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A novel low-cost visual ear tag based identification system for precision beef cattle livestock farming

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2024年第1期11卷 117-126页

作者： Andrea Pretto Gianpaolo Savio Flaviana Gottardo Francesca Uccheddu Gianmaria Concheri department of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringUniversity of PaduaItaly department of Animal Medicine Production and HealthUniversity of PadovaItaly department of Industrial {1. University of PadovaItaly

The precision livestock farming(PLF)has the objective to maximize each animal's performance while reducing the environmental impact and maintaining the quality and safety of meat *** the PLF techniques,the personalised management of each individual animal based on sensors systems,represents a viable *** is worth noting that the implementation of an effective PLF approach can be still expensive,especially for small and medium-sized farms;for this reason,to guarantee the sustainability of a customized livestock management system and encourage its use,plug and play and cost-effective systems are *** this context,we present a novel low-cost method for identifying beef cattle and recognizing their basic activities by a single surveillance *** leveraging the current state-of-the-art methods for real-time object detection,(i.e.,YOLOv3)cattle's face areas,we propose a novel mechanism able to detect the ear tag as well as the water ingestion state when the cattle is close to the *** cow IDs are read by an optical Character Recognition(OCR)algorithm for which,an ad hoc error correction algorithm is here presented to avoid numbers misreading and correctly match the IDs to only actually present *** to the detection of the tag position,the OCR algorithm can be applied only to a specific region of interest reducing the computational cost and the time *** times for the areas are outputted as cattle activity recognition *** results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method,showing a mAP@0.50 of 89%.

关键词： Precision livestock farming Deep learning Cattlei dentification Low-cost sensors Computer vision

Re-usable Cd_(0.9)Zn_(0.1.S-ZnO@C/PVDF piezo-photocatalytic film with exceptional hydrogen evolution capability triggered by the synergetic advantages of piezoelectricity and S-Scheme heterojunction

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 164-176页

作者： Ping Su Dong Zhang Minghui Zhu Tengteng Liang Nan Yang Huaihao Zhao Dafeng Zhang Junchang Liu Peiqing Cai Xipeng Pu School of Materials Science and engineering Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Science and Novel Cell TechnologyLiaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000ShandongChina School of Physics Science and Information Technology Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Sciencend TechnologyLiaocheng UniversityLiaocheng 252000ShandongChina College of optical and Electronic Technology China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018ZhejiangChina

Piezoelectric materials have advantages of fine-tuning photocatalytic performance through harvesting mechanical energy and open a new avenue in facilitating green catalytic ***,polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF),a flexible piezoelectric material,was introduced to synthesize a novel Cd_(0.9)Zn_(0.1.S-ZnO@C/PVDF(CZS-ZO@C/PVDF)piezo-photocatalytic film by spin coating and immersion phase conversion *** from the piezoelectricity of PVDF and the internal electric field(IEF)of CZS-ZO@C Step-scheme(S-Scheme)heterojunction,CZS-ZO@C/PVDF was able to induce a hydrogen generation rate of 34.9 mmol g^(−1.h^(−1.activated by ultrasound and visible light(U-L),which is∼1..5 times of Cd_(0.9)Zn_(0.1.S/PVDF(CZS/PVDF)and∼7.4 times of the photocatalysis rate activated by visible light only(L).Piezoelectric measurements and COMSOL simulation illustrated the excellent piezoelectricity of CZS-ZO@C/PVDF film,which exhibits a piezoelectric coefficient(d33)of 9.9 pm V−1.and a piezoelectric potential of 874 mV(under 0.5 MPa).The reaction mechanism for the exceptional piezo-photocatalytic performance was finally disclosed through density functional theory(DFT)calculation and electrochemical *** study enriches the application scope of piezoelectric materials in sustainable energy catalysis and provides a new direction to develop efficient piezoelectric photocatalysts.

关键词： Piezo-photocatalysis Heterojunction Cd_(0.9)Zn_(0.1.S Zno@c PVDF

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Machine-learned wearable sensors for real-time hand-motion recognition: toward practical applications

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 231-263页

作者： Kyung Rok Pyun Kangkyu Kwon Myung Jin Yoo Kyun Kyu Kim Dohyeon Gong Woon-Hong Yeo Seungyong Han Seung Hwan Ko department of Mechanical {1. Seoul National University IEN Center for Human-Centric Interfaces and engineering Institute for Electronics and NanotechnologyGeorgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer engineering Georgia Institute of Technology department of Chemical {1. Stanford University department of Mechanical {1. Ajou University George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Institute of Advanced Machinery and Design(SNU-IAMD) Seoul National University

Soft electromechanical sensors have led to a new paradigm of electronic devices for novel motion-based wearable applications in our daily lives. However, the vast amount of random and unidentified signals generated by complex body motions has hindered the precise recognition and practical application of this technology. Recent advancements in artificial-intelligence technology have enabled significant strides in extracting features from massive and intricate data sets, thereby presenting a breakthrough in utilizing wearable sensors for practical applications. Beyond traditional machine-learning techniques for classifying simple gestures, advanced machine-learning algorithms have been developed to handle more complex and nuanced motion-based tasks with restricted training data sets. Machine-learning techniques have improved the ability to perceive, and thus machine-learned wearable soft sensors have enabled accurate and rapid human-gesture recognition, providing real-time feedback to users. This forms a crucial component of future wearable electronics, contributing to a robust human–machine interface. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary covering materials, structures and machine-learning algorithms for hand-gesture recognition and possible practical applications through machine-learned wearable electromechanical sensors.

关键词： wearable sensor soft electronics artificial intelligence machine learning human–machine interfaces gesture recognition

Revisiting non-linear Thomson scattering with metamaterials

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 71-72页

作者： Natalia M.Litchinitser department of Electrical and Computer {1. Duke University

Non-linear optics is a branch of optics that studies the intriguing and sometimes unexpected ways in which light and matter interact at high intensities, when the polarization density does not respond linearly to the electric field of the light. The pursuit of the perfect non-linear optical material has been ongoing ever since the pioneering experiment on second harmonic generation carried out by Franken in 1.61.[1.. Indeed,

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Bayesian inference-based wear prediction method for plain bearings under stationary mixed-friction conditions

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1272-1282页

作者： Florian KÖNIG Florian WIRSING Georg JACOBS Rui HE Zhigang TIAN Ming J.ZUO Institute for Machine Elements and Systems engineering RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062Germany department of Mechanical {1. University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G1H9Canada Qingdao International Academician Park Research Institute Qingdao 266000China

This study introduces a method to predict the remaining useful life(RUL)of plain bearings operating under stationary,wear-critical *** this method,the transient wear data of a coupled elastohydrodynamic lubrication(mixed-EHL)and wear simulation approach is used to parametrize a statistical,linear degradation *** method incorporates Bayesian inference to update the linear degradation model throughout the runtime and thereby consider the transient,system-dependent wear progression within the RUL prediction.A case study is used to show the suitability of the proposed *** results show that the method can be applied to three distinct types of post-wearing-in behavior:wearing-in with subsequent hydrodynamic,stationary wear,and progressive wear *** hydrodynamic operation leads to an infinite lifetime,the method is successfully applied to predict RUL in cases with stationary and progressive wear.

关键词： plain bearings wear modeling remaining useful life prediction Bayesian inference

Enhancing photodynamic inactivation via tunning spatial constraint on photosensitizer

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 652-663页

作者： Chong Li Minghao Han Ji Gao Shuxian Wang Song-Bo Lu Yaxi Li Zhao Liu Chen Zhang Zhaojin Wang Fangliang Wang Yuang Sun Chun Loong Ho Kai Wang Yun Shen Kai Li Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Smart Healthcare engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced BiomaterialsDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China department of Chemical and Environmental {1. University of California RiversideRiverside92521USA department of Electrical and Electronic {1. Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China

The critical factor of spatial constraint,provided by the external confinement(e.g.,matrix),is often overlooked during photodynamic inactivation,despite playing a crucial role in determining the molecular photophysical process and subsequent antipathogen ***,as a proof-of-concept model,we employed two types of polymers with varying interaction energies with dopants to investigate the intrinsic relationship between spatial constraint and the essential excited-state behaviors of doped photosensitizer(4-(2-(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)ethyl)-1.methylquinolin-1.ium iodine,TPP).Through experimental investigation and theoretical calculations,we found that TPP tends to remain in the excited state for a shorter dwell time under weaker spatial constraints due to less restricted molecular motion in polyurethane(PU) ***,the singlet oxygen(^(1.O_(2)) generated from doped-TPP shows a 9.23-fold enhancement in PU than in the polyvinylchloride(PVC) *** light irradiation,the PU@TPP nanofiber can efficiently eliminate the coronavirus MHV-A59(≥99.9997%) at a 220,000-fold higher concentration than the infected *** antibacterial efficacy has also been demonstrated,with a killing rate of ≥99%.

关键词： photodynamic antibacterial singlet oxygen triphenylamine nanofiber

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A novel strategy for ionomer coating of Ag nanoparticles used for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO in a membrane electrode assembly

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 94-95页

作者： Alexis T.Bell department of Chemical and Biomolecular {1. University of California

The electrochemical reduction of the CO2reaction （CO2RR） offers an attractive means for converting the carbon content of CO2, released from a stationary source or the atmosphere, into fuels and chemicals [1.. Utiliz...

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Modeling Long- and Short-Term Service Recommendations with a Deep Multi-Interest Network for Edge Computing

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第1期29卷 86-98页

作者： Rui Yuan Shunmei Meng Ruihan Dou Xinna Wang department of Computer Science and {1. Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210056China Faculty of Mathematics University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada

Edge computing platforms enable application developers and content providers to provide context-aware services(such as service recommendations)using real-time wireless access network *** to recommend the most suitable candidate from these numerous available services is an urgent ***-through rate(CTR)prediction is a core task of traditional service ***,many existing service recommender systems do not exploit user mobility for prediction,particularly in an edge computing *** this paper,we propose a model named long and short-term user preferences modeling with a multi-interest network based on user *** uses a logarithmic network to capture multiple interests in different fields,enriching the representations of user short-term *** terms of long-term preferences,users'comprehensive preferences are extracted in different periods and are fused using a nonlocal *** experiments on three datasets demonstrate that our model relying on user mobility can substantially improve the accuracy of service recommendation in edge computing compared with the state-of-the-art models.

关键词： recommender system logarithmic network nonlocal network

An economic way to achieve all-weather CO2 reduction

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 46-47页

作者： Junwang Tang department of Chemical {1. University College London

Utilising solar power to convert carbon dioxide（CO2） into hydrocarbon fuels presents an eco-friendly method to address dependence on fossil fuels and contribute to a net-zero CO2emission goal[1.2].

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