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Study on coupling between deep and shallow structures of Xingtai area and some significant questions

Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 2000年第4期13卷 413-423页

作者：顾梦林刘保金赵成彬孙振国 1. Research center of {1. Geophysics China Seismological Bureau 450003 Zhengzhou China

In the light of results from study on coupling between deep and shallow structures in Xingtai earthquake area during the 'Ninth Five-Year Plan' period and other previous results from deep seismic refraction/reflection and seismic prospecting of petroleum, we infer that there exist a series of shallow faults in the upper crust above the 8 km-deep detachment surface in Xingtai macroseismic focal region, where none of the faults, including Aixinzhuang fault reaches the Quaternary stratum, except that the Xinhe fault cuts through the mid-Pleistocene formation upwards. Aixinzhuang fault and other faults extend downwards into Xinhe fault whereas the Xinhe listric fault stretches downwards at a low dip angle into the detachment surface. The abyssal fault with high dip angle under the detachment surface cutting through the middle and lower crust to Moho is the causative fault for the large Xingtai earthquake, whose dislocation can cause strong earthquakes, shallow fault activity and the motion of surface material. The shallow faults in the upper crust are not causative faults for strong earthquakes, although they may be active faults. The existence of the detachment surface brings about a special relationship between shallow and deep structures, i.e. they are relatively independent of each other and have effects on each other It not only transmits partial energy and deformation between the upper and lower crust,but also has a certain decoupling effect. Finally we conclude that active faults do not necessarily reach the latest stratum, and the age of uppermost faulted stratum cannot represent the latest active period of the fault. This put to us a significant question in regard to the age determination and study of active faults. Other noticeable questions are also inferred to in this study.

关键词： coupling between deep and shallow structures earthquake fault active fault

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Basement interface structural characteristics beneath Jiashi strong earthquake swarm area in Xinjiang, China

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第5期20卷 507-512页

作者：徐朝繁段永红田晓峰潘纪顺张建狮胡修奇 geophysical {1. center China Earthquake Administration Earthquake Administration of Henan Province

The seismic data obtained from high resolution seismic refraction profile in Jiashi strong earthquake swarm area in Xinjiang, China were further processed with ray hit analysis method and more complete basement interface structural characteristics beneath Jiashi strong earthquake swarm area were determined. The results show that there are two clear basement interfaces at the upper crust in Jiashi strong earthquake swarm area. The first one with buried depth ranging from 2.6 km to 3.3 km presents integral and continuous structure, and it appears an inclined plane interface and smoothly rises up toward Tianshan Mountain. The second basement interface with buried depth from 8.5 km to 1..8 km, is the antiquated crystalline basement of Tarim basin. Near the post number of 37 km, the buried depth of the crystalline basement changed abruptly by 2.5 km, which maybe result from an ultra crystalline basement fault. If taking this fault as a boundary, the crystalline basement could be divided into two parts, i.e. the southwestern segment with buried depth about 1..5 km, and the northeastern segment with buried depth approxi-mately from 8.5 km to 9.0 km. That is to say, in each segment, the buried depth changes not too much. The northeast segment rises up as a whole and upheaves slightly from southwest to northeast, which reflects the upper crustal deformation characteristics under the special tectonic background at the northwestern edge of Tarim basin.

关键词： Jiashi strong earthquake swarm area high resolution refraction survey ray hit analysis method basement interface structure, ultra crystalline basement fault

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A Study on the Assessment and Integration of Multi-Source Evapotranspiration Products over the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 435-448页

作者： Ming CHENG Lei ZHONG Yaoming MA Han MA Yaoxin CHANG Peizhen LI Meilin CHENG Xian WANG Nan GE School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology Hefei 230026China Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation center for Climate Change Nanjing 210023China Frontiers Science center for Planetary {1. and Emerging Technologies University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Land-Atmosphere Interaction and its Climatic Effects Group State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth SystemResources and Environment(TPESRE)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China College of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China National Observation and Research Station for Qomolongma Special Atmospheric Processes and Environmental Changes Dingri 858200China Kathmandu center of Research and Education Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China China-Pakistan Joint Research center on Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesIslamabad 45320Pakistan

Evapotranspiration(ET)is a crucial variable in the terrestrial water,carbon,and energy *** present,a large number of multi source ET products *** to sparse observations,however,great challenges exist in the evaluation and integration of ET products in remote and complex areas such as the Tibetan Plateau(TP).In this paper,the applicability of the multiple collocation(MC)method over the TP is evaluated for the first time,and the uncertainty of multisource ET products(based on reanalysis,remote sensing,and land surface models)is further analyzed,which provides a theoretical basis for ET data *** results show that 1.ET uncertainties quantified via the MC method are lower in RS-based ET products(5.95 vs.7.06 mm month^(-1.)than in LSM ET products(1..22 vs.1..97 mm month^(-1.)and reanalysis ET estimates(7.27 vs.1..26 mm month-1..2)A multisource evapotranspiration(MET)dataset is generated at a monthly temporal scale with a spatial resolution of 0.25°across the TP during *** has better performance than any individual product.3)Based on the fusion product,the total ET amount over the TP and its patterns of spatiotemporal variability are clearly *** annual total ET over the entire TP is approximately 380.60 ***,an increasing trend of 1.59±0.85 mm yr^(-1.over the TP is shown during *** study provides a basis for future studies on water and energy cycles and water resource management over the TP and surrounding regions.

关键词： evapotranspiration data fusion multiple collocation the Tibetan Plateau

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Upper Crustal Velocity Structure along the Yangtze River from Ma'anshan to Anqing

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Earthquake Research in China 2016年第3期30卷 430-438页

作者： Tian Xiaofeng Wang Fuyun Liu Baofeng Yang Zhuoxin Zheng Chenglong Gao Zhanyong geophysical {1. center China Earthquake Administration

We applied the 3D first arrival travel time tomography method to the Anhui active seismic source experiment data,and obtained the imaging of the upper crust velocity structure beneath the Yangtze River from Ma'anshan,Tongling to Anqing. Data fitting reveals the tomographic model fits the data with uncertainties, without overfitting, and with a minimum of complexity. The tomographic result shows an obvious heterogeneous upper crust which consists of a series of uplifts and depression basins. The velocity model and region imply that this region has experienced crustal uplift and extensional tectonism with concomitant magmatism since the Cenozoic.

关键词： Seismic active source Airgun 3D seismic tomography Survey geometry

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Boron nitride microribbons strengthened and toughened alumina composite ceramics with excellent mechanical,dielectric,and thermal conductivity properties

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第4期13卷 496-506页

作者： Jilin Wang Dongping Lu Weiping Xuan Yuchun Ji Ruiqi Chen Shaofei Li Wenbiao Li Wenzhuo Chen Shilin Tang Guoyuan Zheng Fei Long Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Efficient Utilization of ResourcesSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringGuilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metals and Materials of Ministry of Education Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloon 999077Hong KongChina

Aluminum oxide(Al_(2)O_(3))ceramics have been widely utilized as circuit substrates owing to their exceptional *** this study,boron nitride microribbon(BNMR)/Al_(2)O_(3)composite ceramics are prepared using spark plasma sintering(SPS).This study examines the effect of varying the amount of toughened phase BNMR on the density,mechanical properties,dielectric constant,and thermal conductivity of BNMR/Al_(2)O_(3)composite ceramics while also exploring the mechanisms behind the toughening and increased thermal conductivity of the fabricated *** results showed that for a BNMR content of 5 wt%,BNMR/Al_(2)O_(3)composite ceramics displayed more enhanced characteristics than pure Al_(2)O_(3)*** particular,the relative density,hardness,fracture toughness,and bending strength were 99.95%±0.025%,34.1.±1.5 GPa,5.42±0.21.MPa·m^(1.2),and 375±2.5 MPa,*** values represent increases of 0.76%,70%,35%,and 25%,respectively,compared with the corresponding values for pure Al_(2)O_(3)***,during the SPS process,BNMRs are subjected to high temperatures and pressures,resulting in the bending and deformation of the Al_(2)O_(3)matrix;this leads to the formation of special thermal pathways within *** dielectric constant of the composite ceramics decreased by 25.6%,whereas the thermal conductivity increased by 45.6%compared with that of the pure Al_(2)O_(3)*** results of this study provide valuable insights into ways of enhancing the performance of Al_(2)O_(3)-based ceramic substrates by incorporating novel BNMRs as a second *** improvements are significant for potential applications in circuit substrates and related fields that require high-performance materials with improved mechanical properties and thermal conductivities.

关键词： boron nitride microribbons/aluminum oxide(BNMRs/Al_(2)O_(3))composite ceramics boron nitride microribbon(BNMR) spark plasma sintering(SPS) strengthening and toughening thermal conductivity

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Assessment of Crop Yield in China Simulated by Thirteen Global Gridded Crop Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 420-434页

作者： Dezhen YIN Fang LI Yaqiong LU Xiaodong ZENG Zhongda LIN Yanqing ZHOU International center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

Global gridded crop models(GGCMs) have been broadly applied to assess the impacts of climate and environmental change and adaptation on agricultural production. China is a major grain producing country, but thus far only a few studies have assessed the performance of GGCMs in China, and these studies mainly focused on the average and interannual variability of national and regional yields. Here, a systematic national-and provincial-scale evaluation of the simulations by1. GGCMs [1. from the GGCM Intercomparison(GGCMI) project, phase 1. and CLM5-crop] of the yields of four crops(wheat, maize, rice, and soybean) in China during 1.80–2009 was carried out through comparison with crop yield statistics collected from the National Bureau of Statistics of China. Results showed that GGCMI models generally underestimate the national yield of rice but overestimate it for the other three crops, while CLM5-crop can reproduce the national yields of wheat, maize, and rice well. Most GGCMs struggle to simulate the spatial patterns of crop yields. In terms of temporal variability, GGCMI models generally fail to capture the observed significant increases, but some can skillfully simulate the interannual variability. Conversely, CLM5-crop can represent the increases in wheat, maize, and rice, but works less well in simulating the interannual variability. At least one model can skillfully reproduce the temporal variability of yields in the top-1. producing provinces in China, albeit with a few exceptions. This study, for the first time, provides a complete picture of GGCM performance in China, which is important for GGCM development and understanding the reliability and uncertainty of national-and provincial-scale crop yield prediction in China.

关键词： global gridded crop model historical crop yield China multi-model evaluation

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Study of crustal thickness and poisson's ratio of the south of Erenhot area by teleseismic receiver function

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Earthquake Science 2018年第4期31卷 215-223页

作者： Lei Jiang Yonghong Duan Yanna Zhao Yong Qiu Cheng Li Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration geophysical {1. center China Earthquake Administration

The Xing’an Mongolian Orogenic Belt(XMOB) and the northern margin of North China Craton(NCC) have undergone multistage tectonic superimposition and the tectonic evolution is extremely complicated. We collect the teleseismic data of 44 temporary broadband seismic stations deployed in the XMOB and the northern margin of NCC to calculate the P wave receiver functions. The crustal thickness and average crustal ratio as well as the Poisson’s ratios beneath 33 stations are estimated using the H-κ stacking method. The results show:(1. the crustal thickness of the study area ranges from 38.7 to 42.7 km, with an average thickness of 41.2 km. There is a great difference in crustal thickness on both sides of Solonker suture zone. The characteristics of crustal thickness support the geodynamic model that the Paleo-Asian Ocean subducted and closed at the Solonker suture zone.(2) The Poisson’s ratios in the study area are low, ranging from 0.21. to 0.277, with an average value of 0.243, suggesting that the rock composition of the area is dominated by felsic-acid rocks.(3) There exists a negative correlation between the Poisson’s ratio and the crustal thickness. Combined with the lower values of Poisson’s ratio, we speculate that the delamination is the major mechanism in crustal extension and thinning in the study area.

关键词： Xing'an mongolia orogenic belt northern margin of North China Craton receiver function crustal thickness poisson's ratio

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MULTI-SCALE DECOMPOSITION OF BOUGUER GRAVITY ANOMALY AND SEISMIC ACTIVITY IN NORTH CHINA

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大地测量与地球动力学 2003年第B12期23卷 34-40页

作者： Fang Shengming, Zhang Xiankang, Jia Shixu, Duan Yonghong, Yang Zhuoxin and Qiu Shuyan (geophysical of {1. center, CEA, Zhengzhou 450002, China) geophysical of {1. center CEA Zhengzhou 450002 China

Bouguer gravity anomaly in North China is decomposed with multi scale decomposition technique of wavelet transform. Gravity anomalies produced by anomalous density bodies of various scales are revealed from surface to Moho. Characteristics of anomalies of different orders and corresponding structural features are discussed. The result shows that details of wavelet transform of different orders reflect the distribution features of rock density at different depths and in various scales. In most cases, the two sides of a fault especially a deep and large fault in North China differ greatly in rock density. This difference records the history of the formation and evolution of the crust. Deep structural setting for the \%M\%s≥7.0 strong earthquakes in this region is also discussed.

关键词：弱波的多级化解区域地壳的特性重力异常岩石密度中国北方地震活动

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Ray hit analysis method and its application to complex upper crustal structure survey

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Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition) 2006年第2期19卷 173-182页

作者：徐朝繁张先康张建狮胡修奇 geophysical {1. center China Earthquake AdministrationZhengzhou 450002 China Earthquake Administration of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450000 China

Based on the results obtained from Pg wavefront imaging in active source deep seismic sounding, we propose a new ray hit analysis method for high-resolution seismic refraction profile data processing. This method can be used to further determine possible refraction interface, especially spatial location of basement and its pattern characteristics in complex upper crustal structure region, making data processing for high-resolution refraction profiles more fine. We use this method to study the crystalline basement structure of east part of A＇nyemaqên suite zone at northeast side of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the basement patterns as well as its spreading features at the east part of Anemaqen suite zone and its adjacent region were determined.

关键词： high-resolution refraction ray hit analysis A'nyemaqên suite zone basement structure

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S-wave velocity structure in Tangshan earthquake region and its adjacent areas from joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave dispersion

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Earthquake Science 2020年第1期33卷 42-52页

作者： Yanna Zhao Yonghong Duan Zhuoxin Yang Zhanyong Gao geophysical {1. center China Earthquake AdministrationZhengzhou 450002China

Using the seismic records of 83 temporary and 1. permanent broadband seismic stations deployed in Tangshan earthquake region and its adjacent areas(39°N–41.5°N,1.5.5°E–1.9.5°E),we conducted a nonlinear joint inversion of receiver functions and surface wave *** obtained some detailed information about the Tangshan earthquake region and its adjacent areas,including sedimentary thickness,Moho depth,and crustal and upper mantle S-wave ***,we also obtained the vP/vS structure along two sections across the Tangshan *** results show that:(1.the Moho depth ranges from 30 km to 38 km,and it becomes shallower from Yanshan uplift area to North China basin;(2)the thickness of sedimentary layer ranges from 0 km to 3 km,and it thickens from Yanshan uplift region to North China basin;(3)the S-wave velocity structure shows that the velocity distribution of the upper crust has obvious correlation with the surface geological structure,while the velocity characteristics of the middle and lower crust are opposite to that of the upper *** with the upper crust,the heterogeneity of the middle and lower crust is more obvious;(4)the discontinuity of Moho on the two sides of Tangshan fault suggests that Tangshan fault cut the whole crust,and the low vS and high vP/vS beneath the Tangshan earthquake region may reflect the invasion of mantle thermal material through Tangshan fault.

关键词： Tangshan earthquake region joint inversion surface wave dispersion receiver functions S-wave velocity

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