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Microstructure design of advanced magnesium-air battery anodes

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 443-464页

作者： Xu Huang Qingwei Dai Qing Xiang Na Yang Gaopeng Zhang Ao Shen Wanming Li school of {1. and materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China school of {1. and Architectural Engineering Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025China school of Material and {1. University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051China

Metal-air battery is an environmental friendly energy storage system with unique open ***(Mg)and its alloys have been extensively attempted as anodes for air batteries due to high theoretical energy density,low cost,and ***,the study on Mg-air battery(MAB)is still at the laboratory level currently,mainly owing to the low anodic efficiency caused by the poor corrosion *** order to reduce corrosion losses and achieve optimal utilization efficiency of Mg anode,the design strategies are reviewed from microstructure ***,the corrosion behaviors have been discussed,especially the negative difference effect derived by hydrogen *** attention is given to the effect of anode micro-structures on the MAB,which includes grain size,grain orientation,second phases,crystal structure,twins,and *** further improvement,the discharge performance,long period stacking ordered phase and its enhancing effect are ***,given the current debates over Mg dendrites,the potential risk,the impact on discharge,and the elimination strategies are *** control and single crystal would be promising ways for MAB anode.

关键词： Magnesium Air battery Anode Microstructure Anodic efficiency

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CFD-DEM study on the synergistic effect of coke consumption and particle dynamics in the blast furnace raceway

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 270-278页

作者： Peng Xu Peng Han Zhijun He Xizhong An Kang Sun Lihua Gao Key Laboratory of Green Low-Carbon and Intelligent metallurgy School of Materials and MetallurgyUniversity of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114000China Key Laboratory for Ecological metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral of Ministry of Education School of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyang110819China

In this study,the gas-solid flow process in the blast furnace raceway is numerically simulated using coupled computational fluid dynamics and the discrete element method(CFD-DEM).The coke reaction kinetics data are imported into the DEM model to reproduce the consumption process of each coke *** effects of inlet gas velocity and angle on the morphology of the raceway,coke consumption rate,coke bed temperature,and particle size distribution in the blast process are systematically investigated and *** results show that the consumption of coke particles promotes the formation of raceways during the blast *** the same time,a coke mixture layer is produced at the edge of the *** higher the inlet gas velocity,the thicker the coke mixture layer in the middle and upper parts of the raceway region,and the larger the proportion of small particles in the coke mixture *** effect of the inlet gas angle on the raceway region is less than the inlet gas ***,with the increase in the inlet gas angle,the high-temperature region of the coke bed extends downward gradually,which is conducive to activating the hearth.

关键词： Blast furnace Raceway Multiphase flow CFD-DEM Modeling

Experimental and first-principles calculation of TiN growth mechanism on CeAlO_(3) surface in steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第2期31卷 452-463页

作者： Fei-hu He Jun Peng Fang Zhang Yong-bin Wang Hong-tao Chang school of {1. and metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010Inner MongoliaChina

Regular TiN is harmful to the toughness of steel,and its shape and size need to be *** the behavior of TiN precipitation on CeAlO_(3) surfaces is critical for controlling the morphology and formation process of CeAlO_(3)–TiN composite inclusions in the *** results showed that TiN had a square morphology on the CeAlO3 surface,and electron backscatter diffraction phase identification results revealed the orientation relationship between CeAlO_(3) and TiN as follows:(001._(CeAlO_(3))//(1.0)_(TiN),(1.0)_(CeAlO_(3))/(001._(TiN),and[01.]_(CeAlO_(3))/[1.0]_(TiN).The CeAlO3 crystal structure was studied using the first-principles calculation method,and the adsorption and growth process of TiN on the CeAlO_(3) surface were investigated from the atomic *** calculation results indicate that there is no metallic bonding present in the CeAlO_(3) *** the low-index crystal planes of CeAlO_(3),the(1.0)planes terminated with O and CeAlO have the highest and lowest surface energies,respectively,with values of 0.373 and 0.051.eV/Å^(2).On the high surface energy plane of CeAlO_(3),the TiN atomic permutation structure is consistent with the arrangement of Ti and N atoms in TiN(1.0)or(1.0).For the low surface energy plane of CeAlO_(3),the Ti and N atoms are arranged in a ring-like structure.

关键词： CeAlO_(3)-TiN inclusion Orientation relationship Crystal structure First principle Surface energy

An ultrafast rechargeable hybrid potassium dual-ion capacitor based on carbon quantum dot@ultrathin carbon film cathode

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Rare Metals 2024年第10期43卷 5070-5081页

作者： Zhao-Meng Liu Da Wang Shang-Zhuo Li Qing-Song Lai Dong-Run Yang Lu-Kang Zhao Jian-Jia Mu Xuan-Chen Wang Xuan-Wen Gao Wen-Bin Luo Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines metallurgy School of MetallurgyNortheastern University Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) Nankai University

Ultrafast rechargeable hybrid potassium dualion capacitors （HPDICs） were designed by employing carbon quantum dot@ultrathin carbon film （CQD@CF） as the cathode *** designed CQD@CF is selfassembled by a simple catalytic graphitization route followed by an acid leaching *** special composite features a large adsorption interface,a remarkable anion hybrid storage capability and outstanding structure *** electrochemical performance of CQD@CF composite is fully tapped in a half-cell system at the operating voltage between 1.4 and 4.5 V,achieving an admirable specific discharge capacity of 1.8.5 mAh·g-1. 50 mA·g-1.an ultra-high capacity retention ratio of 97.97% after cycling 5000 times at 1.00 mA·g-1.nd a 96.1.%high capacity retention ratio after cycling 40,000 times at 5000 mA·g-1.***,with the support of ex situ TEM and XPS,the structural stability principle and anionic hybrid storage mechanism of CQD@CF electrode are investigated *** the full-cell system,HPDICs with the CQD@CF as cathode and nanographite powder as anode also present a 1.1.5 Wh·kg-1.igh energy density,a 5850 W·kg-1.ower density and a super-long cycle stability (90.2% capacity retention ratio after cycling 30,000 times at 5000 mA·g-1..

关键词： Anion hybrid storage mechanism Carbon quantum dots Potassium dual ion capacitor Ultrafast rechargeable Ultrathin carbon film

Enhancing ionic conductivity of garnet-type Nb-doped Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(1.)by cerium doping

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1740-1746,I0004页

作者： Daming Liu Yuan Hou Chaoke Bulin Ruichao Zhao Bangwen Zhang Analytical and Testing Center Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010China school of {1. and metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010China school of {1. and materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China

We investigated the effect of additional doping with Ce on the ionic conductivity of the Nb-doped Li_(7)La_(3)Zr_(2)O_(1.)(LLZO)garnet ceramics using a combination of experimental and modeling *** results indicate that Ce doping can alter lattice parameters of the LLZNO,leading to the enhanced lithium ionic *** Ce,Nb co-doped LLZO(LLZNCO)structure with composition Li_(6.5)La_(3)Zr_(1.5-x)Nb_(0.5)Ce_(x)O_(1.)(x=0.1.5)exhibits a lower activation energy(E_(a)=0.39 eV)than Li_(6.5)La_(3)Zr_(1.5)Nb_(0.5)O_(1.)(LLZNO)(E_(a)=0.41.eV).Furthermore,Ce doping leads to an increase in Li~+conductivity from 6.4×1.^(-4)to 7×1.^(-4)S/cm at room *** addition,we discuss the diffusivity and conductivity of our samples using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and propose possible mechanisms to explain the enhanced Li-ion conductivity caused by co-doping with Ce and *** results demonstrate that the LLZNCO ceramics are promising candidates for potential solid-state electrolytes for Li-ion batteries.

关键词： Rare earths Solid state electrolyte Ionic conductivity Doping

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Pixels from two-dimensional vermiculite mineral

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National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 98-99页

作者： Yan Wang Manish Chhowalla materials Science & {1. University of Cambridge

Vermiculite is a common mica-like mineral that is used in a wide variety of applications such as an additive to garden soil, building insulation, and lightweight concrete aggregate [1.. Its layered structure can be exfoliated down to very thin layers. The optical and electronic properties of vermiculite were thought to be unremarkable.

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Effect of solidification mode on microstructure evolution and properties of magnesium alloy with long-period stacking ordered phase

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1127-1138页

作者： Hao Li Hong-mei Chen Xu Zhang Qian-hao Zang Jing Zhang Di Feng Yan-xin Qiao Yu-hang Guo school of {1. Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212100JiangsuChina school of {1. and materials Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologySuzhou215600JiangsuChina

The solidification methods of electromagnetic stirring(EMS)and non-electromagnetic stirring were employed to prepare Mg–6Gd–3Y–xZn–0.6Zr(x=1.1.5,2,3)*** evolution of alloy microstructures and the changes in properties were analyzed for different Zn *** has been observed that in alloys without electromagnetic stirring,as the Zn content increases,the alloy structure gradually *** primary second phase transitions from Mg5RE phase to long-period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase,resulting in improved hardness and *** alloys subjected to electromagnetic stirring,there is a relatively higher content of the second phase,primarily consisting of LPSO *** applying electromagnetic stirring,the quantity and the type of LPSO phase in the alloy *** alloy structure becomes more uniform with electromagnetic stirring,resulting in increased hardness and reduced hardness gradients within the *** mechanical properties of alloys with electromagnetic stirring are superior to those without electromagnetic stirring.

关键词： Rare earth magnesium alloy LPSO phase Electromagnetic stirring Casting Property

Selective sintering of magnesia-calcia materials by utilizing hot spots during induction sintering process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第8期31卷 1914-1922页

作者： Yun-jie Dong Zhou-fu Wang Hao Liu Yan Ma Xi-tang Wang Nian Yi Zhong-feng Xia Yu-xuan Zhu Cheng-ji Deng Ling Zhang The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and metallurgy Wuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina school of {1. and metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 110325LiaoningChina

Magnesia-calcia refractories are widely used in the production process of clean steel due to their excellent high-tem-perature stability,slag resistance and ability to purify molten ***,there are still problems such as difficult sintering and easy ***-calcia materials with various calcium oxide contents were prepared by using induction sintering,and the sintering property combined with the hydration resistance of the materials was *** experimental results showed that the magnesia-calcia materials prepared under induction field had higher density,microhardness and hydration *** particular,the relative density of induction sintered magnesia-calcia materials with 50 mo1.CaO was greater than 98%,and the average grain size of CaO was 4.56μm,which was much larger than that of traditional sintered *** order to clarify the densification and microstructure evolution mechanism of the magnesia-calcia materials,the changes in temperature and magnetic field throughout the sintering process were analyzed by using finite element *** results showed that the larger heating rate and higher sintering temperature under the induction sintering mode were beneficial to the rapid *** addition,the hot spots generated within the material due to the difference in high-temperature electric conductivity between MgO and CaO were the critical factor to realize selective sintering in MgO-CaO system,which provides a novel pathway to solve the problem of difficult sintering and control the microstructure of high-temperature composite material used in the field of high-purity steel smelting.

关键词： Magnesia-calcia material Induction sintering Hot spot Selective sintering Density Microstructure control Hydration resistance

Spray pyrolysis feasibility of tungsten substitution for cobalt in nickel-rich cathode materials

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International Journal of Minerals,metallurgy and {1. 2024年第10期31卷 2244-2252页

作者： Zihan Hou Lisheng Guo Xianlong Fu Hongxian Zheng Yuqing Dai Zhixing Wang Hui Duan Mingxia Dong Wenjie Peng Guochun Yan Jiexi Wang Key Laboratory of Value-added metallurgy of Hunan Province Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery MaterialsSchool of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China BASF Shanshan Battery materials Co.Ltd. Changsha 410205China

Cobalt(Co)serves as a stabilizer in the lattice structure of high-capacity nickel(Ni)-rich cathode ***,its high cost and toxicity still limit its *** general,it is possible to perform transition metal substitution to reduce the Co ***,the traditional coprecipitation method cannot satisfy the requirements of multielement coprecipitation and uniform distribution of elements due to the differences between element concentration and deposition *** this work,spray pyrolysis was used to prepare LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.1.x)W_(x)O_(2)(LNCW).In this regard,the pyrolysis behavior of ammonium metatungstate was analyzed,together with the substitu-tion of W for *** the possibility of spray pyrolysis,the Ni-Co-W-containing oxide precursor presents a homogeneous distribution of metal elements,which is beneficial for the uniform substitution of W in the final *** was observed that with W substitution,the size of primary particles decreased from 338.06 to 71.76 nm,and cation disordering was as low as 3.34%.As a consequence,the pre-pared LNCW exhibited significantly improved electrochemical *** optimal conditions,the lithium-ion battery assembled with LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.0925)W_(0.0075)O_(2)(LNCW-0.75mol%)had an improved capacity retention of 82.7%after 200 cycles,which provides insight in-to the development of Ni-rich low-Co *** work presents that W can compensate for the loss caused by Co deficiency to a cer-tain extent.

关键词： lithium-ion batteries Ni-rich low-cobalt W substitution spray pyrolysis

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