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Context‑dependent antioxidant defense system(ADS)‑based stress memory in response to recurrent environmental challenges in congeneric invasive species

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 315-330页

作者： Hanxi Li Xuena Huang Aibin Zhan research {1. for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Marine ecosystems are facing escalating environmental fluctuations owing to climate {1. and human activities,imposing pressures on marine *** withstand recurring environmental challenges,marine organisms,especially benthic species lacking behavioral choices to select optimal habitats,have to utilize well-established strategies such as the antioxidant defense system(ADS)to ensure their ***,understanding of the mechanisms governing the ADS-based response is essential for gaining insights into adaptive strategies for managing environmental *** we conducted a com-parative analysis of the physiological and transcriptional responses based on the ADS during two rounds of'hypersalinity-recovery'challenges in two model congeneric invasive ascidians,Ciona robusta and *** results demonstrated that *** exhibited higher tolerance and resistance to salinity stresses at the physiological level,while *** demonstrated heightened responses at the transcriptional *** observed distinct transcriptional responses,particularly in the utilization of two superoxide dismutase(SOD)*** Ciona species developed physiological stress memory with elevated total SOD(T-SOD)and glutathione(GSH)responses,while only *** demonstrated transcriptional stress *** regulatory distinctions within the Nrf2-Keap1.signalling pathway likely explain the formation disparity of transcriptional stress memory between both Ciona *** findings support the'context-dependent stress memory hypothesis',emphasizing the emergence of species-specific stress memory at diverse regulatory levels in response to recurrent environmental *** results enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of environmental challenge manage-ment in marine species,particularly those related to the ADS.

关键词： Antioxidant defense Ascidian Biological invasion Environmental stress Stress memory

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research foresight in bridging open science and open innovation:Overview based on the complex thinking paradigm

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2024年第1期8卷 59-75页

作者： Jorge Sanabria-Z Marco Cruz-Sandoval Athziri Moreno-Romo Sofía Bosch-Gómez María Soledad Ramírez-Montoya Institute for the Future of Education Tecnologico de MonterreyZapopan45201Mexico Central Bohemian Innovation center(SIC) PragueCzech Republic The Burnes center for Social {1. Northeastern UniversityBostonMA02115USA Institute for the Future of Education Tecnologico de MonterreyMonterrey64700Mexico

Open innovation benefits from access to cutting-edge discoveries to increase their transformation into tangible applications for the benefit of *** research quality has been proposed as a primary objective of open science by the United Nations,to increase science reproducibility,impact,and trust,leading to robust decision-making and ***,opening access to data and processes is insufficient for researchers to achieve open innovation in the context of globalization,for example,by gathering insights from external and internal *** the appropriate mindset to manage complexity and generate synergy among researchers in academia,industry,and the government is essential to catalyze knowledge and transform it into relevant innovations for *** gain insights into the roles and challenges of researchers aiming to bridge the gap between open science and open innovation,a decade-plus Mapping Literature Review was conducted based on the complex thinking *** thinking allows for novel connections of the information collected through open science and open innovation,considering different forms of engaging with alternative means of knowledge creation that may promote innovative and critical *** findings revealed:a)broad positioning of the terms in the European Union;b)open access and open data as current driving themes;c)a constant trade-off between the terms“open data”and“information protection”;d)lack of studies on researchers’complex thinking to help them manage openness;e)absence of the environmental helix in the initiatives;and(f)challenges in innovative communication and collaborative practices among public and private ***,we identified an opportunity to develop researchers’complex thinking such that the openness of information becomes a shared responsibility among partners across multiple *** shared responsibility can have methodological implications that permeate how open science and ope

关键词： Open innovation Open science Complex thinking Ecosystems research enhancement Educational innovation Higher education

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Enhancing Deep Learning Soil Moisture Forecasting Models by Integrating Physics-based Models

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1326-1341页

作者： Lu LI Yongjiu DAI Zhongwang WEI Wei SHANGGUAN Nan WEI Yonggen ZHANG Qingliang LI Xian-Xiang LI School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Guangzhou 510275China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for climate {1. and Natural Disaster Studies Guangzhou 510275China Institute of Surface-Earth System Science School of Earth System ScienceTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun Normal UniversityChangchun 130123China

Accurate soil moisture(SM)prediction is critical for understanding hydrological ***-based(PB)models exhibit large uncertainties in SM predictions arising from uncertain parameterizations and insufficient representation of land-surface *** addition to PB models,deep learning(DL)models have been widely used in SM predictions ***,few pure DL models have notably high success rates due to lacking physical ***,we developed hybrid models to effectively integrate the outputs of PB models into DL models to improve SM *** this end,we first developed a hybrid model based on the attention mechanism to take advantage of PB models at each forecast time scale(attention model).We further built an ensemble model that combined the advantages of different hybrid schemes(ensemble model).We utilized SM forecasts from the Global Forecast System to enhance the convolutional long short-term memory(ConvLSTM)model for 1.1. days of SM *** performances of the proposed hybrid models were investigated and compared with two existing hybrid *** results showed that the attention model could leverage benefits of PB models and achieved the best predictability of drought events among the different hybrid ***,the ensemble model performed best among all hybrid models at all forecast time scales and different soil *** is highlighted that the ensemble model outperformed the pure DL model over 79.5%of in situ stations for 1.-day *** findings suggest that our proposed hybrid models can adequately exploit the benefits of PB model outputs to aid DL models in making SM predictions.

关键词： soil moisture forecasting hybrid model deep learning ConvLSTM attention mechanism

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天然气燃烧源对中国硝酸盐气溶胶的重要贡献:稳定氮同位素的证据（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2024年第19期 3001-3004页

作者：林煜棋范美益洪一航于鸣媛曹芳章炎麟 School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Atmospheric Environment center Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation on Climate and Environmental Change Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

Coal has long been used as a major fuel for human activities in China. Significant amounts of SO2and NO xreleased into the atmosphere undergo chemical reactions to form secondary inorganic aerosols （SIAs）, inducing ...

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Magnitude and direction of temperature variability affect hospitalization for myocardial infarction and stroke:population-based evidence from Guangzhou,China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 1-11页

作者： Zhou Yang Murui Zheng Ze-Lin Yan Hui Liu Xiangyi Liu Jie-Qi Jin Jiagang Wu Chun-Quan Ou State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure research Department of BiostatisticsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ResearchSchool of Public HealthSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Guangzhou center for Disease Control and Prevention Guangzhou 510440China

Relationships between nonoptimal temperatures and cardiovascular disease(CVD)mortality have been well ***,evidence of the association between temperature variability(TV)and CVD morbidity is *** study aimed to quantify the risk and burden of CVD-related hospitalization associated with the magnitude and direction of *** on meteorology and population-based hospitalizations for myocardial infarction(MI)and stroke were collected in Guangzhou,China,from 201. to *** temperature variability(HTV)was measured as the standard deviation of hourly temperature records over specific exposure *** direction(upward or downward)of HTV was defined as the average daily mean temperature change relative to that of the previous day during the exposure ***-Poisson regression was applied to assess the impact of HTV after adjusting for the daily mean temperature,and the hospitalization fractions attributable to HTV were calculated.A 1.-increase in HTV was significantly associated with a 2.24%and 1.72%increase in hospitalizations for MI and hemorrhagic stroke(HS)at lag 0–1.d,respectively,and a 1.55%increase in hospitalizations for ischemic stroke(IS)at lag 0–3 *** the study period,5.99%,4.64%,and 4.53%of MI,HS,and IS hospitalizations,respectively,were attributable to *** upward TV exerts acute effects on CVD hospital admissions,whereas the impact of downward TV generally *** findings highlight the importance of the magnitude and direction of temperature fluctuations,in addition to the mean level,in assessing the adverse health impacts of temperature variations.

关键词： Hourly temperature variability Cardiovascular Hospitalization Direction China

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Variability and trends of near-surface wind speed over the Tibetan Plateau:The role played by the westerly and Asian monsoon

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Advances in climate {1. research 2024年第3期15卷 525-536页

作者： Gang-Feng ZHANG Cesar AZORIN-MOLINA Deliang CHEN Tim RMCVICAR Jose AGUIJARRO Kai-Qiang DENG Lorenzo MINOLA Jaeyeon LEE Seok-Woo SON Heng MA Pei-Jun SHI State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Engineering center of Desertification and Blown-Sand Control of Ministry of Education Faculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Environmental change and Natural Disaster of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Desertificaci'on Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientı'ficas(CIDECSIC-UV-Generalitat alenciana)ClimateAtmosphere and Ocean Laboratory(Climatoc-Lab)Moncada 46113Spain Regional climate Group Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of GothenburgGothenburg 40530Sweden CSIRO Environment CanberraACT 2600Australia Australian research Council Centre of Excellence for {1. Extremes CanberraACT 2600Australia State Meteorological Agency Balearic Islands OfficePalma de Mallorca 07015Spain School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Interuniversity Department of Regional and Urban Studies and Planning(DIST) Politecnico and University of TurinTurin 10125Italy School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program Princeton UniversityPrinceton NJ 08544USA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory NOAAPrinceton NJ 08544USA

Near-surface wind speed exerts profound impacts on many environmental issues,while the long-term(≥60 years)trend and multidecadal variability in the wind speed and its underlying causes in global high-elevation and mountainous areas(e.g.,Tibetan Plateau)remain largely ***,by examining homogenized wind speed data from 1.4 meteorological stations over the Tibetan Plateau for 1.61.2020 and ERA5 reanalysis datasets,we investigated the variability and long-term trend in the near-surface wind speed and revealed the role played by the westerly and Asian *** results show that the homogenized annual wind speed displays a decreasing trend(-0.091.m s^(−1.per decade,p1.1.m s^(−1.per decade,p1.m s^(−1.per decade,p1.61.1.70,a sustained decrease in 1.70-2002,and a consistent increase in *** observed decadal variations are likely linked to large-scale atmospheric circulation,and the correlation analysis unveiled a more important role of westerly and East Asian winter monsoon in modulating near-surface wind changes over the Tibetan *** potential physical processes associated with westerly and Asian monsoon changes are in concordance with wind speed change,in terms of overall weakened horizontal air flow(i.e.,geostrophic wind speed),declined vertical thermal and dynamic momentum transfer(i.e.,atmospheric stratification thermal instability and vertical wind shear),and varied Tibetan Plateau *** indicates that to varying degrees these processes may have contributed to the changes in near-surface wind speed over the Tibetan *** study has implications for wind power production and soil wind erosion prevention in the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Wind speed Decadal change Atmospheric circulation Physical processes

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Incorporating adaptive genomic variation into predictive models for invasion risk assessment

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第2期18卷 83-90页

作者： Yiyong Chen Yangchun Gao Xuena Huang Shiguo Li Zhixin Zhang Aibin Zhan research {1. for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of ZoologyGuangdong Academy of ScienceGuangzhou510260China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510275China Global Ocean and climate {1. center South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou510275China

Global climate {1. is expected to accelerate biological invasions,necessitating accurate risk forecasting and management ***,current invasion risk assessments often overlook adaptive genomic variation,which plays a significant role in the persistence and expansion of invasive *** we used Molgula manhattensis,a highly invasive ascidian,as a model to assess its invasion risks along Chinese coasts under climate *** population genomics analyses,we identified two genetic clusters,the north and south clusters,based on geographic *** predict invasion risks,we employed the gradient forest and species distribution models to calculate genomic offset and species habitat suitability,*** approaches yielded distinct predictions:the gradient forest model suggested a greater genomic offset to future climatic conditions for the north cluster(i.e.,lower invasion risks),while the species distribution model indicated higher future habitat suitability for the same cluster(i.e,higher invasion risks).By integrating these models,we found that the south cluster exhibited minor genome-niche disruptions in the future,indicating higher invasion *** study highlights the complementary roles of genomic offset and habitat suitability in assessing invasion risks under climate ***,incorporating adaptive genomic variation into predictive models can significantly enhance future invasion risk predictions and enable effective management strategies for biological invasions in the future.

关键词： Invasion risk climate {1. Adaptive genomic variation Genomic offset Habitat suitability

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An overview and experimental analysis of WO3/TiO2 composite with enhanced electrochromic properties for smart windows application

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Tungsten 2024年第4期6卷 732-747页

作者： Ayesha Khan Mayur A.Gaikwad Jin Hyeok Kim Anamika Kadam The Institute of Science Dr.Homi Bhabha State University Optoelectronics Convergence research {1. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chonnam National University

Internationally,standards for electrochromic（EC） requirements in smart window applications have been established,with ongoing global initiatives aimed at elevating them to highly advanced *** paper covers a comprehensive investigation of the structural,optical,morphological,and electrochemical properties of WO3/TiO2composite ***,an experimental analysis of WO3/TiO2was envisaged by a two-step ***,WO3thin films were hydrothermally deposited onto indium-doped tin oxide-coated glass substrates using an aqueous solution of Na2WO4·2H2O at a pH value of ***,a layer of TiO2was electrodeposited onto the WO3thin films.X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the successful formation of WO3/TiO2composite films,with the WO3phase exhibiting a hexagonal tunnel *** electron microscopy revealed the formation of porous nanorods（NRs） of WO3,uniformly coated with TiO2,resulting in a porous morphology of the WO./*** EC performance of the WO3/TiO2films was thoroughly assessed through cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry measurements over a potential window ranging from-2.0 to+1.2 V（versus Ag/AgCl） in a 0.5 mol·L-1.iClO4-PC *** WO3/TiO2composite films exhibited cathodic electrochromism,characterized by a reversible color change from dark blue to *** improved EC performance in comparison to pure WO3films is attributed to enhanced double ion/electron insertion and extraction ***,the WO3/TiO2composite films demonstrated excellent optical modulation properties,with a significant modulation at 633 nm（46.87%）.The coloration efficiency reached a high value of 1.3.25 cm2·C-1.indicating their potential for practical EC ***,the WO3/TiO2composite films displayed exceptional EC stability,with no significant degradation observed over 2500 cyclic voltammetry *** superior EC performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect between the hexagonal WO3NRs

关键词： Electrochromism Smart window Stability WO3/TiO2

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Response to climate warming of winter wheat varieties bred across different eras in the North China Plain

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年

作者： Zhaoyang JIANG Shibo FANG Dong WU Xin LIU Huarong ZHAO Jie GUO Xinru ZHANG Yongchao ZHU Xuan LI Yingjie WU Dingrong WU State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences College of Resources and Environment Anhui Agricultural University Raoyang National climate Observatory Meteorological Observation center China Meteorological Administration Meteorological Data center Shandong Meteorological Bureau

By the 2000s, the winter wheat regions in the North China Plain had undergone six major variety renewals. It is crucial to know how the winter wheat varieties bred across different eras respond to climate {1., especially climate *** 201. to 2022, we conducted a two-factor, two-level field experiment at Gucheng and Raoyang, with a temperature difference of 1.C existing between the two sites. The experiment used ten winter wheat varieties bred from the 1.60s to the2000s and included both fertilization and no fertilization treatments. The experiment aimed to separate the effects of warming and fertilization on the growth and development of the winter wheat varieties, thereby revealing the differences in their responses to warming. All the winter wheat varieties across different eras had higher yields in warmer environments. By separating the effects of warming and fertilization, the rate of yield increase decreased with the breeding eras of varieties due to the impact of warming alone. However, it still increased with the eras due to the combined effects of warming and fertilization. For varieties from the 1.80s and 2000s, there is a strong correlation between higher fertility and warmer climate adaptability. Warming has a yield gain effect, significantly amplifying the yield increase under fertilization for the middle and late varieties. Therefore, the average yield increase for varieties from the 2000s reached 67%in warmer environments. Warming has increased the average daily minimum temperature during the winter wheat growing season. It has significantly reduced the number of days below zero degrees Celsius, shortening the overwintering stage and thereby shortening the growth period of winter wheat. However, the effective developmental days (>0°C days) maintained a consistent level. Warming promotes the development of large tillers,increases leaf area and dry matter accumulation, and reduces the ratio of sterile spikelets. The varieties from the 2000s ha

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Characteristics of the crack tip field in high-speed railway tunnel linings under train-induced aerodynamic shockwaves

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Underground Space 2024年第5期18卷 199-217页

作者： Yi-Kang Liu Yu-Ling Wang E Deng Yi-Qing Ni Wei-Chao Yang Wai-Kei Ao School of Civil Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410075China National Rail Transit Electrification and Automation Engineering Technology research {1.(Hong Kong Branch) The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen research Institute Shenzhen 518057China National Engineering research {1. of High-speed Railway Construction Technology Changsha 410075China

High-speed railway tunnels in various countries have continuously reported accidents of vault falling concrete *** the concrete block falling occurs,serious consequences follow,and traffic safety may be *** aerodynamic shockwave evolves from the initial compression wave may be an important inducement causing the tunnel lining cracks to grow and form falling concrete blocks.A joint calculation framework is established based on ANSYS Fluent,ABAQUS,and FRANC3D for calculating the crack tip field under the aerodynamic *** intensification effect of aerodynamic shockwaves in the crack is revealed,and the evolution characteristics of the crack tip field and the influence factors of stress intensity factor(SIF)are *** show that(1.the aerodynamic shockwave intensifies after entering the crack,resulting in more significant pressure in the crack than the input *** maximum pressure of the inclined and longitudinal cracks is higher than the corresponding values of the circumferential crack,respectively.(2)The maximum SIF of the circumferential,inclined,and longitudinal crack appears at 0.5,0.68,and 0.78 times the crack front *** maximum SIF of the circumferential crack is higher than that of the inclined and longitudinal *** possibility of crack growth of the circumferential crack is the highest under aerodynamic shockwaves.(3)The influence of train speed on the SIF of the circumferential crack is more than 40%.When the train speed,crack depth,and crack length change,the change of pressure in the crack is the direct cause of the change of SIF.

关键词： Falling concrete blocks Tunnel lining cracks Aerodynamic shockwave Intensification effect Crack tip field Stress intensity factor

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