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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第12期42卷 1347-1354页

作者： Yi Yang Jingwen Wang Yang Xiao Bowei Xu Jianhui Hou state {1. laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China state {1. laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBejing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Comprehensive Summary Cathode interlayers(CILs)play an essential role in achieving efficient organic solar cells(OSCs).However,the electronic structure at the electrode/CIL/active layer interfaces and the underlying mechanisms for electron collection remain unclear,which becomes a major obstacle to develop high-performance ***,we investigate the relationship of the electron collection abilities of four cross-linked and n-doped CILs(c-NDI:P0,c-NDI:P1.c-NDI:P2,c-NDI:P3)with their electronic structure of space charge region at heterojunction *** accurately calculating the depletion region width according to the barrier height,doping density and permittivity,we put forward that the optimal thickness of CIL should be consistent with the depletion region width to realize the minimum energy *** a result,the depletion region width is largely reduced from 1. nm to 0.8 nm at the indium tin oxide(ITO)/c-NDI:P0 interface,resulting in a decent PCE of 1..7%for the corresponding inverted OSCs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Cathode interlayer Depletion region width Electric conductivity Electron transport Electron transfer Electron extraction process

Dynamically lithium-compensated polymer artificial SEI to assist highly stable lithium-rich manganese-based anode-free lithium metal batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第6期43卷 2527-2535页

作者： Ming-Ji Peng Jin-Qiu Zhou Ting-Ting Han Yang Zhou Jie Liu Na Xu Zhen-Kang Wang Wen-Bin Lin Cheng-Lin Yan key {1. of Core Technology of High Specific Energy Battery and key Materials for Petroleum and Chemical Industry College of EnergySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Light Industry Instituteof Electrochemical Power Sources Suzhou 215006China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China e-mail:jliu93@*** state {1. laboratory of space Power-Sources Technology Shanghai Institute of Space Power-SourcesShanghai 200245China Centre Energie Materiaux et TélécommunicationsInstitut National de la Recherche ScientifiqueVarennesQC J3X 1S2Canada Zhangjiagang Industrial Technologies Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

Owing to the unique structure,anode-free lithium metal batteries(AFLMBs)have higher energy density and lower production cost than traditional lithium metal batteries(LMBs)or lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),However,AFLMBs suffer from an inherently finite Li reservoir and exhibit poor cycle stability,low Coulombic efficiency(CE)and severe dendrite *** this work,polydiallyl lithium disulfide(PDS-Li)was successfully synthesized and coated on Cu current collector by electrochemical *** PDS-Li acts as an additional lithium resource to compensate for the irreversible loss of lithium during *** addition,the special structure and lithiophilicity of PDS-Li contribute to lower nucleation overpotential and uniform lithium *** coupled with Li-rich manganese-based(LRM)cathode of Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.1.Co0.1.O2,the anode-free full cell exhibits significantly improved cycle stability over 1.0 cycles and capacity retention of 63.3%and 57%after 80 and 1.0 cycles,*** believe that PDS-Li can be used to ensure stable cycling performance and high-energy-density in AFLMBs.

关键词： Anode-free Artificial solid electrolyte interphase(SEI) Lithium metal batteries Lithium-rich cathode Finite element simulation

Evaluating CMIP6 models in simulating the North Pacific decadal variability in sea surface salinity

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2661-2680页

作者： Jian CHEN Hailong LIU Pengfei LIN Wenrong BAI Chengzu BAI Lu WANG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China state {1. laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering Xi’an 710054China Beijing Municipal Climate Center Beijing Meteorological BureauBeijing 100089China space System Department Equipment Department Beijing 100096China

The North Pacific sea surface salinity(SSS)decadal variability(NPSDV)and its potential forcing were evaluated from 25 coupled models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6)considering the prospects for decadal climate *** results indicated that the CMIP6 models generally reproduced the spatial patterns of *** large standard deviation of the SSS anomaly over the strong current regions,such as the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension(KOE),North Pacific Current(NPC),California Current System(CCS),and Alaskan Coastal Current(ACC),is reflected in the two leading modes of NPSDV:a dipole with out-of-phase loadings in the KOE-NPC versus CCS-ACC and a monopole with positive loading over the *** order of modes is sensitive to individual models that exhibit discrepancies,especially in temporal phases and power *** autoregressive model of order-1.was used to reconstruct the NPSDV with several forcing *** generally weaker influence of forcings in an autoregressive model of order-1.is partly related to the overestimated response time of NPSDV relative to *** NPSDV variances originate from the persistence of SSS anomalies,but the dominant forcing factors are diverse among *** model diversity for the NPSDV simulation mainly arises from the influence of the tropical El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation through teleconnection on the North Pacific Oscillation or Aleutian Low with timescale ***,models that can reproduce the NPSDV well are not dependent on those with larger impacts from the North Pacific oceanic processes.

关键词： North Pacific Sea surface salinity Decadal variability CMIP6 Leading mode

A lunar time scale from the perspective of the Moon’s dynamic evolution

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 234-251页

作者： Dijun GUO Jianzhong LIU James WHEAD Fuqin ZHANG Zongcheng LING Shengbo CHEN Jianping CHEN Xiaozhong DING Jinzhu JI Ziyuan OUYANG state {1. laboratory of space weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center for Lunar and Planetary Sciences Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Department of Earth Environmental and Planetary SciencesBrown UniversityProvidence RI 02912USA Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Shandong Provincial key {1. of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China College of Geoexploration Science and Technology Jilin UniversityChangchun 130026China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Inner Mongolia University of TechnologyHohhot 010051China Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230026China

A geologic time scale is a chronological system that separates the geological strata of a planetary body into different units in temporal sequence and shows its progressive *** time scale of the Moon was established a half-century ago during the telescopic-early Apollo exploration era,using data with limited spatial coverage and *** past decades have seen a wide array of studies,which have significantly extended our understanding of global lunar geologic *** on a comprehensive review of lunar evolution with respect to the dynamical changes,we propose two major updates to the current lunar time scale paradigm to include the evolution of both endogenic and exogenic dynamic forces now known to have influenced early lunar ***,based on the temporal interplay of exogenic and endogenic processes in altering the Moon,we defined three Eon/Eonothem-level units to represent three dynamical evolutionary ***,the pre-Nectarian System is redefined and divided as the magma ocean-era Magma-oceanian System and the following Aitkenian System beginning with the South Pole-Aitken *** ejecta of this basin,Das Formation,was deposited on the primordial lunar crust as the oldest stratum produced from exogenic *** updated lunar time scale,facilitated by the post-Apollo exploration and research advances,provides an integrated framework to depict the evolution of the Moon and has important implications for the geologic study of other terrestrial planets.

关键词： The Moon Geologic time scale Evolution history Endogenic process Exogenic process

The Evolution of Photospheric Current Density During an X9.3-Class Solar Flare

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 189-200页

作者： Hai-Li Li Hong-Fei Liang Xin-Ping Zhou Yu Liu Ni Meng Yu-Long Feng Department of Physics Yunnan Normal UniversityKunming 650500China state {1. laboratory of space weather Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China School of Physical Science and Technology Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610068China

This paper deduced the temporal evolution of the magnetic field through a series of high-resolution vector magnetograms and calculated the fine distribution map of current density during an X9.3-class flare eruptions using Ampère's *** results show that a pair of conjugate current ribbons exist on both sides of the magnetic neutral line in this active region,and these conjugate current ribbons persist before,during,and after the *** was observed that the X9.3-class flare brightened in the form of a bright core and evolved into a double-ribbon flare over ***,the position of the double-ribbon flare matches the position of the current ribbons with high accuracy,and their morphologies are very *** investigating the complexity of current density and flare morphology,we discovered a potential connection between the eruption of major flares and the characteristics of current density.

关键词： Sun:activity Sun:magnetic fields Sun:flares methods:data analysis

Scientific Advances and weather Services of the China Meteorological Administration’s National Forecasting Systems during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第5期41卷 767-776页

作者： Guo DENG Xueshun SHEN Jun DU Jiandong GONG Hua TONG Liantang DENG Zhifang XU Jing CHEN Jian SUN Yong WANG Jiangkai HU Jianjie WANG Mingxuan CHEN Huiling YUAN Yutao ZHANG Hongqi LI Yuanzhe WANG Li GAO Li SHENG Da LI Li LI Hao WANG Ying ZHAO Yinglin LI Zhili LIU Wenhua GUO China Meteorological Administration Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre Beijing 100081China state {1. laboratory of Severe weather China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China key {1. of Earth System Modeling and Prediction China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Environmental Modeling Center/NCEP/NWS/NOAA College ParkMD 20740USA Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044China Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100089China School of Atmospheric Sciences and key {1. of Mesoscale Severe weather/Ministry of Education Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China

Since the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was the first Winter Olympics in history held in continental winter monsoon climate conditions across complex terrain areas,there is a deficiency of relevant research,operational techniques,and *** made providing meteorological services for this event particularly *** China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre,achieved breakthroughs in research on short-and medium-term deterministic and ensemble numerical *** key technologies crucial for precise winter {1. services during the Winter Olympics were developed.A comprehensive framework,known as the Operational System for High-Precision {1. Forecasting for the Winter Olympics,was *** of these advancements represent the highest level of capabilities currently available in *** meteorological service provided to the Beijing 2022 Games also exceeded previous Winter Olympic Games in both variety and *** included achievements such as the“1.0-meter level,minute level”downscaled spatiotemporal resolution and forecasts spanning 1.to 1. *** 30 new technologies and over 60 kinds of products that align with the requirements of the Winter Olympics Organizing Committee were developed,and many of these techniques have since been integrated into the CMA’s operational national forecasting *** accomplishments were facilitated by a dedicated {1. forecasting and research initiative,in conjunction with the preexisting real-time operational forecasting systems of the *** program represents one of the five subprograms of the WMO’s high-impact {1. forecasting demonstration project(SMART2022),and continues to play an important role in their Regional Association(RA)II Research Development Project(Hangzhou RDP).Therefore,the research accomplishments and meteorological service experiences from this program will be carried forward into forthcoming highimpact {1.

关键词： Beijing Winter Olympic Games CMA national forecasting system data assimilation ensemble forecast bias correction and downscaling machine learning-based fusion methods

Long-term variation of Arctic Sudden Stratospheric Warmings(SSW) and potential causes

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第5期8卷 742-752页

作者： QingRan Li ShaoDong Zhang KaiMing Huang ChunMing Huang Yun Gong WenTao Tang Zheng Ma School of Electronic Information Wuhan University Guizhou Normal University key {1. of Geospace Environment and Geodesy Ministry of Education state {1. laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing School of Electronic Information Engineering Jingchu University of Technology

Utilizing the European Centre for Medium-Range weather Forecast(ECMWF) Reanalysis v5(ERA5), for the first time, we have confirmed close links among Sudden Stratospheric Warmings(SSWs) in the Northern Hemisphere(NH), the polar vortices, and stratospheric Planetary Waves(PWs) by analyzing and comparing their trends. Interestingly, within overall increasing trends, the duration and strength of SSWs exhibit increasing and decreasing trends before and after the winter of 2002, respectively. To reveal possible physical mechanisms driving these trends, we analyzed the long-term trends of the winter(from December to February) polar vortices and of stratospheric PWs with zonal wave number 1. Notably, our results show that in all three time periods(the entire period of 41.inters, 1.80 to 2020, and the two subperiods — 1.80-2002 and 2002-2020) enhancing SSWs were always accompanied by weakening winter polar vortices and strengthening polar PWs like Stationary Planetary Waves(SPWs) and 1.-day waves, and vice versa. This is the first proof, based on ERA5 long-term trend data, that weakening polar vortices and enhancing stratospheric PWs(especially SPWs) could cause an increase in SSWs.

关键词： sudden stratospheric warmings stationary planetary waves 1.-day waves polar vortrices long-term trend correlation coefficient

High-precision modeling of tide-induced 3-D magnetic field and analysis of geomagnetic satellite orbit requirements

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 165-178页

作者： Zhengyong REN Cong YANG Hongbo YAO Xu TANG Jingtian TANG Keke ZHANG key {1. of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of Education Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan key {1. of Nonferrous Resources and Geological Hazards Exploration Changsha 410083China School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China state {1. laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences Macao University of Science and TechnologyMacao 999078China

Ground-based magnetic observatories and geomagnetic satellites can observe the induced magnetic field generated by the motion of seawater containing sodium and chlorine *** the three-dimensional(3-D)spatial distribution of tide-induced magnetic fields(TIMF)is crucial for inverting the electrical conductivity structure of the oceanic *** also serves as an essential basis for designing optimal geomagnetic observatories and satellite ***,existing methods for simulating TIMF suffer from limitations in inaccurately modeling realistic coastlines,heterogeneous land and sea surface properties,and complex deep Earth structures,thereby the interpretational level of TIMF data is *** overcome this issue,we developed a tetrahedral-based finite element method for simulating TIMF,which can efficiently approximate realistic coastlines,heterogeneous land and sea surface properties,and complex deep Earth ***,we derived the boundary value problem for the seawater motion-induced electromagnetic field,which was solved using the vector finite element method based on tetrahedral ***,using the latest ocean depth and seafloor sediment layer models,we constructed a 3-D conductivity model of the Earth,which includes realistic coastlines,heterogeneous land and sea conductivity *** then computed the TIMF using the M_(2)tidal source as an example and validated our method by comparing it with results obtained from spherical harmonic finite element and integral equation ***,utilizing the computed high-precision M_(2),N_(2),and O1.TIMF signals,we marked global observatories capable of observing strong M_(2),N_(2),and O1.TIMF signals and predicted alternative stations suitable for tide signal ***,we calculated TIMF at heights of 450 and 200 km for the Macao Science Satellite 1.and its subsequent *** results indicate that the amplitude of the tidal-induced magnetic field at

关键词： Ocean motional induction Electromagnetic induction Ocean tides Geomagnetic satellite Macao Science Satellite 1

Effects of Thirty Days Isolation on Attention Networks: A Behavioral and Event-related Potential Study

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 127-132页

作者： Jingda Feng Bin Wu Ziqing Cao Hailong Chen Tianjun Lan Haibo Qin Yusheng Shi Weifen Huang Yinghui Li Department of Aerospace Science and Technology Space Engineering UniversityBeijing 101400China China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing 100094China state {1. laboratory of space Medicine Fundamentals and Application China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing 100094China School of Psychology Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710000China

Kear Editor,Individuals in isolated,confined,and extreme environments,such as astronauts,researchers wintering over Antarctica,submarine soldiers,and participants in simulated isolation environment experiments,commonly report difficulty in focusing their attention[1.2].However,current experimental findings from studies conducted in such environments are insufficient to fully support these self-reports of reduced *** attention-demanding tasks such as simple reaction time(RT)tasks and dual tasks,including primary pursuit tracking and secondary RT,were not affected in space flight experiments[2,3].

关键词： environments submarine winter

What Caused the Differences between the July 2023 and August 1.96 Extreme Rainfall Events in North China under Similar Synoptic Background?

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第05期 861-879页

作者： Xinghua BAO Jisong SUN Jinfang YIN Xiaoyu GAO Feng LI Xudong LIANG Haodong GU Rudi XIA Mingxin LI Chong WU Jianing FENG state {1. laboratory of Severe weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesChina Meteorological Administration Research Center for Disastrous weather over Hengduan Mountains & Low-Latitude Plateau China Meteorological Administration Shigatse National Climatological Observatory China Meteorological Administration Tianjin Meteorological Service Centre Tianjin Meteorological Bureau

This study examined the rainfall characteristics and related synoptic processes of two extreme rainfall events that affected North China during 29 July–1.August 2023 (“23·7” rainstorm) and 3–5 August 1.96 (“96·8” rainstorm), respectively. A stable dual-typhoon circulation pattern was observed in both rainstorm events. The surviving vortex of a landed typhoon, slowly approaching the rainstorm region, was blocked by a high-pressure system as it moved northwestward. Meanwhile, the second typhoon over the western Pacific Ocean facilitated remote northward transport of moisture. The low-level jet between the surviving vortex and the western Pacific subtropical high relayed moist warm air from the area of the South China Sea and western Pacific into the rainstorm region. Although the circulation patterns are similar, the stratification conditions, driving factors, and moisture budget of the two rainstorms differed during the main period of rainfall. The “23·7” rainstorm was categorized as warm-sector rainfall, as a result of the lifting of warm moist air over the eastern foothills of Taihang Mountains. In comparison with the situation of the “96·8” rainstorm, the surviving vortex of the “23·7” rainstorm traveled further northeastward and directly impacted the occurrence and progression of the rainfall, leading to relative northward displacement of the rainfall center, while the stronger net inward moisture flux caused greater regional average rainfall. The “96·8” rainstorm was broadly analogous to precipitation of a cold front, and the rainfall center was observed in the convergence area of warm and cold air masses before the mountains; the surviving vortex did not exert direct impact on the rainfall; and the more unstable stratification led to stronger hourly rainfall. The results derived through comparison of the two rainstorms could serve as valuable scientific reference for operational forecasting of heavy rainfall under similar environmental conditions over North Chi

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