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Characteristics of Spatiotemporal Distribution of Sea Surface Wind along the East Coast of Guangdong Province

Journal of Meteorological Research 2018年第4期32卷 627-635页

作者： Fei LIAO Hua DENG Pak-wai CHAN guangzhou Meteorological Observatory Guangzhou 511430 guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510080 Guangdong Ecological meteorology Center Guangzhou 510080 Hong Kong Observatory Hong Kong 999077

We analyzed the frequency distribution characteristics of wind speeds occurring at different offshore sites within a range of 0-200 km based on the sea surface wind data captured via buoys and oil platforms located along the east coast of Guangdong Province. The results of the analysis showed that average wind speed measured for each station reached a maximum in winter while minima occurred in summer, corresponding to obvious seasonal variation, and average wind speed increased with offshore distance. The prevailing wind direction at the nearshore site is the east-erly wind, and the frequency of winds within 6-1. m s^-1.is considerable with that of winds at 〉 1. m s^-1. With the in-crease of the offshore distance, the winds were less affected by the land, and the prevailing wind direction gradually became northerly winds, predominately those at 〉 1. m s^-1. For areas of shorter offshore distance （〈 1.0 km）, sur-face wind speeds fundamentally conformed to a two-parameter Weibull distribution, but there was a significant dif-ference between wind speed probability distributions and the Weibull distribution in areas more than 1.0 km off-shore. The mean wind speeds and wind speed standard deviations increased with the offshore distance, indicating that with the increase of the wind speed, the pulsation of the winds increased obviously, resulting in an increase in the ra-tio of the mean wind speed to the standard deviation of wind speed. When the ratio was large, the skewness became negative. When a relatively great degree of dispersion was noted between the observed skewness and the skewness corresponding to the theoretical Weibull curve, the wind speed probability distribution could not be adequately de-scribed by a Weibull distribution. This study provides a basis for the verification of the adaptability of Weibull distri-bution in different sea areas.

关键词： sea surface wind probability distribution observation buoy oil platform

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COMPARISON OF THE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVELOPED VERSUS UNDEVELOPED MID-LEVEL VORTEXES

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Journal of tropical {1. 2014年第1期20卷 57-65页

作者：黄辉军袁金南李春晖毛伟康 Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction and Joint Open Laboratory of marine {1. Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine MeteorologyChina Meteorological Administration

Using the NCEP 1.×1.reanalysis data,several obvious differences of the structural characteristics of developed versus undeveloped mid-level vortexes are ***,the central vorticity of the developed mid-level vortex increases towards higher levels while the undeveloped one *** low-level convergence structure maintains well in the developed mid-level vortex whereas the undeveloped one does ***,on the one hand,according to the symmetric analysis,the horizontal wind field and wind vertical section of the developed mid-level vortex are well symmetric while those of the undeveloped one are less ***,weak wind vertical shear help the developed mid-level vortex to establish a warm core in upper-and mid-levels of the *** the other hand,according to the balance analysis,better balance between wind and pressure is shown in the mid-and lower-levels of the troposphere of the developed mid-level vortex than in those of the undeveloped ***,positive anomaly of potential vorticity is enhanced and developed in the vertical direction of the developed ***,the undeveloped vortex weakens with a weak positive anomaly.

关键词： South China Sea area tropical cyclone genesis and development mid-level vortex structural characteristics

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A NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES WITH DIFFERENT TEMPORAL RESOLUTIONS ON TYPHOON DUJUAN OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA

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Journal of tropical {1. 2010年第2期16卷 195-200页

作者：陈颖珺谢强蒙伟光袁金南王东晓 Key Laboratory of tropical {1. Environmental Dynamics South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology CMA

Daily and weekly sea surface temperature data of tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System sensors are used as forcing of the underlying sea surface in the mesoscale numerical model to simulate Typhoon Dujuan that moved across the South China Sea in 2003. The numerical results show that different SSTs near the typhoon center result in differences in the atmospheric wind field, indicating that the model has a fast and obvious response to SSTs. Different SST influences the intensity and track of Dujuan to some degree and has significant impacts on its precipitation and latent heat flux near the eye. The SST influence on Dujuan is mainly fulfilled by changing the latent heat flux between the ocean surface and the atmosphere above.

关键词： mesoscale numerical models typhoon Dujuan sea surface temperature South China Sea

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Interdecadal Variations of Precipitation and Temperature in China Around the Abrupt Change of Atmospheric Circulation in 1.76

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 2009年第3期23卷 315-326页

作者：李春晖万齐林林爱兰谷德军郑彬 institute of {1. and marine meteorology/The Key Laboratory for {1. Monsoon CMA

The interdecadal characteristics of rainfall and temperature in China before and after the abrupt change of the general circulation in 1.76 are analyzed using the global 2.5°×2.5° monthly mean reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction of US and the precipitation and temperature data at the 743 stations of China from the National Climate Center of China. The results show that after 1.76, springtime precipitation and temperature were anomalously enhanced and reduced respectively in South China, while the reverse was true in the western Yangtze River basin. In summer, precipitation was anomalously less in South China, more in the Yangtze River basin, less again in North China and more again in Northeast China, showing a distribution pattern alternating with negative and positive anomalies （＂ , ＋, -, ＋＂）. Meanwhile, temperature shows a distribution of warming in South China, cooling in the Yangtze and Huaihe River basins, and warming again in northern China. In autumn, precipitation tended to decrease and temperature tended to increase in in South China and warming was most parts of the country. In winter, the trend across all parts of China. precipitation increased moderately The interdecadal decline of mean temperature in spring and summer in China was mainly due to the daily maximum temperature variation, while the interdecadal increase was mainly the result of the minimum temperature change. The overall warming in autumn （winter） was mostly influenced by the minimum （maximum） temperature variation. These changes were closely related to the north-south shifts of the ascending and descending branches of the Hadley cell, the strengthening and north-south progression of the westerly jet stream, and the atmospheric stratification and water vapor transport conditions.

关键词： temperature and precipitation in China seasons Hadley cell, upper-level westerly jet stream water vapor transport

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DETERMINATION OF ONSET DATE OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA SUMMER MONSOON IN 2006 USING LARGE-SCALE CIRCULATIONS

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Journal of tropical {1. 2011年第3期17卷 202-208页

作者：郑彬林爱兰谷德军李春晖 guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology/Key Open Laboratory for tropical Monsoon China Meteorological Administration

Since the South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon (SCSSM) is pronouncedly featured by abruptly intensified southwesterly and obviously increased precipitation over the SCS,the lower-tropospheric winds and/or convection intensities are widely used to determine the SCSSM *** methods can be used successfully in most of the years but not in *** to the intrusion of Typhoon Chanchu(0601.that year,the usual method of determining SCSSM onset date by utilizing the SCS regional indices is less capable of pinpointing the real onset *** order to solve the problem,larger-scale situations have to be taken into *** and meridional circulations would be better to determine the break-out date of SCSSM in *** result indicates that its onset date is May ***,similar onset dates for other years can be obtained using various methods,implying that large-scale zonal and meridional circulations can be used as an alternative method for determining the SCSSM onset date.

关键词： South China Sea summer monsoon(SCSSM) circulation onset typhoon

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互花米草有利于我国海岸带蓝碳功能提升

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Science Bulletin 2024年第12期69卷 1991-2000页

作者：张靖凡毛德华刘纪化陈雅萍 Matthew Kirwan Christian Sanders 周金戈卢哲覃国铭黄幸运李慧焉恒琦焦念志苏纪兰王法明 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Applied Botany Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystemsthe CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal EcosystemsSouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China South China National Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China marine Research {1. Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Ecology Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China Virginia institute of {1. Science Gloucester PointVA 23062USA National marine Science Centre School of EnvironmentScience and EngineeringSouthern Cross UniversityCoffs HarbourNSW 2450Australia Guangdong Eco-engineering Polytechnic Guangzhou 510520China Carbon Neutral Innovation Research Center and Fujian Key Laboratory of marine Carbon Sequestration Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Second institute of Oceanography State Oceanic AdministrationHangzhou 310012China Southern marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Spartina alterniflora has rapidly and extensively encroached on China's coastline over the past *** the coastal areas invaded by ***,at most 93%are ***,the effect of *** invasion on soil organic carbon(SOC)stocks of coastal mudflats has not been systematically studied on a national ***,we quantified the nationwide changes in SOC stocks in coastal mudflats associated with *** invasion between 1.90 and *** found that *** invasion significantly enhanced SOC stocks in coastal ***,the benefit of *** invasion of coastal SOC stock may be weakened by continuing human *** found that *** invading mudflats added 2.3 Tg SOC stocks to China's coastal blue carbon,while 1.78 Tg SOC stocks were lost mainly due to human activities,resulted in a net SOC stock gain of 0.52 Tg *** findings overturned the traditionally thought that *** invasion would reduce ecosystem services by highlighting that the historical invasion of *** has broadly and consistently enhanced blue carbon stock in coastal China.

关键词： Spartina alterniflora invasion Mudflats China coastal wetland Blue carbon sequestration

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Implementation of the Incremental Analysis Update Initialization Scheme in the tropical Regional Atmospheric Modeling System under the Replay Configuration

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第1期35卷 198-208页

作者： Haorui LI Daosheng XU Banglin ZHANG guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather PredictionChina Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510640

In traditional simulations of heavy rainfall events, the regional model is often initialized by using a global reanalysis dataset and a cold start method. An alternative to using global analysis data is to gradually introduce the analysis field via an incremental analysis update(IAU) method under the replay configuration. We found substantial differences in the forecast of a heavy rainfall event in southern China between a precipitation forecast using the traditional method and a forecast using the IAU method in the tropical Regional Atmospheric Modeling System(TRAMS),based on the ECMWF global analysis. The IAU method is efficient in removing spurious high-frequency gravity wave noise, especially when the relaxation time is more than 90 min. The regional model needs to be pre-integrated for about 1. h to warm up the convective system in the background field. The improvement by the IAU method is supported by verification of simulations over 1.month(1.30 April 201.). In general, the IAU technique improves the initialization and spin-up process in the simulation of the heavy rainfall event.

关键词： incremental analysis update initialization replay

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Improvement of the Surface Pressure Operator in GRAPES and Its Application in Precipitation Forecasting in South China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第2期30卷 354-366页

作者： HUANG Yanyan XUE Jishan WAN Qilin CHEN Zitong DING Weiyu ZHANG Chengzhong guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology Guangzhou 510080 ~tate Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081

In this study we investigated the problems involved in assimilating surface pressure in the current global and regional assimilation and prediction system, GRAPES. A new scheme of assimilating surface pressure was proposed, including a new interpolation scheme and a refreshed background covariance. The new scheme takes account of the differences between station elevation and model topography, and it especially deals with stations located at elevations below that of the first model level. Contrast experiments were conducted using both the original and the new assimilation schemes. The influence of the new interpolation scheme and the updated background covariance were investigated. Our results show that the new interpolation scheme utilized more observations and improved the quality of the mass analysis. The background covariance was refreshed using statistics resulting from the technique proposed by Parrish and Derber in 1.92. Experiments show that the updated vertical covariance may have a positive influence on the analysis at higher levels of the atmosphere when assimilating surface pressure. This influence may be more significant if the quality of the background field at high levels is poor. A series of assimilation experiments were performed to test the validity of the new scheme. The corresponding simulation experiments were conducted using the analysis of both schemes as initial conditions. The results indicated that the new scheme leads to better forecasting of sea level pressure and precipitation in South China, especially the forecast of moderate and heavv rain.

关键词： GRAPES system surface pressure assimilation background covariance numerical simulation

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An Extreme Monsoonal Heavy Rainfall Event over Inland South China in June 2022: A Synoptic Causes Analysis

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Journal of tropical {1. 2023年第1期29卷 16-25页

作者：邓文剑任鹏飞张东孙宇吴乃庚 Guangdong Meteorological Observatory Guangzhou 510641 China guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510641 China

An extreme monsoonal heavy rainfall event lasted for nine days and recurred in the interior of northern south China from June 1. to 21. 2022. Using regional meteorological stations and ERA5 reanalysis data, the causes of this extreme monsoonal rainfall event in south China were analyzed and diagnosed. The results are shown as follows. A dominant South Asian high tended to be stable near the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, providing favorable upper-level dispersion conditions for the occurrence of heavy rainfall in south China. A western Pacific subtropical high dominated the eastern part of the South China Sea, favoring stronger and more northward transport of water vapor to the northern part of south China at lower latitudes than normal. The continuous heavy precipitation event can be divided into two stages. The first stage(June 1.-1.) was the frontal heavy rainfall caused by cold air(brought by an East Asian trough)from the mid-latitudes that converged with a monsoonal airflow. The heavy rains occurred mostly in the area near a shear in front of the center of a synoptic-system-related low-level jet(SLLJ), and the jet stream and precipitation were strongest in the daytime. The second stage(June 1.-21. was the warm-sector heavy rainfall caused by a South China Sea monsoonal low-level jet penetrating inland. The heavy rainfall occurred on the windward slope of the Nanling Mountains and in the northern part of a boundary layer jet(BLJ). The BLJ experienced five nighttime enhancements, corresponding well with the enhancement of the rainfall center, showing significant nighttime heavy rainfall characteristics. Finally, a conceptual diagram of inland-type warm-sector heavy rainfall in south China is summarized.

关键词： monsoonal heavy rainfall south China low-level jet synoptic causes

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THE IMPACT OF AIR-SEA INTERACTIONS ON TYPHOON STRUCTURE

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Journal of tropical {1. 2011年第1期17卷 87-92页

作者：蒋小平刘春霞莫海涛汪宇翔 Meteorological Observatory of PLA Unit No.75200 Command guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology CMA

In this work,the results of a coupled experiment and an uncoupled experiment conducted in one of our former works are used to analyze the impact of air-sea interactions on the structure of *** reveal that typhoon-induced SST decreases to reduce the latent heat fluxes transporting from the ocean to the atmosphere and cause the flux of sensible heat to transfer downward from the atmosphere to the *** SST reduction also has remarkable impacts on the typhoon structure by making the typhoon more axisymmetric,especially in the middle and high *** study also analyzes the basic characteristics of symmetric typhoon structure.

关键词： air-sea interactions typhoon structure SST reduction

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