Zhang Long Qie Yonggang Yao Yunhui Huang Kun Kelvin Fu state {1. laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina key {1. of Automobile Materials(Jilin University) Ministry of EducationDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchunChina Electronic Materials Research laboratory({1. Lab of Education Ministry) School of Electronic and Information Engineeringand Instrumental Analysis CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina Department of Mechanical engineering University of DelawareNewarkUSA

The recycling of spent batteries has become increasingly important owing to their wide applications,abundant raw material supply,and sustainable *** with the degraded cathode,spent anode graphite often has a relatively intact structure with few defects after long ***,most spent graphite is simply burned or discarded due to its limited value and inferior performance on using conventional recycling methods that are complex,have low efficiency,and fail in performance ***,we propose a fast,efficient,and“intelligent”strategy to regenerate and upcycle spent graphite based on defect‐driven targeted *** Sn as a nanoscale healant,we used rapid heating(~50 ms)to enable dynamic Sn droplets to automatically nucleate around the surface defects on the graphite upon cooling owing to strong binding to the defects(~5.84 eV/atom),thus simultaneously achieving Sn dispersion and graphite *** a result,the regenerated graphite showed enhanced capacity and cycle stability(458.9 mAh g^(−1. at 0.2 A g^(−1. after 1.0 cycles),superior to those of commercial *** from the self‐adaption of Sn dispersion,spent graphite with different degrees of defects can be regenerated to similar structures and *** analysis indicates that targeted regeneration and upcycling have significantly lower energy consumption(~99%reduction)and near‐zero CO_(2) emission,and yield much higher profit than hydrometallurgy,which opens a new avenue for direct upcycling of spend graphite in an efficient,green,and profitable manner for sustainable battery manufacture.

关键词： battery recycling spent graphite targeted regeneration upcycling graphite

Atomically dispersed calcium as solid strong base catalyst with high activity and stability

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第10期9卷 1619-1626页

作者： Xiang-Bin Shao Zhi-Wei Xing Si-Yu Liu Ke-Xin Miao Shi-Chao Qi Song-Song Peng Xiao-Qin Liu Lin-Bing Sun state {1. laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM)College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University30 South Puzhu Road

Solid strong base catalysts are highly attractive for diverse reactions owing to their advantages of neglectable corrosion,facile separation,and environmental ***,their widespread applications are impeded by basic components aggregation and low *** this work,we fabricate single calcium atoms on graphene （denoted as Ca1.G） by use of a redox strategy for the first time,producing solid strong base catalyst with high activity and *** precursor Ca（NO3）2is first reduced to CaO at 400℃ by the support graphene,forming CaO/G with conventional basic sites,and the subsequent reduction at 850℃ results in the generation of Ca1.G with atomically dispersed *** characterizations reveal that Ca single atoms are anchored on graphene in tetra-coordination （Ca–C2–N2） where N is in situ doped from Ca（NO3）*** atomically dispersed Ca,along with their anchoring on the support,endow Ca1.G with high activity and stability toward the transesterification reaction of ethylene carbonate with *** turnover frequency value reaches 1.8.0 h-1.n Ca1.G,which is much higher than the traditional counterpart CaO/G and various reported solid strong bases (2.9–46.2 h-1..Moreover,the activity of Ca1.G is well maintained during 5 cycles,while 60% of activity is lost for the conventional analogue CaO/G due to the leaching of Ca.

关键词： Solid strong base Single Ca atoms Heterogeneous catalysts Transesterification Reaction

Blast damage zone strength reduction method for deep cavern excavation and its application

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Frontiers of Structural and civil {1. 2024年第2期18卷 236-251页

作者： Tianzhi YAO Zuguo MO Li QIAN Yunpeng GAO Jianhai ZHANG Xianglin XING Enlong LIU Ru ZHANG state {1. laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River engineering College of Water Resources and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Power China Chengdu engineering Corporation Limited Chengdu 610072China

The drill and blast(D&B)method is widely used to excavate underground spaces,but explosions generally cause damage to the ***,no blast simulation method can provide computational accuracy and *** this paper,a blast equivalent simulation method called the blast damage zone strength reduction(BDZSR)method is *** method first calculates the range of the blast-induced damage zone(BDZ)by formulae,then reduces the strength and deformation parameters of the rock within the BDZ ahead of excavation,and finally calculates the excavation damage zone(EDZ)for the D&B method by numerical *** method combines stress wave attenuation,rock damage criteria and stress path variation to derive the BDZ depth calculation *** formulae consider the initial geo-stress,and the reliability is verified by numerical *** calculation of BDZ depth with these formulae allows the corresponding numerical simulation to avoid the time-consuming dynamic calculation process,thus greatly enhancing the calculation *** method was applied to the excavation in Jinping Class II hydropower station to verify its *** results show that the BDZSR method can be applied to blast simulation of underground caverns and provide a new way to study blast-induced damage.

关键词： attenuation of stress wave deep-buried underground building drill and blast in situ stress

In situ regulating intimately connected heterostructure by decomposition of solid solution oxides toward high-efficient water oxidation

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1557-1569页

作者： Shao-Fei Zhang Xiao-Lu Yin Jin Wang Jian-Li Kang Tian-Tian Li Jin-Feng Sun Yong-Qiang Meng Jian-Jiang Wang Dian-Long Wang Kai-Qiang Qin Hebei key {1. of Flexible Functional Materials/Hebei key {1. of Material Near-Net Forming Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050018China key {1. of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology/Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China Electrochemical Engine Center Department of Mechanical EngineeringPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Heterogeneous interfaces produced by interdomain interactions on a nanoscale performs a crucial role in boosting the properties of an electrocatalyst toward oxygen evolution reaction(OER)***,a series of dual-phase electrodes with intimately connected heterointerfaces are prepared by in situ decomposing solid solution oxide of Ni_(x)Co_(y)Fe_(1.0-x-y)O,which grew on Ni foam massively via an ultrafast combustion ***,with high-reaction kinetics caused by the reduction treatment at 450℃,the less electronegative Fe and Co are more oxyphilic than Ni,which facilitated their co-exsolution and formation of CoFe_2O_4/NiO oxide with enriched oxygen *** from the nanoporous framework,heterojunction structure,and oxygen defects,the self-supporting electrodes present rapid charge/mass transmission and provide abundant active sites for *** optimized sample(R-SNCF4.5)shows low overpotentials of 226 and 324 mV at 1. and1.0 mA·cm^(-2),a small Tafel slope(46.7 mV·dec^(-1.),and excellent *** assembled R-SNCF4.5//Pt/C/NF electrolyzer demonstrates continuous electrolysis over 50 h at a current density of 1. mA·cm^(-2),under 1.51.*** functional theory(DFT)calculations verify that the strong electronic modulation plays a critical part in the CoFe_2O_4/NiO hybrid by lowering the energy barriers for the ratedetermining steps,and Fe sites are the most active OER sites.

关键词： Rapid combustion Decomposition of solid solution oxide Dual-phase heterostructure Oxygen evolution reaction Theoretical calculation

Highly Porous Yet Transparent Mechanically Flexible Aerogels Realizing Solar-Thermal Regulatory Cooling

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 231-243页

作者： Meng Lian Wei Ding Song Liu Yufeng Wang Tianyi Zhu Yue-EMiao Chao Zhang Tianxi Liu state {1. laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China key {1. of Synthetic and Biological Colloids Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122People’s Republic of China

The demand for highly porous yet transparent aerogels with mechanical flexibility and solar-thermal dual-regulation for energy-saving windows is significant but ***,a delaminated aerogel film(DAF)is fabricated through filtration-induced delaminated gelation and ambient *** delaminated gelation process involves the assembly of fluorinated cellulose nanofiber(FCNF)at the solid-liquid interface between the filter and the filtrate during filtration,resulting in the formation of lamellar FCNF hydrogels with strong intra-plane and weak interlayer hydrogen *** exchanging the solvents from water to hexane,the hydrogen bonding in the FCNF hydrogel is further enhanced,enabling the formation of the DAF with intra-layer mesopores upon ambient *** resulting aerogel film is lightweight and ultra-flexible,which pos-sesses desirable properties of high visible-light transmittance(91.0%),low thermal conductivity(33 mW m^(-1. K^(-1.),and high atmospheric-window emissivity(90.1.).Furthermore,the DAF exhibits reduced surface energy and exceptional hydrophobicity due to the presence of fluorine-containing groups,enhancing its durability and UV ***,the DAF has demonstrated its potential as solar-thermal regulatory cooling window materials capable of simultaneously providing indoor lighting,thermal insulation,and daytime radiative cooling under direct ***,the enclosed space protected by the DAF exhibits a temperature reduction of 2.6℃ compared to that shielded by conventional architectural glass.

关键词： Transparent aerogel Cellulose nanofiber aerogel Delaminated gelation Thermal insulation Passive daytime radiative cooling

Cyclic shear behavior of en-echelon joints under constant normal stiffness conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3419-3436页

作者： Bin Wang Yujing Jiang Qiangyong Zhang Hongbin Chen Richeng Liu Yuanchao Zhang Graduate School of engineering Nagasaki UniversityNagasaki852-8521Japan Research Center of Geotechnical and Structural engineering Shandong UniversityJi’nan250061China state {1. laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China College of civil {1. Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108China

To reveal the mechanism of shear failure of en-echelon joints under cyclic loading,such as during earthquakes,we conducted a series of cyclic shear tests of en-echelon joints under constant normal stiffness(CNS)*** analyzed the evolution of shear stress,normal stress,stress path,dilatancy characteristics,and friction coefficient and revealed the failure mechanisms of en-echelon joints at different *** results show that the cyclic shear behavior of the en-echelon joints is closely related to the joint angle,with the shear strength at a positive angle exceeding that at a negative angle during shear *** the number of cycles increases,the shear strength decreases rapidly,and the difference between the varying angles gradually *** occurs in the early shear cycles(1.and 2),while contraction is the main feature in later cycles(31.).The friction coefficient decreases with the number of cycles and exhibits a more significant sensitivity to joint angles than shear *** joint angle determines the asperities on the rupture surfaces and the block size,and thus determines the subsequent shear failure mode(block crushing and asperity degradation).At positive angles,block size is more greater and asperities on the rupture surface are smaller than at nonpositive ***,the cyclic shear behavior is controlled by block crushing at positive angles and asperity degradation at negative angles.

关键词： En-echelon joint Cyclic shear tests Shear stress Normal displacement Constant normal stiffness(CNS)

Internal Polarization Field Induced Hydroxyl Spillover Effect for Industrial Water Splitting Electrolyzers

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 438-449页

作者： Jingyi Xie Fuli Wang Yanan Zhou Yiwen Dong Yongming Chai Bin Dong state {1. laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChina University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580People’s Republic of China

The formation of multiple oxygen intermediates supporting efficient oxygen evolution reaction(OER)are affinitive with hydroxyl ***,ability of the catalyst to capture hydroxyl and maintain the continuous supply at active sits remains a tremendous ***,an affordable Ni2P/FeP2 heterostructure is presented to form the internal polarization field(IPF),arising hydroxyl spillover(HOSo)during *** by IPF,the oriented HOSo from FeP2 to Ni2P can activate the Ni site with a new hydroxyl transmission channel and build the optimized reaction path of oxygen intermediates for lower adsorption energy,boosting the OER activity(242 mV *** at 1.0 mA cm-2)for least 1.0 *** interestingly,for the anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer(AEMWE)with low concentration electrolyte,the advantage of HOSo effect is significantly amplified,delivering 1.A cm^(-2)at a low cell voltage of 1.88 V with excellent stability for over 50 h.

关键词： Hydroxyl spillover effect Internal polarization field Heterostructure Oxygen reduction reaction Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis

Microbially-mediated formation of Ca-Fe carbonates during dissimilatory ferrihydrite reduction:Implications for the origin of sedimentary ankerite

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 208-221页

作者： Deng LIU Jinpeng CAO Shanshan YANG Yating YIN Pengcong WANG Dominic PAPINEAU Hongmei WANG Xuan QIU Genming LUO Zongmin ZHU Fengping WANG state {1. laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China London Centre for Nanotechnology University College LondonLondon WC1H 0AHUK Department of Earth Sciences University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Center for Planetary Sciences University College London and Birkbeck College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK state {1. laboratory of Microbial Metabolism State Key Laboratory of Ocean EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

The origin of sedimentary dolomite has become a long-standing problem in the Earth *** carbonate minerals like ankerite have the same crystal structure as dolomite,hence their genesis may provide clues to help solving the dolomite *** purpose of this study was to probe whether microbial activity can be involved in the formation of ***-carbonation experiments associated with microbial iron reduction were performed in batch systems with various concentrations of Ca^(2+)(0–20 mmol/L),with a marine iron-reducing bacterium Shewanella piezotolerans WP3 as the reaction mediator,and with lactate and ferrihydrite as the respective electron donor and *** biomineralization data showed that Ca-amendments expedited microbially-mediated ferrihydrite reduction by enhancing the adhesion between WP3 cells and ferrihydrite *** bioreduction,siderite occurred as the principal secondary mineral in the Ca-free ***,Ca-Fe carbonates were formed when Ca^(2+)ions were *** CaCO_(3) content of microbially-induced Ca-Fe carbonates was positively correlated with the initial Ca2+*** Ca-Fe carbonate phase produced in the 20 mmol/L Ca-amended biosystems had a chemical formula of Ca_(0.8)Fe_(1.2)(CO_(3))_(2),which is close to the theoretical composition of *** ankeritelike phase was nanometric in size and spherical,Ca-Fe disordered,and structurally *** simulated diagenesis experiments further demonstrated that the resulting ankerite-like phase could be converted into ordered ankerite under hydrothermal *** introduced the term“proto-ankerite”to define the Ca-Fe phases that possess near-ankerite stoichiometry but disordered cation *** the basis of the present study,we proposed herein that microbial activity is an important contributor to the genesis of sedimentary ankerite by providing the metastable Ca-Fe carbonate precursors.

关键词： Ankerite Proto-ankerite Microbial iron reduction Dolomite problem Mineral transformation

Towards green asphalt materials with lower emission of volatile organic compounds: A review on the release characteristics and its emission reduction additives

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Journal of Road engineering 2024年第3期4卷 292-317页

作者： Xiwen Chang Feng Wang Rui Wu Chen Wang Yue Xiao state {1. laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Materials Science and engineering Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Faculty of civil {1. and Geosciences Delft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CNthe Netherlands

Recently, researchers in the road field are focusing on the development of green asphalt materials with loweremission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The characterization methodology of asphalt VOCs and theinfluencing factors on VOCs release have always been the basic issue of asphalt VOCs emission reduction *** have proposed a variety of asphalt VOCs characterization methodologies, which also have mutuallyirreplaceable characteristics. Asphalt VOCs volatilization is affected by many factors. In this study, asphalt VOCscharacterization methodologies were summarized, including their advantages, disadvantages, characteristics andapplicable requirements. Subsequently, the influencing factors of VOCs release, such as asphalt types and environment conditions, are summarized to provide theoretical support for the emission reduction research. Theclassification and mechanism of newly-development asphalt VOCs emission reduction materials are reviewed. Thereduction efficiencies are also compared to select better materials and put forward the improvement objective ofnew materials and new processes. In addition, the prospects about development of VOCs release mechanism ofasphalt materials during the full life cycle and feasibility research of high-efficiency composite emission reductionmaterials in the future were put forward.

关键词： Asphalt VOCs Volatile organic compounds Green asphalt materials reduction efficiency Hazardous emission