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Balanced Polysulfide Containment and Lithium Ion Transport in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries via Nitrogen-doped Carbon Hollow Multi-shelled Structures on Modified Separators

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第4期40卷 690-698页

作者： RAO Fu XIAO Qian WEI Yanze WANG Jiangyan YU Ranbo WANG Dan State key {1. of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P.R.China key {1. of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P.R.China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049P.R.China Department of Physical Chemistry School of Metallurgical and Ecological EngineeringUniversity of Science&Technology BeijingBeijing100083P.R.China

Representing the next-generation technology in lithium-ion batteries,lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries offer increased specific energy without relying on scarce metals like nickel and cobalt,but suffer from a low practical specific energy due to poor conductivity and a short lifespan due to the shuttle effect of *** the confinement of polysulfides and the transport of lithium ions requires highly elaborate modifiers for *** multi-shelled structures(HoMSs)show promise as hierarchical mesostructures for separators,offering multiple shell layers and internal cavities that effectively inhibit polysulfide *** design of these structures is crucial to address these challenges *** this study,nitrogen-doped carbon HoMS(NC HoMS)was created using polymer templates through a precisely controlled polymerization *** featuring NC HoMS-modified separators exhibit improved capacity and cycling stability in comparison to those utilizing commercial ***,triple-shelled NC HoMS strikes a balance in polysulfide containment and lithium ion *** a sulfur loading of 6.34 mg/cm^(2),the Li-S battery can consistently complete 1.0 charge-discharge cycles,starting with a discharge capacity of 966.4 mA·h/g with a 75.8%capacity retention *** HoMS holds potential as the separator modifier in addressing the polysulfide shuttle problem and facilitating the Li-ion transportation for advanced Li-S batteries.

关键词： Hollow multi-shelled structure Carbon material Li-S battery Separator modification Shuttle effect

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Challenges and opportunities in Quaternary palynology

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第7期67卷 2148-2161页

作者： Qinghai XU Houyuan LU Zhuo ZHENG College of Geographical Sciences Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological ConstructionHebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China key {1. of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Quaternary palynology plays a pivotal role in investigating global climate change and various other research fields,serving as an essential tool for the quantitative analysis of paleoenvironment ***,due to the vast diversity of terrestrial ecosystems and intricate interactions between vegetation,climate,and human activities,further advancements are required in the following aspects within this discipline.(1.The accuracy of classification in pollen morphology and fossil pollen identification needs improvement,particularly at the species *** represents a significant challenge in present Quaternary ***-aided intelligent recognition holds promise as a solution for species identification based on more detail pollen morphology.(2)Most pollen-based vegetation and climate reconstructions overlook the significance of bare *** bare ground can lead to substantial inaccuracies when quantitatively reconstructing past vegetation and climate.(3)While pollen records provide reliable information on paleoclimate changes,current quantitative climate reconstruction models heavily rely on modern pollen datasets derived from present-day vegetation disturbed more or less by human *** introduces bias and uncertainties into paleoclimate reconstruction.(4)Although pollen can serve as an indicator of human activities,accurately quantifying the intensity of human influence remains *** accurate identification of crop pollen,reconstructing reliable land cover/use data,and integrating multidisciplinary data may enhance the identification and quantification of signals related to human activity in pollen records.

关键词： Quaternary palynology Paleoclimate Paleovegetation Human activity

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Aging Mongolian pine plantations face high risks of drought-induced growth decline:evidence from both individual tree and forest stand measurements

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第2期35卷 109-120页

作者： Mingyong Li Leilei Yang Yu Cao Dedong Wu Guangyou Hao CAS key {1. of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China key {1. of terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality Liaoning ProvinceShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China Daqinggou ecological Research Station Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China Research Institute of Sand Control and Utilization Liaoning ProvinceFuxin 123000People’s Republic of China

Discerning vulnerability differences among different aged trees to drought-driven growth decline or to mortality is critical to implement age-specific countermeasures for forest management in water-limited *** important species for afforestation in dry environments of northern China,Mongolian pine(Pinus sylvestris *** Litv.)has recently exhibited growth decline and dieback on many sites,particularly pronounced in old-growth ***,changes in response to drought stress by this species with age as well as the underlying mechanisms are poorly *** this study,tree-ring data and remotely sensed vegetation data were combined to investigate variations in growth at individual tree and stand scales for young(9-1. years)and aging(35-52 years)plantations of Mongolian pine in a water-limited area of northern China.A recent decline in tree-ring width in the older plantation also had lower values in satellited-derived normalized difference vegetation indices and normalized difference water indices relative to the younger *** addition,all measured growth-related metrics were strongly correlated with the self-calibrating Palmer drought severity index during the growing season in the older *** of growth to drought of the older plantation might be attributed to more severe hydraulic limitations,as reflected by their lower sapwood-and leaf-specific hydraulic *** study presents a comprehensive view on changes of growth with age by integrating multiple methods and provides an explanation from the perspective of plant hydraulics for growth decline with *** results indicate that old-growth Mongolian pine plantations in water-limited environments may face increased growth declines under the context of climate warming and drying.

关键词： Tree age Drought stress Mongolian pine plantation Tree rings Remote sensing Plant hydraulics

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The changes in soil organic carbon stock and quality across a subalpine forest successional series

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 423-433页

作者： Fei Li Zhihui Wang Jianfeng Hou Xuqing Li Dan Wang Wanqin Yang Zhejiang Provincial key {1. of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation School of Life SciencesTaizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China Linhai Station of Zhejiang Provincial Forest ecological Research Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China Taizhou key {1. of Mountain ecological Restoration and Special Industry Cultivation Taizhou UniversityTaizhou 318000China Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityPenrithNew South WalesAustralia

Soil organic carbon(SOC)affects the function of terrestrial ecosystem and plays a vital role in global carbon ***,large uncertainty still existed regarding the changes in SOC stock and quality with forest ***,the stock and quality of SOC at 1.m soil profile were investigated across a subalpine forest series,including shrub,deciduous broad-leaved forest,broadleaf-conifer mixed forest,middle-age coniferous forest and mature coniferous forest,which located at southeast of Tibetan *** results showed that SOC stock ranged from 9.8 to29.9 kg·m^(-2),and exhibited a hump-shaped response pattern across the forest successional *** highest and lowest SOC stock was observed in the mixed forest and shrub forest,*** SOC stock had no significant relationships with soil temperature and litter stock,but was positively correlated with wood debris ***,the average percentages of polysaccharides,lignins,aromatics and aliphatics based on FTIR spectroscopy were 79.89%,0.94%,1..87%and 0.29%,***,the percentage of polysaccharides exhibited an increasing pattern across the forest successional series except for the sudden decreasing in the mixed forest,while the proportions of lignins,aromatics and aliphatics exhibited a decreasing pattern across the forest successional series except for the sudden increasing in the mixed ***,the humification indices(HIs)were highest in the mixed forest compared to the other four successional stages,which means that the SOC quality in mixed forest was worse than other successional *** addition,the SOC stock,recalcitrant fractions and HIs decreased with increasing soil depth,while the polysaccharides exhibited an increasing *** findings demonstrate that the mixed forest had higher SOC stock and worse SOC quality than other successional *** high proportion of SOC stock(66%at depth of 20-1.0 cm)and better SOC quality(lower HIs)indicate that deep s

关键词： Forest successional series Soil organic cubon stock Molecular composition Humification indices Soil organic carbon quality

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Bacterial communities and enzyme activities during litter decomposition of Elymus nutans leaf on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第10期21卷 3249-3262页

作者： ZHANG Zhiyang JIAO Yi DONG Xiaogang MA Yinshan ZHANG Shiting State key {1. of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Center for Volatile Interactions(VOLT)and terrestrial Ecology Section Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen DK-2100Denmark College of Agriculture and ecological Engineering Hexi UniversityZhangye 734000China

The dominant plant litter plays a crucial role in carbon(C)and nutrients cycling as well as ecosystem functions maintenance on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).The impact of litter decomposition of dominant plants on edaphic parameters and grassland productivity has been extensively studied,while its decomposition processes and relevant mechanisms in this area remain poorly *** conducted a three-year litter decomposition experiment in the Gansu Gannan Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station,an alpine meadow ecosystem on the QTP,to investigate changes in litter enzyme activities and bacterial and fungal communities,and clarify how these critical factors regulated the decomposition of dominant plant Elymus nutans(***)*** results showed that cellulose and hemicellulose,which accounted for 95%of the initial lignocellulose content,were the main components in *** litter *** litter enzyme activities ofβ-1.4-glucosidase(BG),β-1.4-xylosidase(BX),andβ-D-cellobiosidase(CBH)decreased with decomposition while acid phosphatase,leucine aminopeptidase,and phenol oxidase increased with *** found that both litter bacterial and fungal communities changed significantly with ***,bacterial communities shifted from copiotrophic-dominated to oligotrophic-dominated in the late stage of litter *** least squares path model revealed that the decomposition of *** litter was mainly driven by bacterial communities and their secreted *** and Proteobacteria were important producers of enzymes BG,BX,and CBH,and their relative abundances were tightly positively related to the content of cellulose and hemicellulose,indicating that Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria are the main bacterial taxa of the decomposition of *** *** conclusion,this study demonstrates that bacterial communities are the main driving forces behind the decomposition of *** litter,high

关键词： Litter decomposition Lignocellulose matrix Bacterial community Litter enzyme activity Elymus nutans Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Zinc lactate alleviates oxidative stress by modulating crosstalk between constitutive androstane receptor signaling pathway and gut microbiota profile in weaned piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 23-33页

作者： Wenjie Tang Xuan Xiang Houfu Wang Wentao Zhou Liuqin He Yulong Yin Tiejun Li College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Hunan Provincial key {1. of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic process CAS Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionNational Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry ProductionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Hunan Provincial key {1. of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Life SciencesHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China College of Advanced Agricultural Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Sichuan Academy of Animal Sciences Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengdu 610066China Livestock and Poultry Biological Products key {1. of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animtech Feed Co.LtdChengdu 610000China

This study aimed to determine the regulatory mechanism of dietary zinc lactate(ZL)supplementation on intestinal oxidative stress damage in a paraquat(PQ)-induced piglet ***-eight piglets(mean body weight 9.51.0.23 kg)weaned at 28 d of age were randomly divided into control,ZL,PQ,and ZL+PQ groups(n=7 in each group).The ZL-supplemented diet had little effect on growth performance under normal physiological ***,under PQ challenge,ZL supplementation significantly improved average daily gain(P1.ZO-1.(P1.in PQ-induced piglets and altered the structure of the gut microbiota,especially by significantly increasing the abundance of beneficial gut microbes,including UCG_002,Ruminococcus,Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group,Christensenellaceae_R_7_group,Treponema,unclassified_Christensenellaceae,and unclassified_Erysipelotrichaceae(P<0.05).These data reveal that pre-administration of ZL to piglets can suppress intestinal oxidative stress by improving antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity and regulating the crosstalk between CAR signaling and gut microbiota.

关键词： Zinc lactate Intestinal barrier Oxidative stress Inflammation Constitutive androstane receptor Gut microbiota

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Four decades of full-scale nitrous oxide emission inventory in China

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 137-149页

作者： Minqi Liang Zheyan Zhou Peiyang Ren Han Xiao Xu-Ri Zhongmin Hu Shilong Piao Hanqin Tian Qing Tong Feng Zhou Jing Wei Wenping Yuan School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Data Center of Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystems Carbon Cycle Sun Yat-sen University State key {1. of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and Environment Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences key {1. of Agro-Forestry Environmental processes and ecological Regulation of Hainan Province Hainan University Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking University Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and Society Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston College Institute of Energy Environment and Economy Tsinghua University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong laboratory(Zhuhai)

China is among the top nitrous oxide（N2O）-emitting countries, but existing national inventories do not provide full-scale emissions including both natural and anthropogenic sources. We conducted a four-decade（1.80–2020） of comprehensive quantification of Chinese N2O inventory using empirical emission factor method for anthropogenic sources and two up-to-date process-based models for natural sources. Total N2O emissions peaked at 2287.4（1.74.8–2799.9） Gg N2O yr-1.n 201., and agriculture-developed regions, like the East, Northeast, and Central, were the top N2O-emitting regions. Agricultural N2O emissions have started to decrease after 201. due to the decline of nitrogen fertilization applications, while, industrial and energetic sources have been dramatically increasing after 2005. N2O emissions from agriculture, industry,energy, and waste represented 49.3%, 26.4%, 1..5%, and 6.7% of the anthropogenic emissions in 2020,respectively, which revealed that it is imperative to prioritize N2O emission mitigation in agriculture,industry, and energy. Natural N2O sources, dominated by forests, have been steadily growing from 31..3（290.3–344.1. Gg N2O yr-1.n 1.80 to 376.2（335.5–407.2） Gg N2O yr-1.n 2020. Our study produces a Full-scale Annual N2O dataset in China（FAN2020）, providing emergent counting to refine the current national N2O inventories.

关键词： nitrous oxide four decades anthropogenic sources natural sources

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Characterization of serum proteomic and inflammatory profiling at early stage of iron deficiency in weaned piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 380-389页

作者： Guang Liu Lan Li Shuan Liu Zhenglin Dong Jian Zhou Chengyan Gong Yulong Yin Wenjie Tang Dan Wan laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic {1. Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Hubei Hongshan laboratory College of Animal Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Beijing Dabeinong Technology Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China Animal Breeding and Genetics key {1. of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animal Science AcademyChengdu 610066China Livestock and Poultry Biological Products key {1. of Sichuan Province Sichuan Animtech Feed Co.Ltd.Chengdu 610066China

The objective of this study was to examine the early serum proteomic and inflammatory profiles of weaned piglets subjected to iron *** healthy piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Large Yorkshire,body weight:4.96±0.05 kg)were weaned at 21.days of ***,these animals were randomly allocated to one of two groups,with six replicates in each group(maintaining a male-to-female ratio of 1.1.,the control group(administered 1.0 mg/kg Fe as FeSO_(4)·H_(2)O)and L-Fe group(no additional Fe supplementation).The results showed that 42 days after initiating,compared with control group,routine blood analysis revealed a reduction in serum iron content,red blood cell(RBC)count,hemoglobin(HGB)content,hematocrit(HCT),and mean corpuscular volume(MCV)(P 0.05).During the early stages of iron deficiency,piglets exhibited increased villus height(VH)and the ratio of VH to crypt depth(CD)in the duodenum(P1.DMT1.,and ferritin light chain(FTL)(P1.(IL-1.),interleukin-4(IL-4),interleukin-6(IL-6),transforming growth factor-β1.TGF-β1.,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)(P<0.05).Our findings underscore the essential role of dietary iron supplementation in maintaining iron homeostasis and modulating inflammatory responses in piglets.

关键词： Piglet Iron deficiency Proteomics Inflammatory Cytokine Immune response

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Tree mycorrhizal associations determine how biodiversity,large trees,and environmental factors drive aboveground carbon stock in temperate forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 448-456页

作者： Yue Chen Zikun Mao Jonathan A.Myers Jinghua Yu Xugao Wang CAS key {1. of Forest Ecology and Silviculture Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China key {1. of terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality Shenyang110016China Department of Biology Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMissouriUSA

Biodiversity,large trees,and environmental conditions such as climate and soil have important effects on forest carbon ***,recent studies in temperate forests suggest that the relative importance of these factors depends on tree mycorrhizal associations,whereby large-tree effects may be driven by ectomycorrhizal(EM)trees,diversity effects may be driven by arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)trees,and environment effects may depend on differential climate and soil preferences of AM and EM *** test this hypothesis,we used forest-inventory data consisting of over 80,000 trees from 631.temperate-forest plots(30 m×30 m)across Northeast China to examine how biodiversity(species diversity and ecological uniqueness),large trees(top 1.of tree diameters),and environmental factors(climate and soil nutrients)differently regulate aboveground carbon stocks of AM trees,EM trees,and AM and EM trees combined(*** aboveground carbon stock).We found that large trees had a positive effect on both AM and EM tree carbon ***,biodiversity and environmental factors had opposite effects on AM *** tree carbon ***,the two components of biodiversity had positive effects on AM tree carbon stocks,but negative effects on EM tree carbon *** heterogeneity(mean annual temperature and soil nutrients)also exhibited contrasting effects on AM and EM tree carbon ***,for the total carbon stock,the positive large-tree effect far surpasses the diversity and environment *** is mainly because when integrating AM and EM tree carbon stock into total carbon stock,the opposite diversity-effect(also environment-effect)on AM *** tree carbon stock counteracts each other while the consistent positive large-tree effect on AM and EM tree carbon stock is *** summary,this study emphasized a mycorrhizal viewpoint to better understand the determinants of overarching aboveground carbon profile across regional forests.

关键词： Biodiversity ecological uniqueness Environment heterogeneity Large trees Mycorrhizal associations Tree carbon stock

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Hydrochemical characteristics and the ecological effect of algal carbonic anhydrase in carbon cycle in the Taiyuan section of Fenhe River

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第5期42卷 1507-1524页

作者： Jing YANG Xin LI Shulian XIE Jia FENG Shanxi key {1. of Yuncheng Salt Lake ecological Protection and Resource Utilization College of Life SciencesYuncheng UniversityYuncheng 044000China School of Life Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

Water scarcity and pollution pose a threat to the sustainable development of cities and ***,it is crucial to analyze the hydrochemical characteristics and carbon dynamics of waterdeficient *** the Taiyuan section of Fenhe River as the research object,we systematically explored the hydrochemical characteristics of surface water and its evolutionary processes,as well as the {1. effect of algal carbonic anhydrase in carbon cycle using the hydrochemical evolution method and correlation *** ternary diagram demonstrates that the main water chemical type in Fenhe River was SO^(2-)_(4)·Cl^(-)-Na^(+).The Gibbs and end-member diagrams of each ion display that the chemical composition of surface water was mainly controlled by silicate *** chemical ions originated mainly from dissolution of some minerals,such as plagioclase,halite,dolomite,calcite,and *** diatoms had a lower CO_(2)requirement because they exhibited a higher abundance at a lower partial pressure of CO_(2)(p CO_(2)).However,high CO_(2)concentration had a positive effect on cyanobacteria,which reduced the active transport of HCO_(3)^(-),saved the energy needed for this part of active transport,and indirectly improved the overall photosynthetic efficiency of *** anhydrase(CA)activity was significantly negatively correlated with p CO_(2)and positively correlated with HCO_(3)^(-)concentration,indicating that CA in water promoted the conversion of CO_(2)to HCO_(3)^(-).The HCO_(3)^(-)generated from this process continued to participate in the erosion of silicate rocks,sequestering CO_(2)in the form of Ca CO_(3),which has a non-negligible impact on the carbon sink in the Fenhe *** consequences may have important implications for the biogeochemical cycling occurring in urban water.

关键词： hydrochemistry inorganic carbon phytoplankton community carbonic anhydrase Fenhe River

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