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Human brain computing and brain-inspired intelligence

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 8-9页

作者： Jianfeng Feng Viktor Jirsa Wenlian Lu Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan University Key laboratory of {1. Neuroscience and Brain-Inspired Intelligence(Fudan University) Ministry of Education Shanghai Center for Mathematical Sciences Fudan University Department of Computer Science University of Warwick Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes Faculté de Medécine

The relationship between structure, neural activity dynamics and intelligent human brain function is complex and multifaceted with deep roots in several academic disciplines. Its understanding is a fundamental goal of brain research [1. and may indicate the way towards the next generation of artificial intelligence [2]. There are major challenges on the way, several of which are addressed in this Special Topic of National Science Review.

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Review of deep learning algorithms in molecular simulations and perspective applications on petroleum engineering

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第2期15卷 55-67页

作者： Jie Liu Tao Zhang Shuyu Sun Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE) Computational Transport Phenomena LaboratoryKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia

In the last few decades,deep learning(DL)has afforded solutions to macroscopic problems in petroleum engineering,but mechanistic problems at the microscale have not benefited from *** studies have been the strong demands for the emerging projects,such as the gas storage and hydrate production,and for some problems encountered in the storage process,which are common found as the chemical interaction between injected gas and mineral,and the formation of *** advances in DL technology enable solving molecular dynamics(MD)with quantum *** conventional quantum chemical method is computational expensive,whereas the classical MD method cannot guarantee high accuracy because of its empirical force field *** the help of the DL force field,precision at the quantum chemistry level can be achieved in ***,the DL force field promotes the computational speed compared with first-principles *** this review,the basic knowledge of the molecular force field and deep neural network(DNN)is first ***,three representative opensource packages relevant to the DL force field are *** the most common components in the development of oil and gas reservoirs,water and methane are studied from the aspects of computational efficiency and chemical reaction respectively,providing the foundation of oil and gas ***,in the oil and gas problems,the complex molecular topo structures and various element types set a high challenge for the DL techniques in *** the computational efficiency,it needs improvement via GPU and parallel accelerations to compete with classical *** with such difficulties,the booming of this technique in the area of petroleum engineering can be predictable.

关键词： Deep neural network Molecular dynamics Force field Petroleum engineering

Rescattering of stimulated Raman side scattering in nonuniform plasmas

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 68-76页

作者： S.Tan Q.Wang Y.Chen W.B.Yao C.Z.Xiao J.F.Myatt School of Physics and Electronics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Institute of Applied Physics and computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta9211116 St.NWEdmontonAlberta T6G 1H9Canada

Rescattering of stimulated Raman side scattering(SRSS)is observed for the first time via two-dimensional(2D)particle-in-cell(PIC)*** construct a theoretical model for the rescattering process,which can predict the region of occurrence of mth-order SRSS and estimate its *** rescattering process is identified by the 2D PIC simulations under typical conditions of a direct-drive inertial confinement fusion *** electrons produced by second-order SRSS propagate nearly perpendicular to the density gradient and gain nearly the same energy as in first-order SRSS,but there is no cascade acceleration to produce superhot *** studies for a wide range of ignition conditions show that SRSS and associated rescatterings are robust and important processes in inertial confinement fusion.

关键词： nonuniform acceleration scattering

Fuzzy Quasi-Pseudo-b-Metrics on Algebraic Structures

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2024年第3期44卷 397-407页

作者： Jiancai WEI Yeqing SHENG Lihong XIE Piyu LI School of Mathematics and computational Science Wuyi University School of Mathematics and Statistics Xuzhou Institute of Technology

In this paper, we mainly study fuzzy (quasi-)pseudo-b-metrics on algebraic *** mainly establish the following results:(1. If a group G with a topologyτ, which is induced by a left invariant fuzzy quasi-pseudo-b-metric (resp., pseudo-b-metric) on the G, is a right topological group, then G with the topologyτis a paratopological group (resp., a topological group) and (2) If a semigroup S with a topologyτis induced by an invariant fuzzy quasi-pseudob-metric, then S with the topologyτis a topological semigroup.

关键词： left topological group right topological group semitopological group paratopological group topological group topological semigroup fuzzy quasi-pseudo-b-metric invariant fuzzy (quasi-)pseudo-b-metric

^(1.)C NMR spectra of tectonic coals and the effects of stress on structural components

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第9期48卷 1418-1437页

作者： JU Yiwen1.2, JIANG Bo1. HOU Quanlin2, WANG Guiliang1.& NI Shanqin2 1. College of Mineral Resource and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221.08, China 2. laboratory of {1. geodynamics, College of Geosciences, Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.0049, China 1. College of Mineral Resource and Geosciences China University of Mining and Technology 221008 Xuzhou China 2. laboratory of {1. geodynamics College of Geosciences Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China

High-resolution 1.C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectra of different kinds of tectonic coals were obtained using the NMR (CP/MAS+TOSS) method. On the basis of this, after simulation synthesis and division of spectra, the relative contents of carbon functional groups were calculated. Combined with results of Ro, max, XRD testing and element analysis, stress effects on the composition of macromolecular structures in tectonic coals were studied further. The results showed that Ro, max was not only the important index for describing coal rank, but was also effective for estimating the stress effect of tectonic coals. Under tectonic stress ac- tion, Ro, max was the most direct indicator of the coal structure and chemical components. Changes in the stacking Lc of the coal basic structure unit (BSU) and La/Lc parameters could distinguish the temperature and stress effects on metamorphic-deformed environments, and re- flected the degree of structural deformation. Therefore, on the whole, Lc and La/Lc can be used to index of the degree of structural deformation of tectonic coals. In different metamorphic and de- formed environments, different kinds of tectonic coals are formed under structural stress. The changes in characteristics of the macromolecular structure and chemical composition are such that as the increase in structural deformation becomes stronger, from the brittle deformation coal to ductile deformation coal, the ratio of width at the half height of the aromatic carbon and ali- phatic carbon peaks (Hfa/Hfal ) was increased. As carbon aromaticity was raised further, carbon aliphaticity reduced obviously and different compositions of macromolecular structure appeared as a jump and wave pattern except for in wrinkle structure coal, which might result chiefly from stress effects on the macromolecular structure of different kinds of tectonic coals. The macro- moecular changes of wrinkle structure coal are reflected mainly on physical structure. In the metamorphi

关键词： tectonic coal, NMR, macromolecular structure, chemical component, stress effect.

Stress,strain and earthquake activity

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Earthquake Science 2009年第6期22卷 575-578页

作者： Yaolin Shi laboratory of {1. geodynamics Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

There are 1. papers in this special issue on stress field, crustal deformation and seismicity. The great Wenchuan earthquake is a grievous disaster, but Chinese scientists are trying to learn more from the event in order to understand better the physics of earthquakes for future hazard mitigation planning. Rapid development of GPS technology provide the possibility in the first time in history to monitor the crustal deformation in a wide range and high accuracy, however, it is an important lesson learned from the Wenchuan earthquake,

关键词： Focal Mechanism Wenchuan Earthquake Crustal Deformation Longmenshan Fault Coulomb Stress

Modelling of the elastoplastic behaviour of the bio-cemented soils using an extended Modified Cam Clay model

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2184-2197页

作者： Xuerui Wang Christian B.Silbermann Thomas Nagel Udo Nackenhorst Institute of Mechanics and computational Mechanics Leibniz UniversitätHannoverAppelstr.9aHannover30167Germany Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS)gGmbH Theodor-Heuss-Straße 4Braunschweig38122Germany Geotechnical Institute Technische Universität BergakademieFreibergGustav-Zeuner-Str.1Freiberg09599Germany

An elastoplastic constitutive model based on the Modified Cam Clay(MCC)model is developed to describe the mechanical behaviour of soils cemented via microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP).It considers the increase of the elastic stiffness,the change of the yield surface due to MICP cementation and the degradation of calcium carbonate bonds during ***,to capture the typical contraction-dilation transition in MICP soils,the original volumetric hardening rule in the MCC model is modified to a combined deviatoric and volumetric hardening *** model could reproduce a series of drained triaxial tests on MICP-treated soils with different calcium carbonate ***,we carry out a parametric study and observe numerical instability in some *** combination with an analytical analysis,our numerical modelling has identified the benefits and limitations of using MCCbased models in the simulation of MICP-cemented soils,leading to suggestions for further model development.

关键词： Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MICP) Elastoplasticity Modified cam clay(MCC) OpenGeoSys MFront Contraction-dilation transition

Stochastic dynamic model of SARS spreading

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第13期48卷 1287-1292页

作者： SHI Yaolin computational {1. laboratory of Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.0039, China (e-mail: shiyl@***) computational {1. laboratory of Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China.

Based upon the simulation of the stochastic process of infection, onset and spreading of each SARS patient, a system dynamic model of SRAS spreading is constructed. Data from Vietnam is taken as an example for Monte Carlo test. The preliminary results indicate that the time-dependent infection rate is the most important control factor for SARS spreading. The model can be applied to prediction of the course with fluctuations of the epidemics, if the previous history of the epidemics and the future infection rate under control measures are known.

关键词： SARS 非典型肺炎随机过程传染病模型疫情控制

Metal-to-insulator transition in oxide semimetals by anion doping

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Interdisciplinary Materials 2024年第3期3卷 358-368页

作者： Haitao Hong Huimin Zhang Shan Lin Jeffrey A.Dhas Binod Paudel Shuai Xu Shengru Chen Ting Cui Yiyan Fan Dongke Rong Qiao Jin Zihua Zhu Yingge Du Scott A.Chambers Chen Ge Can Wang Qinghua Zhang Le Wang Kui-juan Jin Shuai Dong Er-Jia Guo Beijing National laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Physics&Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education School of PhysicsSoutheast UniversityNanjingChina Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTennesseeUSA Physical and computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA School of Chemical Biological and Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Department of Physical ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijingChina Environmental Molecular Sciences laboratory Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWashingtonUSA Songshan Lake Materials laboratory DongguanGuangdongChina

Oxide semimetals exhibiting both nontrivial topological characteristics stand as exemplary parent compounds and multiple degrees of freedom,offering a promise for the realization of novel electronic *** this work,we report the structural and transport phase transition in an oxide semimetal,SrNbO_(3),achieved through effective anion ***,the resistivity increased by more than three orders of magnitude at room temperature upon *** extent of electronic modulation in SrNbO_(3)is strongly correlated with misfit strain,underscoring its phase instability to both chemical doping and crystallographic symmetry *** first-principles calculations,we discern that elevating the level of nitrogen doping induces an upward shift in the conductive bands of SrNbO_(3−δ)N_(δ).Consequently,a transition from a metallic state to an insulating state becomes apparent as the nitrogen concentration reaches a threshold of 1.*** investigation shows effective anion engineering in oxide semimetals,offering pathways for manipulating their physical properties.

关键词： anion doping metal-to-insulator transition oxide semimetal phase transition