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Conditioning treatments mitigate the levels of fecal pollution indicators in soil during land-application of sewage sludge

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Science China Technological sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3091-3102页

作者： WANG YuHang LI Hua FANG WenHao WANG Ru WANG XinXin ZHENG GuanYu ZHOU LiXiang Department of environmental {1. College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNanjing Agricultural University college of Materials and Chemical {1. Pingxiang University Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization

Sewage sludge is a major source of fecal pathogens in the environment, and its application to land can result in a significant release of these pathogens into the soil. While conditioning treatments are crucial for improving the dewatering process of sludge, their impact on the presence and behavior of fecal pathogens in soil remains unclear. This study aims to assess four extraction methods for recovering fecal pollution indicators from soil amended with unconditioned and conditioned sludge. The indicators include Escherichia coli(EC), human-specific HF1.3 Bacteroides(HF1.3), human adenovirus(HAdV), human BK polyomavirus(BKPyV), human JC polyomavirus(JCPyV), and cross-assembly phage(crAssphage). This study also examines how soil moisture content affects the decay of these fecal pollution indicators in soil amended with raw sludge and investigates the influence of conditioning treatments with cationic polyacrylamide(PAM), Fenton's reagents, Fe[Ⅲ]/CaO on their persistence in soil. The results indicated that the direct extraction method was the most effective and unbiased for recovering fecal pollution indicators from sludge-amended soil compared with the three elution-concentration methods. All fecal pollution indicators, except HAdV, remained stable under dry soil conditions, while high soil moisture content(48.39%-53.1.%) slowed the decay rates of these indicators. During the application of sludge to soil, effective control of fecal pollution indicators was observed, with JCPyVand HAdV becoming undetectable within a short period. The log reduction values of HF1.3, BKPyV, and crAssphage ranged from 0.1.to 2.8 logs after 30 d of cultivation. The application of conditioned sludge, especially Fenton's reagent-conditioned sludge, resulted in a reduction in human fecal contamination in the receiving soil. Therefore, implementing appropriate conditioning methods, such as using Fenton's reagent, can effectively mitigate the health risks associated with fecal pathogens.

关键词： fecal pollution indicators sewage sludge conditioning treatment land application soil

Alternate disinfection approaches or raise disinfectant dosages for sewage treatment plants to address the COVID-1. pandemic?From disinfection efficiency,DBP formation,and toxicity perspectives

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Frontiers of environmental Science & {1. 2024年第9期18卷 115-128页

作者： Xiaobin Liao Xinyue Liu Yueyun He Xueping Tang Ruanjunjie Xia Yongjun Huang Wenhua Li Jing Zou Zhenming Zhou Mazhan Zhuang Institute of Municipal and environmental {1. College of Civil EngineeringHuaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China Xiamen Institute of environmental Science Xiamen 361021China college of Biomedical {1. Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China

During the COVID-1. pandemic,most sewage treatment plants increased disinfectant dosages to inactivate pathogenic viruses and microorganisms more ***,this approach also led to the production of more disinfection by-products(DBPs).To ensure both disinfection efficiency and a reduction in DBP formation,new disinfection protocols are *** this study,the disinfection efficiency,DBP amounts,and toxicity changes resulting from ozone(O_(3)),ultraviolet(UV),chlorine(Cl_(2)),and their combined processes were *** results demonstrated that the O_(3)/UV/Cl_(2)combination achieved the highest disinfection *** produced the most DBPs,whereas UV treatment reduced the formation of trihalomethane(THM),halogenated ketones(HKs),haloacetic acids(HAA),dichloroacetonitrile(DCAN)and N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)by 45.9%,52.6%,82.0%,67.95%,and 47%,respectively.O_(3)also significantly reduced their production by 99.1.,91.1.,99.5%,1.0%,and 35%.Intracellular organic matter(IOM)was identified as the primary DBP precursors,producing 2.94 times more DBPs than extracellular organic matter(EOM).The increased DBP formation during chlorination was attributed to IOM leakage and cell membrane damage,which was verified using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The toxicities of DBPs were evaluated for six disinfection methods,revealing inconsistent *** overall toxicities were assessed using zebrafish embryo *** evaluations indicated that chlorination alone was the least favorable *** addition,the toxicities followed a sequence:Cl_(2)≈O_(3)/Cl_(2)>O_(3)>O_(3)/UV/Cl_(2)>UV>UV/Cl_(2).These findings can serve as a reference for sewage treatment plants in selecting appropriate disinfection methods to manage the COVID-1. epidemic from comprehensive perspective.

关键词： Sewage bacteria Disinfection by-products Toxicity Ozonation UV Chlorination

Unveiling the mechanisms of Fe(Ⅲ)-loaded chitosan composite(CTS-Fe)in enhancing anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge

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Journal of environmental {1. 2024年第4期138卷 200-211页

作者： Boaiqi Zhang Ziwen Zhao RuiMa Nan Chen Zhe Kong Zhongfang Lei Zhenya Zhang Graduate School of Life and environmental {1. University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment sciences Ministry of Education/State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems/College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China South China Institute of environmental {1. Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510345China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of environmental Science and {1. Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)of waste activated sludge(WAS)is usually limited by the low generation efficiency of ***(Ⅲ)-loaded chitosan composite(CTS-Fe)have been reported to effectively enhanced the digestion of WAS,but its role in promoting anaerobic sludge digestion remains *** present study,the effects of CTS-Fe on the hydrolysis and methanogenesis stages of WAS anaerobic digestion were *** addition of CTSFe increased methane production potential by 8%-23%under the tested conditions with the addition of 5-20 g/L ***,the results demonstrate that the addition of CTS-Fe could effectively promote the hydrolysis of WAS,evidenced by lower protein or polysaccharides concentration,higher soluble organic carbon in rector adding CTS-Fe,as well as the increased activity of extracellular hydrolase with higher CTS-Fe ***,the enrichment of Clostridia abundance(iron-reducing bacteria(IRBs))was observed in CTS-Fe adding reactor(8.9%-1..8%),which was higher than that in the control reactor(7.9%).The observation further suggesting the acceleration of hydrolysis through dissimilatory iron reduction(DIR)process,thus providing abundant substrates for ***,the presence of CTS-Fe was inhibited the acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis process,which could be ascribed to the Fe(Ⅲ)act as electron acceptor coupled to methane for anaerobic ***,coenzyme F420 activity in the CTS-Fe added reactor was 34.9% lower than in the blank,also abundance of microorganisms involved in hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was *** from this study could provide theoretical support for the practical applications of CTS-Fe.

关键词： Chitosan-Fe(Ⅲ)composite Methanogenesis Dissimilatory iron reduction Enzyme activity Microbial community structure

Peracetic acid catalytic activation using Co3O4 nanocluster decorated graphitic carbon nitride for cefapirin degradation in water

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Science China Technological sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3103-3115页

作者： YIN ShiMei GAO YiXuan CHEN Long LI Fan LIU XiaoNa QI Fei LIU Wen Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution College of Environmental Science and EngineeringBeijing Forestry University Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment sciences (Ministry of Education) College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University School of environmental Science and {1. Taiyuan University of Technology State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems Peking University Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular sciences Peking University

This study innovated cobalt-based catalytic nanocomposites（CCNs） for the heterogeneous activation of peracetic acid（PAA）,a green and efficient advanced oxidation process for removing antibiotics from *** Co3O4catalysts exhibit limited activity due to stable electronic *** overcome this,CCNs were synthesized using a one-step condensation method,incorporating a size control strategy that anchors Co3O4nanoclusters within 4-5 nm onto six-fold cavity of g-C3N4,simultaneously modifying the coordination environment of *** alteration significantly enhances the adsorption energy of PAA and catalytic activity compared to commercial *** improved performance of CCN2,in particular,is attributed to a shift in the cobalt d band center towards the Fermi level,facilitating electron delocalization and transfer,enhancing Co-O bonding,and accelerating PAA ***2's superior activity,with a cefapirin（CFP） degradation kinetic rate constant(k1.0.760 min-1.～1. times that of PAA direct oxidation(k1.0.070 min-1. and～5 times that of commercial Co3O4/PAA system(k1.0.1.4 min-1.,is due to its ability to generate dominant reactive species for antibiotic degradation,including alkoxy radicals(CH3C（=O）OO·),high valence metal(CoⅣ（=O）2+),and singlet oxygen（1.2）,with the latter two being crucial for the degradation *** degradation of CFP involved three mechanisms,including direct oxidation by PAA,decarboxylation,and open-ring reactions at nitrogen *** research provides insights into developing high-activity catalysts for efficient PAA activation and antibiotic removal,leveraging the strategy of shifting the transition metal d band center.

关键词： peracetic acid Co3O4 nanocluster high valence metal singlet oxygen cefapirin

Construction of Z-scheme Cu-CeO_(2)/BiOBr heterojunction for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of sulfathiazole

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第7期35卷 167-172页

作者： Xingmin Chen Yunyun Wu Yao Tang Peishen Li Shuai Gao Qiang Wang Wen Liu Sihui Zhan college of {1. sciences and engineering Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Laboratory for Micro-Sized Functional Materials&college of Elementary Education and Department of Chemistry Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China college of {1. sciences and engineering The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences(MOE)Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

The utilization of an efficient photocatalyst is crucial for the photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics in water through visible light,which is an imperative requirement for the remediation of water *** this study,a novel Cu-CeO_(2)/BiOBr Z-type heterojunction was synthesized by calcination and hydrothermal methods,and the degradation rate of sulfathiazole(STZ)antibiotic solution was studied using simulated illumination(300 W xenon lamp).The results indicated that 3%Cu-CeO_(2)/BiOBr achieved a degradation rate of 92.3%within 90 min when treating 20 mg/L STZ solution,demonstrating its potential for practical water treatment *** using various chemical instruments revealed that 3%Cu-CeO_(2)/Bi OBr exhibited the lowest electron-hole recombination rate and electron transfer ***,the utilization of ESR data and quenching experiments has substantiated the involvement of hydroxyl radicals(·OH)and superoxide radicals(·O_(2)^(-))as the primary active ***,a plausible degradation mechanism has been *** findings offer a prospective approach for the development of heterojunction materials with appropriate band matching.

关键词： Cu-CeO_(2)/BiOBr nanoheterojunction Photocatalytic degradation Sulfathiazole Z-scheme

Paving the way toward soil safety and health:current status,challenges,and potential solutions

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Frontiers of environmental Science & {1. 2024年第6期18卷 63-73页

作者： Chiheng Chu Lizhong Zhu college of {1. and Resource sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Soil is a non-renewable resource,providing a majority of the world’s food and fiber while serving as a vital carbon ***,the health of soil faces global threats from human activities,particularly widespread contamination by industrial *** physical,chemical,and biological remediation approaches encounter challenges in preserving soil structure and function throughout the remediation process,as well as addressing the complexities of soil contamination on a regional *** solutions encompass monitoring and simulating soil processes,with a focus on utilizing big data to bridge micro-scale and macro-scale ***,reducing pollutant emissions to soil is paramount due to the significant challenges associated with removing contaminants once they have entered the soil,coupled with the high economic costs of ***,it is imperative to implement advanced remediation technologies,such as monitored natural attenuation,and embrace holistic soil management approaches that involve regulatory frameworks,soil health indicators,and soil safety monitoring *** the enduring health and resilience of soils necessitates a blend of interdisciplinary research,technological innovation,and collaborative initiatives.

关键词： Soil safety and health Source emission reduction Process monitoring and simulation Green remediation technology Soil health management

Legacy and emerging per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS) in the atmosphere: A comprehensive review

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Science China Technological sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3032-3050页

作者： QIAO BiTing SONG DongBao CHEN Hao YAO YiMing SUN HongWen MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and environmental Criteria College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai University

With long-term production and widespread application, per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS) have been detected in various media worldwide, including the atmosphere. Since the gradual restriction and phase-out of C8perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs), environmental contamination by emerging PFAS substitutes such as short-chain PFAA homologues, perfluoroether carboxylic, and sulfonic acids has been reported. Although there has been extensive monitoring of emerging PFAS substitutes in the aquatic environment, few studies have conducted target analysis and nontarget screening(NTS) of emerging unknown PFAS in the atmosphere over the past decade. To fill the gap, this review focused on emerging PFAS in the atmosphere in addition to legacy PFAS. The reported sampling, pretreatment, and instrumental analysis methods for target analysis and NTS of both neutral and ionic PFAS in the atmosphere are summarized, along with the advantages and current limitations of different sampling and NTS methods for PFAS in the atmosphere. The global levels, composition, and spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of legacy and emerging PFAS in the atmosphere are summarized and their transport, transformation, and dry/wet deposition are elucidated. The review highlights the importance of developing and applying the all-in-one strategy integrating target, suspect screening, and NTS to gain insights into emerging PFAS in the atmosphere and provide a reference for future research.

关键词： emerging PFAS atmosphere nontarget screening spatiotemporal distribution fate

Insight into the microbial community of denitrification process using different solid carbon sources: Not only bacteria

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Journal of environmental {1. 2024年第10期144卷 87-99页

作者： Congyu Li Yu Ling Yanjie Zhang Haiyan Wang Huan Wang Guokai Yan Weiyang Dong Yang Chang Liang Duan State Key Laboratory of environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China college of {1. Science and engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China college of Water {1. Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Research Center of environmental Pollution Control Technology Chinese Research Academy of Environmental ScienceBeijing 100012China State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Environment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

There is a lack of understanding about the bacterial,fungal and archaeal communities’composition of solid-phase denitrification(SPD)*** investigated four SPD systems with different carbon sources by analyzing microbial gene sequences based on operational taxonomic unit(OTU)and amplicon sequence variant(ASV).The results showed that the corncob-polyvinyl alcohol sodium alginate-polycaprolactone(CPSP,0.86±0.04 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day))and corncob(0.85±0.06 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day))had better denitrification efficiency than polycaprolactone(PCL,0.29±0.1. mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day))and polyvinyl alcoholsodium alginate(PVA-SA,0.24±0.07 mg NO_(3)^(−)-N/(g·day)).The bacterial,fungal and archaeal microbial composition was significantly different among carbon source types such as Proteobacteria in PCL(OTU:83.72%,ASV:82.49%)and Rozellomycota in PVA-SA(OTU:71.99%,ASV:81.30%).ASV methods can read more microbial units than that of OTU and exhibit higher alpha diversity and classify some species that had not been identified by OTU such as Nanoarchaeota phylum,unclassified_f_Xanthobacteraceae genus,etc.,indicating ASV may be more conducive to understand SPD microbial *** co-occurring network showed some correlation between the bacteria fungi and archaea species,indicating different species may collaborate in SPD *** KEGG function prediction results were obtained in two bioinformatic methods generally and some fungi and archaea functions should not be ignored in SPD *** results may be beneficial for understanding microbial communities in SPD systems.

关键词： Solid-phase denitrification Solid carbon source Microbial community ASV analysis OTU analysis

Dual modification of LiNi_(0.83)Co_(0.1.)Mn_(0.06)O_(2) cathode materials by K^(+) doping and Li_(3)PO_(4) coating for lithium ions batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3007-3018页

作者： Wei Xiao Jia-Le Wang Zhi-Cheng Yi Cheng-Jin Liu Chang Miao Yu Xin Shu-Qing Nie college of Chemistry and {1. engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434023China

Li_(3)PO_(4)@Li_(0.99)K_(0.01.Ni_(0.83)Co_(0.1.)Mn_(O.06)O_(2)(NCM-KP) cathode powders are synthesized via K^(+)doping in calcination processes and H_3PO_4 coating in sol-gel processes.K^(+) precisely enters into the lattice to widen the(003) plane to 0.4746 nm with a lower cationic disordered degree of 1.87%.Moreover,the surface residual lithium salts are treated by H_3PO_4 to generate a uniform Li_(3)PO_(4) coating layer of approximately 1..41.nm,which completely covers on the surface of secondary spherical particles to improve the interfacial *** 25℃,the NCM-KP electrode delivers a discharge specific capacity of 1.8.9 mAh·g^(-1. with a remarkable capacity retention ratio of 84.1. after 200 cycles at 1.0C and retains a high reversible specific capacity of 1.4.4 mAh·g^(-1. at *** at 1.0C and 60℃,it can maintain a reversible discharge specific capacity of 1.4.6 mAh·g^(-1. with 0.21. of capacity decay per cycle after 200 cycles,which is significantly lower than 0.40% for the pristine NCM ***,the charge transfer resistance of 238.89 Ω for the NCM-KP electrode is significantly lower than 947.41.Ω for the pristine NCM one by restricting the interfacial side ***,combining K+doping and Li_(3)PO_(4) coating is an effective strategy to enable the significant improvement of the electrochemical property of high-nickel cathode materials,which may be mainly attributed to the widened diffusion pathway and the formed Li_(3)PO_(4) protective layer,thus promoting Li~+diffusion rate and preventing the erosion of HF.

关键词： High-nickel cathode material Residual lithium K^(+)doping Li_(3)PO_(4)coating Lithium ions battery