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Drivers of East Asian summer monsoon variability:Global oceans and the Tibetan Plateau

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Science Bulletin 2024年第16期69卷 2487-2490页

作者： Anmin Duan Guoxiong Wu Bin Wang Andrew G.Turner Jun Hu Wenting Hu Ping Zhang Die Hu Yuheng Tang Center for marine {1. and Climate Change State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental ScienceCollege of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics(LASG) Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of HawaiiHonolulu 96822USA Department of meteorology University of ReadingReading RG67BEUK

The East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)profoundly influences the hydroclimate,ecosystems,and water resources of a densely populated region in *** EASM can lead to floods,droughts,significant economic losses,and social disruption in East Asia and Southeast *** the Indian and African monsoons,the EASM is shaped by both tropical and extratropical climate systems,including tropical oceanic modes,cross-equatorial airflows,the Madden-Julian Oscillation,the thermal condition of the Tibetan Plateau,the South Asia High,and the mid-latitude westerly jet.

关键词： Tibetan monsoon East

Wintertime Arctic Sea-Ice Decline Related to Multi-Year La Niña Events

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1680-1690页

作者： Wenxiu ZHONG Qian SHI Qinghua YANG Jiping LIU Song YANG School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

Arctic sea ice has undergone a significant decline in the Barents-Kara Sea(BKS)since the late *** studies have shown that the decrease in sea ice caused by increased poleward moisture transport is modulated by tropical sea temperature changes(mainly referring to La Niña events).The occurrence of multi-year La Niña(MYLA)events has increased significantly in recent decades,and their impact on Arctic sea ice needs to be further *** this study,we investigate the relationship between sea-ice variation and different atmospheric diagnostics during MYLA and other La Niña(OTLA)*** decline in BKS sea ice during MYLA winters is significantly stronger than that during OTLA *** is because MYLA events tend to be accompanied by a warm Arctic-cold continent pattern with a barotropic high pressure blocked over the Urals ***,more frequent northward atmospheric rivers intrude into the BKS,intensifying longwave radiation downward to the underlying surface and melting the BKS sea ***,in the early winter of OTLA years,a negative North Atlantic Oscillation presents in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,which obstructs the atmospheric rivers to the south of *** infer that such a different response of BKS sea-ice decline to different La Niña events is related to stratospheric *** the rapid climate changes in the past,more frequent MYLA events may account for the substantial Arctic sea-ice loss in recent decades.

关键词： Arctic sea ice multi-year ENSO Ural blocking atmospheric river Barents-Kara Sea

Impacts of New Implementing Strategies for Surface and Model Physics Perturbations in TREPS on Forecasts of Landfalling tropical Cyclones

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第11期39卷 1833-1858页

作者： Xubin ZHANG Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction Institute of Tropical and Marine MeteorologyCMAGuangzhou 510640China

To improve the ensemble prediction system of the tropical regional atmosphere model for the South China Sea(TREPS) in predicting landfalling tropical cyclones(TCs), the impacts of three new implementing strategies for surface and model physics perturbations in TREPS were evaluated for 1. TCs making landfall in China during 201.–1.. For sea surface temperature(SST) perturbations, spatially uncorrelated random perturbations were replaced with spatially correlated ones. The multiplier f, which is used to form perturbed tendency in the Stochastically Perturbed Parameterization Tendency(SPPT) scheme, was inflated in regions with evident convective activity(f-inflated SPPT). Lastly, the Stochastically Perturbed Parameterization(SPP) scheme with 1. perturbed parameters selected from the planetary boundary layer, surface layer, microphysics, and cumulus convection parameterizations was added. Overall, all these methods improved forecasts more significantly for non-intensifying than intensifying TCs. Compared with f-inflated SPPT,the spatially correlated SST perturbations generally showed comparable performance but were more(less) skillful for intensifying(non-intensifying) TCs. The advantages of the spatially correlated SST perturbations and f-inflated SPPT were mainly present in the deterministic guidance for both TC track and wind and in the probabilistic guidance for reliability of wind. For intensifying TCs, adding SPP led to mixed impacts with significant improvements in probability-matched mean of modest winds and in probabilistic forecasts of rainfall;while for non-intensifying TCs, adding SPP frequently led to positive impacts on the deterministic guidance for track, intensity, strong winds, and moderate rainfall and on the probabilistic guidance for wind and discrimination of rainfall.

关键词： ensemble forecasting mesoscale TC forecasting surface perturbations perturbations for model physics

STUDY ON THE CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POLLUTING FOG IN guangzhou AREA IN SPRING

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Journal of tropical {1. 2009年第1期15卷 68-72页

作者：吴兑李菲邓雪娇毕雪岩王新华黄晓莹 institute of {1. and marine meteorology CMA guangzhou {1. of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangdong Meteorological Observatory

Samples of fog water collected in the area of guangzhou during February, March and April of 2005 are used in this work to study the chemical composition of fog water in polluting fog there. Three typical episodes of polluting fog are analyzed in terms of ionic concentration and their possible sources. It is found that the concentration of various ions in fog water is much higher than those in rainwater. Fog not only blocks visual range but contains liquid particles that result in high degree of pollution and are very harmful to human health. SO4= is the anion with the highest concentration in fog water, followed by NO3-. For the cation, Ca++ and NH4+ are the highest in concentration. It is then known that rainwater is more acidic than fog water, indicating that ionic concentration of fog water is much higher than that of rainwater, but there are much more buffering materials in fog water, like NH4+ and Ca++. There is significant enrichment of Ca++, SO4=, and Mg++ in fog water. In the guangzhou area, fog water from polluting fog is mainly influenced continental environment and human activity. The episodes of serious fog pollution during the time have immediate relationships with the presence of abundant water vapor and large amount of polluting aerosol particles.

关键词： Atmospheric chemistry polluting fog fog water chemical composition guangzhou

Urban effects and summer thunderstorms in a tropical cyclone affected situation over {1. city

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第12期50卷 1867-1876页

作者： MENG WeiGuang1.3,YAN JingHua1.& HU HaiBo2 1.institute of {1. and marine meteorology,Chinese Meteorological Administration(CMA),guangzhou 51.080,China 2 institute of Urban meteorology,CMA,Beijing 1.0089,China 3 State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 1.0081.China 1. institute of {1. and marine meteorology Chinese Meteorological Administration (CMA) Guangzhou 510080 China 3. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China 2. institute of Urban {1. CMA Beijing 100089 China

With data mainly from guangzhou mesonet Automatic Weather Stations(AWS),guangzhou Doppler Radar and satellite TBB data,characteristics and evolution of the urban heat island(UHI) over Guang-zhou City were analyzed in a tropical cyclone affected situation for early August *** particular,two thunderstorms occurring during this period respectively at the night of 4 August and in the afternoon of 7 August were investigated to study the relationships between the development of thunderstorms and the *** showed that two thunderstorms were associated with the UHI *** induced local air convergence and initiated the thunderstorm *** cases showed a general agreement in time and space for the locations of maximum UHI,convergence,convection,and *** was found to be more favorable to developing in time periods and locations with stronger intensity of *** also showed that,due to the urban effects,both thunderstorms got strengthened when moving over guangzhou City,with maximum radar echoes observed right over the urban area and precipitation located within the *** these features reveal that two thunderstorms were urban-induced storms.

关键词： summer thunderstorms, urban heat islands (UHI), urban effects, tropical cyclone

Macro-and Micro-Structures of Heavy Fogs and Visibility in the Dayaoshan Expressway

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 2007年第3期21卷 342-352页

作者：吴兑邓雪娇毛节泰毛伟康叶燕翔毕雪岩 guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Guangzhou 510080 Department of Atmospheric SciencesEnvironmental Science and Engineering CollegeSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275 guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Guangzhou 510080 Department of Atmospheric SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871 Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871 guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Guangzhou 510080

Belonging to the southern subtropical moist type of monsoon climate, the Nanling mountainous area experiences heavy fogs whenever quasi-stationary fronts appear there from September to May. There can be as many as 1.-1. days of heavy fogs per month. Fogs have more serious consequences in the Lechang-Ruyuan section of the Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway （the longest expressway in China） that passes through the main part of the Nanling Mts., where the road rises from 200 m to more than 800 m above sea level （ASL）. For a major motorway in the mountainous areas of Nanling Mts., two multidisciplinary integrated field observations were carried out, which measured visibility by the naked eyes, visibility by instrument, spectrum of fogdrops, liquid water content （LWC） of fog, tethered sounding, dual-parameter low-level sounding, turbulence diffusion within fog layers, aerosol spectra of size and composition, sampled fog water compositions, and sampled rainwater compositions. Typical cases were probed for their analyses of synoptics, micro- and macro-structures and microphysics. It is understood that heavy fogs take place with high frequency in the area and bring about serious consequences. Being typical advection and upslope fogs, they are in essence low-lying clouds appearing at high altitudes, which are closely related with the activity of South China frontal processes, especially the South China quasi-stationary fronts, and reflect on the role of local terrain as well. The heavy fogs are characteristic of long duration, extremely low visibility, well-organized lumpshaped structure, large-size fog-drops, moderate concentration, high LWC, and stronger turbulent diffusion within the fog layers than in fine sky. They differ much from radiation fogs, which are better documented in previous study in China. It is found that fog LWC is in significant anti-correlation with visibility so that large LWC is associated with small visual range. It is also noted that one of the reasons for t

关键词： Nanling mountainous areas heavy fogs visibility macro- and micro-physical features size distribution of aerosols

VARIATION OF AEROSOL OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN guangzhou DURING SOUTH CHINA SEA SUMMER MONSOON EVENTS

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Journal of tropical {1. 2015年第1期21卷 76-83页

作者：郑彬吴兑李菲邓涛 guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology/Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical Weather Prediction China Meteorological Administration

Variations in guangzhou's aerosol optical characteristics and their possible causes are studied against the large-scale background of South China Sea summer monsoons(SCSSM) using aerosol data derived from Panyu Atmospheric Composition Watch Station in guangzhou and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research(USA). The data is reanalyzed to develop a composite analysis and perform physical diagnoses. Analysis of the results shows that aerosol extinction in guangzhou first increases then decreases during the active period of a SCSSM, with variations in the stratification of the planetary boundary layer(PBL) and environmental winds playing important roles in affecting guangzhou's aerosol optical characteristics. Regional diabatic heating and anomalous cyclonic circulations excited by monsoon convection induce environmental wind anomalies that significantly modify the stratification of the PBL.

关键词： aerosol optical characteristics composite analysis South China Sea summer monsoon

ANALYSIS OF MESOSCALE CONVECTIVE SYSTEMS ASSOCIATED WITH A WARM-SECTOR RAINSTORM EVENT OVER SOUTH CHINA

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Journal of tropical {1. 2011年第1期17卷 1-10页

作者：张晓美蒙伟光张艳霞梁建茵 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences CMABeijing 100081 China guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology CMA

With multiple meteorological data, including precipitation from automatic weather stations, integrated satellite-based precipitation (CMORPH), brightness temperature (TBB), radar echoes and NCEP reanalysis, a rainstorm event, which occurred on May 26, 2007 over South China, is analyzed with the focus on the evolution characteristics of associated mesoscale-β convective systems (Mβcss). Results are shown as follows. (1. The rainstorm presents itself as a typical warm-sector event, for it occurs within a surface inverted trough and on the left side of a southwesterly low-level jet (LLJ), which shows no obvious features of baroclinicity. (2) The heavy rainfall event is directly related to at least three bodies of Mβcss with peak precipitation corresponding well to their mature stages. (3) The Mβcss manifest a backward propagation, which is marked with a new form of downstream convection different from the more usual type of forward propagation over South China, i.e., new convective systems mainly form at the rear part of older Mβcss. (4) Rainstorm-causing Mβcss form near the convergence region on the left side of an 850-hPa southwesterly LLJ, over which there are dominantly divergent air flows at 200 hPa. Different from the typical flow pattern of outward divergence off the east side of South Asia High, which is usually found to be over zones of heavy rains during the annually first rainy season of South China, this warm-sector heavy rain is below the divergence region formed between the easterly and southerly flows west of the South Asian High that is moving out to sea. (5) The LLJ transports abundant amount of warm and moist air to the heavy rainfall area, providing advantageous conditions for highly unstable energy to generate and store at middle and high levels, where corresponding low-level warm advection may be playing a more direct role in the development of Mβcss. As a triggering mechanism for organized convective systems, the effect of low-level warm advection

关键词： mesoscale analysis warm-sector rainstorm South China rainstorm Mesoscale β

CONNECTION OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA SUMMER MONSOON TO MARITIME CONTINENT CONVECTION AND ENSO

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Journal of tropical {1. 2010年第1期16卷 1-9页

作者：谷德军李天明纪忠萍郑彬 guangzhou {1. of tropical and marine meteorology and Key Open Laboratory for Tropical MonsoonChina Meteorological Administration International Pacific Research Center and Department of MeteorologyUniversity of Hawaii at Manoa guangzhou Central Meteorological Observatory

The relationship between the intensity of the South China Sea summer monsoon （SCSSM） and the Nino3.4 index and anomalous atmospheric circulation patterns associated with a strong and weak SCSSM are investigated using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature （ERSST） data and Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation （CMAP） data. The SCSSM is significantly positively correlated with the Nino3.4 index in the succeeding northern autumn and winter. In the strong minus weak SCSSM composite, a positive East Asia-Pacific teleconnection （EAP） pattern and a negative Europe-Asian-Pacific teleconnection （EUP） pattern appear in the 500 hPa height difference field; low-level cross-equatorial flows are strengthened over the Maritime Continent （MC） region; positive （negative） precipitation anomalies occur in the South China Sea and western north Pacific （MC）. A possible mechanism through which SCSSM affects ENSO is proposed. A strong （weak） SCSSM strengthens （weakens） cross-equatorial flows over the MC. The anomalous cross-equatorial flows cool （warm） the SST around the MC through enhanced （reduced） surface latent heat fluxes. The cooling （warming） further leads to suppressed （enhanced） convection over the MC, and causes the anomalous westerly （easterly） in the equatorial western Pacific, which favors the onset of E1.Nino （La Nina） through modulating the positive air-sea feedback process.

关键词： South China Sea summer monsoon cross-equatorial flow Maritime Continent anomalous westerly: ENSO